The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary: Section P and Q
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Title: The Gutenberg Webster's Unabridged Dictionary: Section P and Q
Author: Project Gutenberg
Noah Webster
Release date: September 1, 1996 [eBook #666]
Most recently updated: September 26, 2024
Language: English
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*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GUTENBERG WEBSTER'S UNABRIDGED DICTIONARY: SECTION P AND Q ***
Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary
Version published 1913
by the C. & G. Merriam Co.
Springfield, Mass.
Under the direction of
Noah Porter, D.D., LL.D.
P.
P (p), the sixteenth letter of the English alphabet, is a nonvocal
consonant whose form and value come from the Latin, into which language
the letter was brought, through the ancient Greek, from the Phúnician,
its probable origin being Egyptian. Etymologically P is most closely
related to b, f, and v; as hobble, hopple; father, paternal; recipient,
receive. See B, F, and M.
See Guide to Pronunciation, ßß 247, 248, and 184- 195.
Pa (p‰), n. A shortened form of Papa.
Pa"age (p"j; 48), n. [OF. paage, paiage, F. pÈage, fr. (assumed) LL.
pedaticum, fr. L. pes, pedis, foot. See Pedage, Pedal.] (O. Eng. Law) A
toll for passage over another person's grounds. [Written also peage and
pedage.] Burke.
||Paard (p‰rd), n. [D., a horse.] The zebra. [S. Africa]
Paas (p‰s), n. Pace [Obs.] Chaucer
Paas (ps), n. [D. paash. See Pasch.] The Easter festival. [Local, U.
S.] Bartlett.
Paas egg. See Easter egg, under Easter.
Pab"u*lar (?), a. [L. pabularis.] Of, pertaining to, or fit for,
pabulum or food; affording food.
Pab`u*la"tion (?), n. [L. pabulatio, fr. pabulari to feed, fr. pabulum
food. See Pabulum.]
1. The act of feeding, or providing food. [Obs.] Cockeram.
2. Food; fodder; pabulum. [Obs.]
Pab"u*lous (?), a. [L. pabulosus.] Affording pabulum, or food;
alimental. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
Pab"u*lum (?), n. [L., akin to pascere to pasture. See Pastor.] The
means of nutriment to animals or plants; food; nourishment; hence, that
which feeds or sustains, as fuel for a fire; that upon which the mind
or soul is nourished; as, intellectual pabulum.
Pac (?), n. A kind of moccasin, having the edges of the sole turned up
and sewed to the upper. Knight.
Pa"ca (?), n. [Pg., from the native name.] (Zoˆl.) A small South
American rodent (Cúlogenys paca), having blackish brown fur, with four
parallel rows of white spots along its sides; the spotted cavy. It is
nearly allied to the agouti and the Guinea pig.
Pa"ca*ble (?), a. [L. pacare to pacify.] Placable. [R.] Coleridge.
Pa*cane" (?), n. (Bot.) A species of hickory. See Pecan.
Pa"cate (?), a. [L. pacatus, p. p. of pacare to pacify, fr. pax, pacis,
peace. See Pay to requite, Peace.] Appeased; pacified; tranquil. [R.]
Pa"ca*ted (?), a. Pacified; pacate.
Pa*ca"tion (?), n. [L. pacatio.] The act of pacifying; a peacemaking.
Coleridge.
Pace (?), n. [OE. pas, F. pas, from L. passus a step, pace, orig., a
stretching out of the feet in walking; cf. pandere, passum, to spread,
stretch; perh. akin to E. patent. Cf. Pas, Pass.] 1. A single movement
from one foot to the other in walking; a step.
2. The length of a step in walking or marching, reckoned from the heel
of one foot to the heel of the other; -- used as a unit in measuring
distances; as, he advanced fifty paces. "The heigh of sixty pace ."
Chaucer.
Ordinarily the pace is estimated at two and one half linear feet; but
in measuring distances be stepping, the pace is extended to three feet
(one yard) or to three and three tenths feet (one fifth of a rod). The
regulation marching pace in the English and United States armies is
thirty inches for quick time, and thirty-six inches for double time.
The Roman pace (passus) was from the heel of one foot to the heel of
the same foot when it next touched the ground, five Roman feet.
3. Manner of stepping or moving; gait; walk; as, the walk, trot,
canter, gallop, and amble are paces of the horse; a swaggering pace; a
quick pace. Chaucer.
To-morrow, and to-morrow, and to-morrow, Creeps in this petty pace
from day to day.
Shak.
In the military schools of riding a variety of paces are taught.
Walsh.
4. A slow gait; a footpace. [Obs.] Chucer.
5. Specifically, a kind of fast amble; a rack.
6. Any single movement, step, or procedure. [R.]
The first pace necessary for his majesty to make is to fall into
confidence with Spain.
Sir W. Temple.
7. (Arch.) A broad step or platform; any part of a floor slightly
raised above the rest, as around an altar, or at the upper end of a
hall.
8. (Weaving) A device in a loom, to maintain tension on the warp in
pacing the web.
Geometrical pace, the space from heel to heel between the spot where
one foot is set down and that where the same foot is again set down,
loosely estimated at five feet, or by some at four feet and two fifths.
See Roman pace in the Note under def. 2. [Obs.] -- To keep, or hold,
pace with, to keep up with; to go as fast as. "In intellect and
attainments he kept pace with his age." Southey.
Pace (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Paced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pacing (?).]
1. To go; to walk; specifically, to move with regular or measured
steps. "I paced on slowly." Pope. "With speed so pace." Shak.
2. To proceed; to pass on. [Obs.]
Or [ere] that I further in this tale pace.
Chaucer.
3. To move quickly by lifting the legs on the same side together, as a
horse; to amble with rapidity; to rack.
4. To pass away; to die. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Pace, v. t. 1. To walk over with measured tread; to move slowly over or
upon; as, the guard paces his round. "Pacing light the velvet plain."
T. Warton.
2. To measure by steps or paces; as, to pace a piece of ground.
3. To develop, guide, or control the pace or paces of; to teach the
pace; to break in.
If you can, pace your wisdom In that good path that I would wish it
go.
Shak
To pace the web (Weaving), to wind up the cloth on the beam,
periodically, as it is woven, in a loom.
Paced (?), a. Having, or trained in, [such] a pace or gait; trained; --
used in composition; as, slow- paced; a thorough-paced villain.
Pa"cer (?), n. One who, or that which, paces; especially, a horse that
paces.
Pa*cha" (?), n. [F.] See Pasha.
||Pa`cha*ca*mac" (?), n. A divinity worshiped by the ancient Peruvians
||as the creator of the universe.
||Pa*chak" (?), n. (Bot.) The fragrant roots of the Saussurea Costus,
||exported from India to China, and used for burning as incense. It is
||supposed to be the costus of the ancients. [Written also putchuck.]
Pa*cha"lic (?), a. & n. See Pashalic.
||Pa*chi"si (?), Par*che"si (&?;), n. [Hind., fr. pachis twenty-five,
||the highest throw in the game.] A game, somewhat resembling
||backgammon, originating in India.
Pa*chom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. pa`chos thickness + -meter.] (Physics) An
instrument for measuring thickness, as of the glass of a mirror, or of
paper; a pachymeter.
||Pa*chon"ta (?), n. (Bot.) A substance resembling gutta-percha, and
||used to adulterate it, obtained from the East Indian tree Isonandra
||acuminata.
Pach"y- (?). [Gr. &?; thick.] A combining form meaning thick; as,
pachyderm, pachydactyl.
Pach`y*car"pous (?), a. [Pachy- + Gr. &?; fruit.] (Bot.) Having the
pericarp thick.
Pach`y*dac"tyl (?), n. [Pachy- + dactyl.] (Zoˆl.) A bird or other
animal having thick toes.
Pach`y*dac"tyl*ous (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Having thick toes.
Pach"y*derm (?), n. [Cf. F. pachyderme.] (Zoˆl.) One of the
Pachydermata.
Pach`y*der"mal (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Of or relating to the pachyderms; as,
pachydermal dentition.
||Pach`y*der"ma*ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; thick-skinned; pachy`s
||thick + &?; skin.] (Zoˆl.) A group of hoofed mammals distinguished
||for the thickness of their skins, including the elephant,
||hippopotamus, rhinoceros, tapir, horse, and hog. It is now considered
||an artificial group.
Pach`y*der"ma*tous (?), a. 1. (Zoˆl.) Of or pertaining to the
pachyderms.
2. Thick-skinned; not sensitive to ridicule.
Pach`y*der"moid (?), a. [Pachyderm + -oid.] (Zoˆl.) Related to the
pachyderms.
Pach`y*glos"sal (?), a. [Pachy- + Gr. &?; tongue.] (Zoˆl.) Having a
thick tongue; -- applied to a group of lizards (PachyglossÊ), including
the iguanas and agamas.
Pach`y*men`in*gi"tis (?), n. [Pachy- + meningitis.] (Med.)
Inflammation of the dura mater or outer membrane of the brain.
Pa*chym"e*ter (?), n. [Pachy- + -meter.] Same as Pachometer.
Pach"y*ote (?), n. [Pachy- + Gr. &?;, &?;, ear.] (Zoˆl.) One of a
family of bats, including those which have thick external ears.
Pac"i*fi`a*ble (?), a. Capable of being pacified or appeased; placable.
Pa*cif"ic (?), a. [L. pacificus: cf. F. pacifique. See Pacify.] Of or
pertaining to peace; suited to make or restore peace; of a peaceful
character; not warlike; not quarrelsome; conciliatory; as, pacific
words or acts; a pacific nature or condition.
Pacific Ocean, the ocean between America and Asia, so called by
Magellan, its first European navigator, on account of the exemption
from violent tempests which he enjoyed while sailing over it; -- called
also, simply, the Pacific, and, formerly, the South sea.
Syn. -- Peacemaking; appeasing; conciliatory; tranquil; calm; quiet;
peaceful; reconciling; mild; gentle.
Pa*cif"ic*a*ble (?), a. Placable. [R.] Bp. Hall.
Pa*cif"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to peace; pacific. [R.] Sir H.
Wotton. -- Pa*cif"ic*al*ly, adv. [R.]
Pa*cif`i*ca"tion (?), n. [L. pacificatio: cf. F. pacification. See
Pacify.] The act or process of pacifying, or of making peace between
parties at variance; reconciliation. "An embassy of pacification."
Bacon.
Pa*cif"i*ca`tor (?), n. [L.] One who, or that which, pacifies; a
peacemaker. Bacon.
Pa*cif"i*ca*to*ry (?), a. [L. pacificatorius.] Tending to make peace;
conciliatory. Barrow.
Pac"i*fi`er (?), n. One who pacifies.
Pac"i*fy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pacified (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Pacifying (?).] [F. pacifier, L. pacificare; pax, pacis, peace +
-ficare (in comp.) to make. See Peace, and -fy.] To make to be at
peace; to appease; to calm; to still; to quiet; to allay the agitation,
excitement, or resentment of; to tranquillize; as, to pacify a man when
angry; to pacify pride, appetite, or importunity. "Pray ye, pacify
yourself." Shak.
To pacify and settle those countries.
Bacon.
Pa*cin"i*an (?), a. (Anat.) Of, pertaining to, or discovered by,
Filippo Pacini, an Italian physician of the 19th century.
Pacinian corpuscles, small oval bodies terminating some of the minute
branches of the sensory nerves in the integument and other parts of the
body. They are supposed to be tactile organs.
Pack (?), n. [Cf. Pact.] A pact. [Obs.] Daniel.
Pack, n. [Akin to D. pak, G. pack, Dan. pakke, Sw. packa, Icel. pakki,
Gael. & Ir. pac, Arm. pak. Cf. Packet.]
1. A bundle made up and prepared to be carried; especially, a bundle to
be carried on the back; a load for an animal; a bale, as of goods.
Piers Plowman.
2. [Cf. Peck, n.] A number or quantity equal to the contents of a pack;
hence, a multitude; a burden. "A pack of sorrows." "A pack of
blessings." Shak.
"In England, by a pack of meal is meant 280 lbs.; of wool, 240 lbs."
McElrath.
3. A number or quantity of connected or similar things; as: (a) A full
set of playing cards; also, the assortment used in a particular game;
as, a euchre pack. (b) A number of hounds or dogs, hunting or kept
together. (c) A number of persons associated or leagued in a bad design
or practice; a gang; as, a pack of thieves or knaves. (d) A shook of
cask staves. (e) A bundle of sheet-iron plates for rolling
simultaneously.
4. A large area of floating pieces of ice driven together more or less
closely. Kane.
5. An envelope, or wrapping, of sheets used in hydropathic practice,
called dry pack, wet pack, cold pack, etc., according to the method of
treatment.
6. [Prob. the same word; but cf. AS. p&?;can to deceive.] A loose,
lewd, or worthless person. See Baggage. [Obs.] Skelton.
Pack animal, an animal, as a horse, mule, etc., employed in carrying
packs. -- Pack cloth, a coarse cloth, often duck, used in covering
packs or bales. -- Pack horse. See Pack animal (above). -- Pack ice.
See def. 4, above. -- Pack moth (Zoˆl.), a small moth (Anacampsis
sarcitella) which, in the larval state, is very destructive to wool and
woolen fabrics. -- Pack needle, a needle for sewing with pack thread.
Piers Plowman. -- Pack saddle, a saddle made for supporting the load on
a pack animal. Shak. -- Pack staff, a staff for supporting a pack; a
peddler's staff. -- Pack thread, strong thread or small twine used for
tying packs or parcels. -- Pack train (Mil.), a troop of pack animals.
<! p. 1029 !>
Pack (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Packed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Packing.]
[Akin to D. pakken, G. packen, Dan. pakke, Sw. packa, Icel. pakka. See
Pack, n.] 1. To make a pack of; to arrange closely and securely in a
pack; hence, to place and arrange compactly as in a pack; to press into
close order or narrow compass; as to pack goods in a box; to pack fish.
Strange materials packed up with wonderful art.
Addison.
Where . . . the bones Of all my buried ancestors are packed.
Shak.
2. To fill in the manner of a pack, that is, compactly and securely, as
for transportation; hence, to fill closely or to repletion; to stow
away within; to cause to be full; to crowd into; as, to pack a trunk;
the play, or the audience, packs the theater.
3. To sort and arrange (the cards) in a pack so as to secure the game
unfairly.
And mighty dukes pack cards for half a crown.
Pope.
4. Hence: To bring together or make up unfairly and fraudulently, in
order to secure a certain result; as, to pack a jury or a causes.
The expected council was dwindling into . . . a packed assembly of
Italian bishops.
Atterbury.
5. To contrive unfairly or fraudulently; to plot. [Obs.]
He lost life . . . upon a nice point subtilely devised and packed
by his enemies.
Fuller.
6. To load with a pack; hence, to load; to encumber; as, to pack a
horse.
Our thighs packed with wax, our mouths with honey.
Shack.
7. To cause to go; to send away with baggage or belongings; esp., to
send away peremptorily or suddenly; -- sometimes with off; as, to pack
a boy off to school.
He . . . must not die
Till George be packed with post horse up to heaven.
Shak.
8. To transport in a pack, or in the manner of a pack (i. e., on the
backs of men or beasts). [Western U.S.]
9. (Hydropathy) To envelop in a wet or dry sheet, within numerous
coverings. See Pack, n., 5.
10. (Mech.) To render impervious, as by filling or surrounding with
suitable material, or to fit or adjust so as to move without giving
passage to air, water, or steam; as, to pack a joint; to pack the
piston of a steam engine.
Pack, v. i. 1. To make up packs, bales, or bundles; to stow articles
securely for transportation.
2. To admit of stowage, or of making up for transportation or storage;
to become compressed or to settle together, so as to form a compact
mass; as, the goods pack conveniently; wet snow packs well.
3. To gather in flocks or schools; as, the grouse or the perch begin to
pack. [Eng.]
4. To depart in haste; -- generally with off or away.
Poor Stella must pack off to town
Swift.
You shall pack, And never more darken my doors again.
Tennyson.
5. To unite in bad measures; to confederate for ill purposes; to join
in collusion. [Obs.] "Go pack with him." Shak.
To send packing, to drive away; to send off roughly or in disgrace; to
dismiss unceremoniously. "The parliament . . . presently sent him
packing." South.
Pack"age (?), n. 1. Act or process of packing.
2. A bundle made up for transportation; a packet; a bale; a parcel; as,
a package of goods.
3. A charge made for packing goods.
4. A duty formerly charged in the port of London on goods imported or
exported by aliens, or by denizens who were the sons of aliens.
Pack"er (?), n. A person whose business is to pack things; especially,
one who packs food for preservation; as, a pork packer.
Pack"et (?), n. [F. paquet, dim. fr. LL. paccus, from the same source
as E. pack. See Pack.]
1. A small pack or package; a little bundle or parcel; as, a packet of
letters. Shak.
2. Originally, a vessel employed by government to convey dispatches or
mails; hence, a vessel employed in conveying dispatches, mails,
passengers, and goods, and having fixed days of sailing; a mail boat.
Packet boat, ship, or vessel. See Packet, n., 2. -- Packet day, the day
for mailing letters to go by packet; or the sailing day. -- Packet note
or post. See under Paper.
Pack"et, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Packeted; p. pr. & vb. n. Packeting.] 1.
To make up into a packet or bundle.
2. To send in a packet or dispatch vessel.
Her husband Was packeted to France.
Ford.
Pack"et, v. i. To ply with a packet or dispatch boat.
Pack"fong` (?), n. [Chin. peh tung.] (Metal.) A Chinese alloy of
nickel, zinc, and copper, resembling German silver.
Pack herse. See under 2d Pack.
Pack"house` (?), n. Warehouse for storing goods.
Pack"ing, n. 1. The act or process of one who packs.
2. Any material used to pack, fill up, or make close. Specifically
(Mach.): A substance or piece used to make a joint impervious; as: (a)
A thin layer, or sheet, of yielding or elastic material inserted
between the surfaces of a flange joint. (b) The substance in a stuffing
box, through which a piston rod slides. (c) A yielding ring, as of
metal, which surrounds a piston and maintains a tight fit, as inside a
cylinder, etc.
3. (Masonry) Same as Filling. [Rare in the U. S.]
4. A trick; collusion. [Obs.] Bale.
Cherd packing (Bridge Building), the arrangement, side by side, of
several parts, as bars, diagonals, a post, etc., on a pin at the bottom
of a chord. Waddell. -- Packing box, a stuffing box. See under
Stuffing. -- Packing press, a powerful press for baling cotton, wool,
hay, etc. -- Packing ring. See Packing, 2 (c), and Illust. of Piston.
-- Packing sheet. (a) A large cloth for packing goods. (b) A sheet
prepared for packing hydropathic patients.
Pack"man (?), n.; pl. Packmen (&?;). One who bears a pack; a peddler.
{ Pack saddle, Pack thread }. See under 2d Pack.
Pack"wax` (?), n. (Anat.) Same as Paxwax.
Pack"way` (?), n. A path, as over mountains, followed by pack animals.
{ Pa"co (?), Pa"cos (?), } n. [Sp. paco, fr. Peruv. paco. Cf. Alpaca.]
1. (Zoˆl.) Same as Alpaca.
2. [Peruv. paco, pacu, red, reddish, reddish ore containing silver;
perh. a different word.] (Min.) An earthy-looking ore, consisting of
brown oxide of iron with minute particles of native silver. Ure.
Pact (?), n. [L. pactum, fr. paciscere to make a bargain or contract,
fr. pacere to settle, or agree upon; cf. pangere to fasten, Gr. &?;,
Skr. pca bond, and E. fang: cf. F. pacie. Cf. Peace, Fadge, v.] An
agreement; a league; a compact; a covenant. Bacon.
The engagement and pact of society whish goes by the name of the
constitution.
Burke.
Pac"tion (?), n. [L. pactio: cf. F. paction. See Pact.] An agreement; a
compact; a bargain. [R.] Sir W. Scott.
Pac"tion*al (?), a. Of the nature of, or by means of, a paction. Bp.
Sanderson.
Pac*ti"tious (?), a. [L. pactitius, pacticius.] Setted by a pact, or
agreement. [R.] Johnson.
Pac*to"li*an (?), a. Pertaining to the Pactolus, a river in ancient
Lydia famous for its golden sands.
Pa"cu (?), n. (Zoˆl.) A South American freah-water fish (Myleies pacu),
of the family CharacinidÊ. It is highly esteemed as food.
Pad (?), n. [D. pad. √21. See Path.] 1. A footpath; a road. [Obs.
or Prov. Eng.]
2. An easy-paced horse; a padnag. Addison
An abbot on an ambling pad.
Tennyson.
3. A robber that infests the road on foot; a highwayman; -- usually
called a footpad. Gay. Byron.
4. The act of robbing on the highway. [Obs.]
Pad, v. t. To travel upon foot; to tread. [Obs.]
Padding the streets for half a crown.
Somerville.
Pad, v. i. 1. To travel heavily or slowly. Bunyan.
2. To rob on foot. [Obs.] Cotton Mather.
3. To wear a path by walking. [Prov. Eng.]
Pad, n. [Perh. akin to pod.] 1. A soft, or small, cushion; a mass of
anything soft; stuffing.
2. A kind of cushion for writing upon, or for blotting; esp., one
formed of many flat sheets of writing paper, or layers of blotting
paper; a block of paper.
3. A cushion used as a saddle without a tree or frame.
4. A stuffed guard or protection; esp., one worn on the legs of horses
to prevent bruising.
5. (Zoˆl.) A cushionlike thickening of the skin one the under side of
the toes of animals.
6. A floating leaf of a water lily or similar plant.
7. (Med.) A soft bag or cushion to relieve pressure, support a part,
etc.
8. (Naut.) A piece of timber fixed on a beam to fit the curve of the
deck. W. C. Russel.
9. A measure for fish; as, sixty mackerel go to a pad; a basket of
soles. [Eng.] Simmonds.
Pad cloth, a saddlecloth; a housing. -- Pad saddle. See def. 3, above.
-- Pad tree (Harness Making), a piece of wood or metal which gives
rigidity and shape to a harness pad. Knight.
Pad, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Padded; p. pr. & vb. n. Padding.] 1. To stuff;
to furnish with a pad or padding.
2. (Calico Printing) To imbue uniformly with a mordant; as, to pad
cloth. Ure.
Pad"ar (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] Groats; coarse flour or meal.
[Obs.] Sir. H. Wotton.
Pad"der (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, pads.
2. A highwayman; a footpad. [Obs.]
Pad"ding, n. 1. The act or process of making a pad or of inserting
stuffing.
2. The material with which anything is padded.
3. Material of inferior value, serving to extend a book, essay, etc.
London Sat. Rev.
4. (Calico Printing) The uniform impregnation of cloth with a mordant.
Pad"dle (?), v. i. [Prob. for pattle, and a dim. of pat, v.; cf. also
E. pad to tread, Prov. G. paddeln, padden, to walk with short steps, to
paddle, G. patschen to splash, dash, dabble, F. patouiller to dabble,
splash, fr. patte a paw. √21.] 1. To use the hands or fingers in
toying; to make caressing strokes. [Obs.] Shak.
2. To dabble in water with hands or feet; to use a paddle, or something
which serves as a paddle, in swimming, in paddling a boat, etc.
As the men were paddling for their lives.
L'Estrange.
While paddling ducks the standing lake desire.
Gay.
Pad"dle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paddled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Paddling (?)]
1. To pat or stroke amorously, or gently.
To be paddling palms and pinching fingers.
Shak.
2. To propel with, or as with, a paddle or paddles.
3. To pad; to tread upon; to trample. [Prov. Eng.]
Pad"dle, n. [See Paddle, v. i.] 1. An implement with a broad blade,
which is used without a fixed fulcrum in propelling and steering canoes
and boats.
2. The broad part of a paddle, with which the stroke is made; hence,
any short, broad blade, resembling that of a paddle.
Thou shalt have a paddle upon thy weapon.
Deut. xxiii. 13.
3. One of the broad boards, or floats, at the circumference of a water
wheel, or paddle wheel.
4. A small gate in sluices or lock gates to admit or let off water; --
also called clough.
5. (Zoˆl.) A paddle-shaped foot, as of the sea turtle.
6. A paddle-shaped implement for stirring or mixing.
7. [In this sense prob. for older spaddle, a dim. of spade.] See Paddle
staff (b), below. [Prov. Eng.]
Paddle beam (Shipbuilding), one of two large timbers supporting the
spring beam and paddle box of a steam vessel. -- Paddle board. See
Paddle, n., 3. -- Paddle box, the structure inclosing the upper part of
the paddle wheel of a steam vessel. -- Paddle shaft, the revolving
shaft which carries the paddle wheel of a steam vessel. -- Paddle
staff. (a) A staff tipped with a broad blade, used by mole catchers.
[Prov. Eng.] (b) A long-handled spade used to clean a plowshare; --
called also plow staff. [Prov. Eng.] -- Paddle steamer, a steam vessel
propelled by paddle wheels, in distinction from a screw propeller. --
Paddle wheel, the propelling wheel of a steam vessel, having paddles
(or floats) on its circumference, and revolving in a vertical plane
parallel to the vessel's length.
Pad"dle*cock` (?), n. (Zoˆl.) The lumpfish. [Prov. Eng.]
Pad"dle*fish` (?), n. (Zoˆl) A large ganoid fish (Polyodon spathula)
found in the rivers of the Mississippi Valley. It has a long
spatula-shaped snout. Called also duck-billed cat, and spoonbill
sturgeon.
Pad"dler (?), n. One who, or that which, paddles.
Pad"dle*wood` (?), n. (Bot.) The light elastic wood of the Aspidosperma
excelsum, a tree of Guiana having a fluted trunk readily split into
planks.
Pad"dock (?), n. [OE. padde toad, frog + -ock; akin to D. pad, padde,
toad, Icel. & Sw. padda, Dan. padde.] (Zoˆl.) A toad or frog. Wyclif.
"Loathed paddocks." Spenser
Paddock pipe (Bot.), a hollow-stemmed plant of the genus Equisetum,
especially E. limosum and the fruiting stems of E. arvense; -- called
also padow pipe and toad pipe. See Equisetum. -- Paddock stone. See
Toadstone. -- Paddock stool (Bot.),a toadstool.
Pad"dock, n. [Corrupted fr. parrock. See Parrock.]
1. A small inclosure or park for sporting. [Obs.]
2. A small inclosure for pasture; esp., one adjoining a stable. Evelyn.
Cowper.
Pad"dy (?), a. [Prov. E. paddy worm-eaten.] Low; mean; boorish;
vagabond. "Such pady persons." Digges (1585). "The paddy persons."
Motley.
Pad"dy, n.; pl. Paddies (#). [Corrupted fr. St. Patrick, the tutelar
saint of Ireland.] A jocose or contemptuous name for an Irishman.
Pad"dy, n. [Either fr. Canarese bhatta or Malay pd.] (Bot.) Unhusked
rice; -- commonly so called in the East Indies.
Paddy bird. (Zoˆl.) See Java sparrow, under Java.
Pad`e*li"on (?), n. [F. pas de lionon's foot.] (Bot.) A plant with
pedately lobed leaves; the lady's mantle.
||Pa*del"la (?), n. [It., prop., a pan, a friing pan, fr. L. patella a
||pan.] A large cup or deep saucer, containing fatty matter in which a
||wick is placed, -- used for public illuminations, as at St. Peter's,
||in Rome. Called also padelle.
Pad`e*mel"on (?), n. (Zoˆl.) See Wallaby.
Pad"e*soy` (?), n. See Paduasoy.
Padge, n. (Zoˆl.) The barn owl; -- called also pudge, and pudge owl.
[Prov. Eng.]
||Pa`di*shah" (?), n. [Per. pdishh. Cf. Pasha.] Chief ruler; monarch;
||sovereign; -- a title of the Sultan of Turkey, and of the Shah of
||Persia.
Pad"lock` (?), n. [Perh. orig., a lock for a pad gate, or a gate
opening to a path, or perh., a lock for a basket or pannier, and from
Prov. E. pad a pannier. Cf. Pad a path, Paddler.] 1. A portable lock
with a bow which is usually jointed or pivoted at one end so that it
can be opened, the other end being fastened by the bolt, -- used for
fastening by passing the bow through a staple over a hasp or through
the links of a chain, etc.
2. Fig.: A curb; a restraint.
Pad"lock`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Padlocked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Padlocking.] To fasten with, or as with, a padlock; to stop; to shut;
to confine as by a padlock. Milton. Tennyson.
Pad"nag` (?), n. [lst pad + nag.] An ambling nag. "An easy padnag."
Macaulay.
Pad"ow (?), n. (Zoˆl.) A paddock, or toad.
Padow pipe. (Bot.) See Paddock pipe, under Paddock.
||Pa*dro"ne (?), n.; pl. It. Padroni (#), E. Padrones. [It. See
||Patron.] 1. A patron; a protector.
2. The master of a small coaster in the Mediterranean.
3. A man who imports, and controls the earnings of, Italian laborers,
street musicians, etc.
Pad`u*a*soy" (?), n. [From Padua, in Italy + F. soie silk; or cf. F.
pou-de-soie.] A rich and heavy silk stuff. [Written also padesoy.]
Pa*du"cahs (p*d"kz), n. pl.; sing. Paducah (-k). (Ethnol.) See
Comanches.
PÊ"an (p`an), n. [L. paean, Gr. paia`n, fr. Paia`n the physician of the
gods, later, Apollo. Cf. PÊon, Peony.] [Written also pean.] 1. An
ancient Greek hymn in honor of Apollo as a healing deity, and, later, a
song addressed to other deities.
2. Any loud and joyous song; a song of triumph. Dryden. "Public pÊans
of congratulation." De Quincey.
3. See PÊon.
PÊ`do*bap"tism (p`d*bp"tz'm), n. Pedobaptism.
<! p. 1030 !>
PÊ`do*gen"esis (p`d*jn"*ss), n. [Gr. pai^s, paido`s, child + E.
genesis.] (Zoˆl.) Reproduction by young or larval animals.
PÊ`do*ge*net"ic (-j*nt"k), a. (Zoˆl.) Producing young while in the
immature or larval state; -- said of certain insects, etc.
PÊ"on (p"n), n. [L. paeon, Gr. paiw`n a solemn song, also, a pÊon,
equiv. to paia`n. See PÊan.] (Anc. Poet.) A foot of four syllables, one
long and three short, admitting of four combinations, according to the
place of the long syllable. [Written also, less correctly, pÊan.]
PÊ"o*nine (p"*nn), n. (Chem.) An artifical red nitrogenous dyestuff,
called also red coralline.
PÊ"o*ny (p"*n), n. (Bot.) See Peony.
Pa"gan (p"gan), n. [L. paganus a countryman, peasant, villager, a
pagan, fr. paganus of or pertaining to the country, rustic, also,
pagan, fr. pagus a district, canton, the country, perh. orig., a
district with fixed boundaries: cf. pangere to fasten. Cf. Painim,
Peasant, and Pact, also Heathen.] One who worships false gods; an
idolater; a heathen; one who is neither a Christian, a Mohammedan, nor
a Jew.
Neither having the accent of Christians, nor the gait of Christian,
pagan, nor man.
Shak.
Syn. -- Gentile; heathen; idolater. -- Pagan, Gentile, Heathen. Gentile
was applied to the other nations of the earth as distinguished from the
Jews. Pagan was the name given to idolaters in the early Christian
church, because the villagers, being most remote from the centers of
instruction, remained for a long time unconverted. Heathen has the same
origin. Pagan is now more properly applied to rude and uncivilized
idolaters, while heathen embraces all who practice idolatry.
Pa"gan, a. [L. paganus of or pertaining to the country, pagan. See
Pagan, n.] Of or pertaining to pagans; relating to the worship or the
worshipers of false goods; heathen; idolatrous, as, pagan tribes or
superstitions.
And all the rites of pagan honor paid.
Dryden.
Pa"gan*dom (-dm), n. The pagan lands; pagans, collectively; paganism.
[R.]
{ Pa*gan"ic (p*gn"k), Pa*gan"ic*al (-*kal), } a. Of or pertaining to
pagans or paganism; heathenish; paganish. [R.] "The paganic fables of
the goods." Cudworth. -- Pa*gan"ic*al*ly, adv. [R.]
Pa"gan*ish (p"gan*sh), a. Of or pertaining to pagans; heathenish. "The
old paganish idolatry." Sharp
Pa"gan*ism (-z'm), n. [L. paganismus: cf. F. paganisme. See Pagan, and
cf. Painim.] The state of being pagan; pagan characteristics; esp., the
worship of idols or false gods, or the system of religious opinions and
worship maintained by pagans; heathenism.
Pa*gan"i*ty (p*gn"*t), n. [L. Paganitas.] The state of being a pagan;
paganism. [R.] Cudworth.
Pa"gan*ize (p"gan*z), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paganized (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Paganizing (?).] To render pagan or heathenish; to convert to
paganism. Hallywell.
Pa"gan*ize, v. i. To behave like pagans. Milton.
Pa"gan*ly, adv. In a pagan manner. Dr. H. More.
Page (pj), n. [F., fr. It. paggio, LL. pagius, fr. Gr. paidi`on, dim.
of pai^s, paido`s, a boy, servant; perh. akin to L. puer. Cf.
Pedagogue, Puerile.] 1. A serving boy; formerly, a youth attending a
person of high degree, especially at courts, as a position of honor and
education; now commonly, in England, a youth employed for doing
errands, waiting on the door, and similar service in households; in the
United States, a boy employed to wait upon the members of a legislative
body.
He had two pages of honor -- on either hand one.
Bacon.
2. A boy child. [Obs.] Chaucer.
3. A contrivance, as a band, pin, snap, or the like, to hold the skirt
of a woman's dress from the ground.
4. (Brickmaking.) A track along which pallets carrying newly molded
bricks are conveyed to the hack.
5. (Zoˆl.) Any one of several species of beautiful South American moths
of the genus Urania.
Page, v. t. To attend (one) as a page. [Obs.] Shak.
Page, n. [F., fr. L. pagina; prob. akin to pagere, pangere, to fasten,
fix, make, the pages or leaves being fastened together. Cf. Pact,
Pageant, Pagination.]
1. One side of a leaf of a book or manuscript.
Such was the book from whose pages she sang.
Longfellow.
2. Fig.: A record; a writing; as, the page of history.
3. (Print.) The type set up for printing a page.
Page, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Paging (?).] To
mark or number the pages of, as a book or manuscript; to furnish with
folios.
Pag"eant (pj"ent or p"jent; 277), n. [OE. pagent, pagen, originally, a
movable scaffold or stage, hence, what was exhibited on it, fr. LL.
pagina, akin to pangere to fasten; cf. L. pagina page, leaf, slab,
compaginare to join together, compages a joining together, structure.
See Pact, Page of a book.]
1. A theatrical exhibition; a spectacle. "A pageant truly played."
Shak.
To see sad pageants of men's miseries.
Spenser.
2. An elaborate exhibition devised for the entertainmeut of a
distinguished personage, or of the public; a show, spectacle, or
display.
The gaze of fools, and pageant of a day !
Pope.
We love the man, the paltry pageant you.
Cowper.
Pag"eant, a. Of the nature of a pageant; spectacular. "Pageant pomp."
Dryden.
Pag"eant, v. t. To exhibit in show; to represent; to mimic. [R.] "He
pageants us." Shak.
Pag"eant*ry (-r), n. Scenic shows or spectacles, taken collectively;
spectacular quality; splendor.
Such pageantry be to the people shown.
Dryden.
The pageantry of festival.
J. A. Symonds.
Syn. -- Pomp; parade; show; display; spectacle.
Page"hood (?), n. The state of being a page.
||Pag"i*na (?), n.; pl. PaginÊ (#). [L.] (Bot.) The surface of a leaf
||or of a flattened thallus.
Pag"i*nal (?), a. [L. paginalis.] Consisting of pages. "Paginal books."
Sir T. Browne.
Pag`i*na"tion (?), n. The act or process of paging a book; also, the
characters used in numbering the pages; page number. Lowndes.
Pa"ging (?), n. The marking or numbering of the pages of a book.
Pa"god (?), n. [Cf. F. pagode. See Pagoda.] 1. A pagoda. [R.] "Or some
queer pagod." Pope.
2. An idol. [Obs.] Bp. Stillingfleet.
Pa*go"da (?), n. [Pg. pagoda, pagode, fr.Hind. & Per. but-kadah a house
of idols, or abode of God; Per. but an idol + kadah a house, a temple.]
1. A term by which Europeans designate religious temples and tower-like
buildings of the Hindoos and Buddhists of India, Farther India, China,
and Japan, -- usually but not always, devoted to idol worship.
2. An idol. [R.] Brande & C.
3. [Prob. so named from the image of a pagoda or a deity (cf. Skr.
bhagavat holy, divine) stamped on it.] A gold or silver coin, of
various kinds and values, formerly current in India. The Madras gold
pagoda was worth about three and a half rupees.
Pa*go"dite (?), n. (Min.) Agalmatolite; -- so called because sometimes
carved by the Chinese into the form of pagodas. See Agalmatolite.
||Pa*gu"ma (?), n. (Zoˆl.) Any one of several species of East Indian
||viverrine mammals of the genus Paguma. They resemble a weasel in
||form.
Pa*gu"ri*an (?), n. [L. pagurus a kind of crab, Gr. &?;.] (Zoˆl.) Any
one of a tribe of anomuran crustaceans, of which Pagurus is a type; the
hermit crab. See Hermit crab, under Hermit.
Pah (?), interj. An exclamation expressing disgust or contempt. See
Bah.
Fie! fie! fie! pah! pah! Give me an ounce of civet, good
apothecary, to sweeten my imagination.
Shak.
||Pah (?), n. [From native name.] A kind of stockaded intrenchment.
||[New Zealand.] Farrow.
Pa"hi (?), n. (Naut.) A large war canoe of the Society Islands.
Pah"le*vi (?), n. Same as Pehlevi.
||Pa*ho"e*ho`e (?), n. (Min.) A name given in the Sandwich Islands to
||lava having a relatively smooth surface, in distinction from the
||rough-surfaced lava, called a-a.
Pah"*Utes` (?), n. pl. (Ethnol.) See Utes.
Paid (?), imp., p. p., & a. of Pay. 1. Receiving pay; compensated;
hired; as, a paid attorney.
2. Satisfied; contented. [Obs.] "Paid of his poverty." Chaucer.
Pai*deu"tics (?), n. [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to teach, fr. &?;,&?;, a boy.]
The science or art of teaching.
Pai"en (?), n. & a. Pagan. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Pai"gle (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] (Bot.) A species of Primula,
either the cowslip or the primrose. [Written also pagle, pagil, peagle,
and pygil.]
||Pai*ja"ma (?), n. Pyjama.
Pail (?), n. [OE. paile, AS. pÊgel a wine vessel, a pail, akin to D. &
G. pegel a watermark, a gauge rod, a measure of wine, Dan. pÊgel half a
pint.] A vessel of wood or tin, etc., usually cylindrical and having a
bail, -- used esp. for carrying liquids, as water or milk, etc.; a
bucket. It may, or may not, have a cover. Shak.
Pail"ful (?), n.; pl. Pailfuls (&?;). The quantity that a pail will
hold. "By pailfuls." Shak.
Pail*lasse" (?; F. &?;), n. [F., fr. paille straw. See Pallet a bed.]
An under bed or mattress of straw. [Written also palliasse.]
Pail`mall" (?), n. & a. See Pall-mall. [Obs.]
Pain (?), n. [OE. peine, F. peine, fr. L. poena, penalty, punishment,
torment, pain; akin to Gr. &?; penalty. Cf. Penal, Pine to languish,
Punish.] 1. Punishment suffered or denounced; suffering or evil
inflicted as a punishment for crime, or connected with the commission
of a crime; penalty. Chaucer.
We will, by way of mulct or pain, lay it upon him.
Bacon.
Interpose, on pain of my displeasure.
Dryden.
None shall presume to fly, under pain of death.
Addison.
2. Any uneasy sensation in animal bodies, from slight uneasiness to
extreme distress or torture, proceeding from a derangement of
functions, disease, or injury by violence; bodily distress; bodily
suffering; an ache; a smart. "The pain of Jesus Christ." Chaucer.
Pain may occur in any part of the body where sensory nerves are
distributed, and it is always due to some kind of stimulation of them.
The sensation is generally referred to the peripheral end of the nerve.
3. pl. Specifically, the throes or travail of childbirth.
She bowed herself and travailed, for her pains came upon her.
1 Sam. iv. 19.
4. Uneasiness of mind; mental distress; disquietude; anxiety; grief;
solicitude; anguish. Chaucer.
In rapture as in pain.
Keble.
5. See Pains, labor, effort.
Bill of pains and penalties. See under Bill. -- To die in the pain, to
be tortured to death. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Pain, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pained (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Paining.] [OE.
peinen, OF. pener, F. peiner to fatigue. See Pain, n.] 1. To inflict
suffering upon as a penalty; to punish. [Obs.] Wyclif (Acts xxii. 5).
2. To put to bodily uneasiness or anguish; to afflict with uneasy
sensations of any degree of intensity; to torment; to torture; as, his
dinner or his wound pained him; his stomach pained him.
Excess of cold, as well as heat, pains us.
Locke.
3. To render uneasy in mind; to disquiet; to distress; to grieve; as a
child's faults pain his parents.
I am pained at my very heart.
Jer. iv. 19.
To pain one's self, to exert or trouble one's self; to take pains; to
be solicitous. [Obs.] "She pained her to do all that she might."
Chaucer.
Syn. -- To disquiet; trouble; afflict; grieve; aggrieve; distress;
agonize; torment; torture.
Pain"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F. pÈnible.] Causing pain; painful. [Obs.]
The manacles of Astyages were not . . . the less weighty and
painable for being composed of gold or silver.
Evelyn.
Pain"ful (?), a. 1. Full of pain; causing uneasiness or distress,
either physical or mental; afflictive; disquieting; distressing.
Addison.
2. Requiring labor or toil; difficult; executed with laborious effort;
as a painful service; a painful march.
3. Painstaking; careful; industrious. [Obs.] Fuller.
A very painful person, and a great clerk.
Jer. Taylor.
Nor must the painful husbandman be tired.
Dryden.
Syn. -- Disquieting; troublesome; afflictive; distressing; grievous;
laborious; toilsome; difficult; arduous.
-- Pain"ful*ly, adv. -- Pain"ful*ness, n.
Pai"nim (?), n.[OE. painime pagans, paganism, fr. OF. paienisme
paganism, LL. paganismus. See Paganism, Pagan.] A pagan; an infidel; --
used also adjectively. [Written also panim and paynim.] Peacham.
Pain"less (?), a. Free from pain; without pain. -- Pain"less*ly, adv. -
- Pain"less*ness, n.
Pains (?), n.Labor; toilsome effort; care or trouble taken; -- plural
in form, but used with a singular or plural verb, commonly the former.
And all my pains is sorted to no proof.
Shak.
The pains they had taken was very great.
Clarendon.
The labored earth your pains have sowed and tilled.
Dryden.
Pains"tak`er (?), n. One who takes pains; one careful and faithful in
all work. Gay.
Pains"tak`ing, a. Careful in doing; diligent; faithful; attentive.
"Painstaking men." Harris.
Pains"tak`ing, n. The act of taking pains; carefulness and fidelity in
performance. Beau. & Fl.
Pains"wor`thy (?), a. Worth the pains or care bestowed.
Paint (pnt), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Painted; p. pr. & vb. n. Painting.]
[OE. peinten, fr. F. peint, p. p. of peindre to paint, fr. L. pingere,
pictum; cf. Gr. poiki`los many-colored, Skr. piÁ to adorn. Cf. Depict,
Picture, Pigment, Pint.] 1. To cover with coloring matter; to apply
paint to; as, to paint a house, a signboard, etc.
Jezebel painted her face and tired her head.
2 Kings ix. 30.
2. Fig.: To color, stain, or tinge; to adorn or beautify with colors;
to diversify with colors.
Not painted with the crimson spots of blood.
Shak.
Cuckoo buds of yellow hue Do paint the meadows with delight.
Shak.
3. To form in colors a figure or likeness of on a flat surface, as upon
canvas; to represent by means of colors or hues; to exhibit in a tinted
image; to portray with paints; as, to paint a portrait or a landscape.
4. Fig.: To represent or exhibit to the mind; to describe vividly; to
delineate; to image; to depict.
Disloyal? The word is too good to paint out her wickedness.
Shak.
If folly grow romantic, I must paint it.
Pope.
Syn. -- To color; picture; depict; portray; delineate; sketch; draw;
describe.
Paint, v. t. 1. To practice the art of painting; as, the artist paints
well.
2. To color one's face by way of beautifying it.
Let her paint an inch thick.
Shak.
Paint, n. 1. (a) A pigment or coloring substance. (b) The same prepared
with a vehicle, as oil, water with gum, or the like, for application to
a surface.
2. A cosmetic; rouge. Praed.
Paint"ed, a. 1. Covered or adorned with paint; portrayed in colors.
As idle as a painted ship Upon a painted ocean.
Coleridge.
2. (Nat. Hist.) Marked with bright colors; as, the painted turtle;
painted bunting.
Painted beauty (Zoˆl.), a handsome American butterfly (Vanessa
Huntera), having a variety of bright colors, -- Painted cup (Bot.), any
plant of an American genus of herbs (Castilleia) in which the bracts
are usually bright-colored and more showy than the flowers. Castilleia
coccinea has brilliantly scarlet bracts, and is common in meadows. --
Painted finch. See Nonpareil. -- Painted lady (Zoˆl.), a bright-colored
butterfly. See Thistle butterfly. -- Painted turtle (Zoˆl.), a common
American freshwater tortoise (Chrysemys picta), having bright red and
yellow markings beneath.
Paint"er (pnt"r), n. [OE, pantere a noose, snare, F. pantiËre, LL.
panthera, L. panther a hunting net, fr. Gr. panqh`ra; pa^s all + qh`r
beast; cf. Ir. painteir a net, gin, snare, Gael. painntear.] (Naut.) A
rope at the bow of a boat, used to fasten it to anything. Totten.
Paint"er, n. [Corrupt. of panther.] (Zoˆl.) The panther, or puma. [A
form representing an illiterate pronunciation, U. S.] J. F. Cooper.
Paint"er, n. [See lst Paint.] One whose occupation is to paint; esp.:
(a) One who covers buildings, ships, ironwork, and the like, with
paint. (b) An artist who represents objects or scenes in color on a
flat surface, as canvas, plaster, or the like.
Painter's colic. (Med.) See Lead colic, under Colic. -- Painter
stainer. (a) A painter of coats of arms. Crabb. (b) A member of a
livery company or guild in London, bearing this name.
<! p. 1031 !>
Paint"er*ly (?), a. Like a painter's work. [Obs.] "A painterly glose of
a visage." Sir P. Sidney.
Paint"er*ship, n. The state or position of being a painter. [R.] Br.
Gardiner.
Paint"ing, n. 1. The act or employment of laying on, or adorning with,
paints or colors.
2. (Fine Arts) The work of the painter; also, any work of art in which
objects are represented in color on a flat surface; a colored
representation of any object or scene; a picture.
3. Color laid on; paint. [R.] Shak.
4. A depicting by words; vivid representation in words.
Syn. -- See Picture.
Paint"less, a. Not capable of being painted or described. "In paintless
patience." Savage.
Pain"ture (?), n. [F. peinture. See Paint, v. t., and cf. Picture.] The
art of painting. [Obs.] Chaucer. Dryden.
Paint"y (?), a. Unskillfully painted, so that the painter's method of
work is too obvious; also, having too much pigment applied to the
surface. [Cant]
Pair (?), n. [F. paire, LL. paria, L. paria, pl. of par pair, fr. par,
adj., equal. Cf. Apparel, Par equality, Peer an equal.]
1. A number of things resembling one another, or belonging together; a
set; as, a pair or flight of stairs. "A pair of beads." Chaucer. Beau.
& Fl. "Four pair of stairs." Macaulay. [Now mostly or quite disused,
except as to stairs.]
Two crowns in my pocket, two pair of cards.
Beau. & Fl.
2. Two things of a kind, similar in form, suited to each other, and
intended to be used together; as, a pair of gloves or stockings; a pair
of shoes.
3. Two of a sort; a span; a yoke; a couple; a brace; as, a pair of
horses; a pair of oxen.
4. A married couple; a man and wife. "A happy pair." Dryden. "The
hapless pair." Milton.
5. A single thing, composed of two pieces fitted to each other and used
together; as, a pair of scissors; a pair of tongs; a pair of bellows.
6. Two members of opposite parties or opinion, as in a parliamentary
body, who mutually agree not to vote on a given question, or on issues
of a party nature during a specified time; as, there were two pairs on
the final vote. [Parliamentary Cant]
7. (Kinematics) In a mechanism, two elements, or bodies, which are so
applied to each other as to mutually constrain relative motion.
Pairs are named in accordance with the kind of motion they permit;
thus, a journal and its bearing form a turning pair, a cylinder and its
piston a sliding pair, a screw and its nut a twisting pair, etc. Any
pair in which the constraining contact is along lines or at points only
(as a cam and roller acting together), is designated a higher pair; any
pair having constraining surfaces which fit each other (as a
cylindrical pin and eye, a screw and its nut, etc.), is called a lower
pair.
Pair royal (pl. Pairs Royal) three things of a sort; -- used especially
of playing cards in some games, as cribbage; as three kings, three
"eight spots" etc. Four of a kind are called a double pair royal.
"Something in his face gave me as much pleasure as a pair royal of
naturals in my own hand." Goldsmith. "That great pair royal of
adamantine sisters [the Fates]." Quarles. [Written corruptly parial and
prial.]
Syn. -- Pair, Flight, Set. Originally, pair was not confined to two
things, but was applied to any number of equal things (pares), that go
together. Ben Jonson speaks of a pair (set) of chessmen; also, he and
Lord Bacon speak of a pair (pack) of cards. A "pair of stairs" is still
in popular use, as well as the later expression, "flight of stairs."
Pair, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Paired (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pairing.] 1. To
be joined in paris; to couple; to mate, as for breeding.
2. To suit; to fit, as a counterpart.
My heart was made to fit and pair with thine.
Rowe.
3. Same as To pair off. See phrase below.
To pair off, to separate from a company in pairs or couples; specif.
(Parliamentary Cant), to agree with one of the opposite party or
opinion to abstain from voting on specified questions or issues. See
Pair, n., 6.
Pair, v. t. 1. To unite in couples; to form a pair of; to bring
together, as things which belong together, or which complement, or are
adapted to one another.
Glossy jet is paired with shining white.
Pope.
2. To engage (one's self) with another of opposite opinions not to vote
on a particular question or class of questions. [Parliamentary Cant]
Paired fins. (Zoˆl.) See under Fin.
Pair, v. t. [See Impair.] To impair. [Obs.] Spenser.
Pair"er (?), n. One who impairs. [Obs.] Wyclif.
Pair"ing, n. [See Pair, v. i.] 1. The act or process of uniting or
arranging in pairs or couples.
2. See To pair off, under Pair, v. i.
Pairyng time, the time when birds or other animals pair.
Pair"ment (?), n. Impairment. [Obs.] Wyclif.
||Pa`is (?), n. [OF. puÔs, F. pays, country.] (O. E. Law) The country;
||the people of the neighborhood.
A trial per pais is a trial by the country, that is, by a jury; and
matter in pais is matter triable by the country, or jury.
||Pa`i*sa"no (?), n. [Sp., of the country, &?;ative.] (Zoˆl.) The
||chaparral cock.
Paise (?), n. [Obs.] See Poise. Chapman.
Pa"jock (?), n. A peacock. [Obs.] Shak.
Pak"fong` (?), n. See Packfong.
Pal (?), n. [Etymol. uncertain.] A mate; a partner; esp., an accomplice
or confederate. [Slang]
Pal"ace (?), n. [OE. palais, F. palais, fr. L. palatium, fr. Palatium,
one of the seven hills of Rome, &?; which Augustus had his residence.
Cf. Paladin.]
1. The residence of a sovereign, including the lodgings of high
officers of state, and rooms for business, as well as halls for
ceremony and reception. Chaucer.
2. The official residence of a bishop or other distinguished personage.
3. Loosely, any unusually magnificent or stately house.
Palace car. See under Car. -- Palace court, a court having jurisdiction
of personal actions arising within twelve miles of the palace at
Whitehall. The court was abolished in 1849. [Eng.] Mozley & W.
Pa*la"cious (?), a. Palatial. [Obs.] Graunt.
Pal"a*din (?), n. [F., fr.It. paladino, fr. L. palatinus an officer of
the palace. See Palatine.] A knight-errant; a distinguished champion;
as, the paladins of Charlemagne. Sir W. Scott.
Pa"lÊ*o- (?). See Paleo-.
Pa`lÊ*og"ra*pher (?), n., Pa`lÊ*o*graph"ic (&?;), a., etc. See
Paleographer, Paleographic, etc.
Pa"lÊ*o*type (?), n. [PalÊo- + -type.] (Phon.) A system of representing
all spoken sounds by means of the printing types in common use. Ellis.
-- Pa`lÊ*o*typ"ic*al (#), a. -- Pa`lÊ*o*typ"ic*al*ly, adv.
||Pa*lÊs"tra (?), n. See Palestra.
Pa*lÊs"tric (?), a. See Palestric.
Pa*lÊ`ti*ol"o*gist (?), n. One versed in palÊtiology.
Pa*lÊ`ti*ol"o*gy (?), n. [PalÊo- + Êtiology.] The science which
explains, by the law of causation, the past condition and changes of
the earth. -- Pa*lÊ`ti*o*log"ic*al (#), a.
||Pal"a*ma (?), n.; pl. Palamme (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?; the palm.]
||(Zoˆl.) A membrane extending between the toes of a bird, and uniting
||them more or less closely together.
||Pal`a*me"de*Ê (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zoˆl.) An order, or suborder,
||including the kamichi, and allied South American birds; -- called
||also screamers. In many anatomical characters they are allied to the
||Anseres, but they externally resemble the wading birds.
Pal`am*pore" (?), n. See Palempore.
||Pa*lan"ka (?), n. [Cf. It., Pg., & Sp. palanca, fr.L. palanga,
||phalanga a pole, Gr.&?; ] (Mil.) A camp permanently intrenched,
||attached to Turkish frontier fortresses.
Pal`an*quin" (?), n. [F. palanquin, Pg. palanquim, Javan. palangki,
OJavan. palangkan, through Prakrit fr. Skr. parya&?;ka, palya&?;ka,
bed, couch; pari around (akin to E. pref. peri-) + a&?;ka a hook,
flank, probably akin to E. angle fishing tackle. Cf. Palkee.] An
inclosed carriage or litter, commonly about eight feet long, four feet
wide, and four feet high, borne on the shoulders of men by means of two
projecting poles, -- used in India, China, etc., for the conveyance of
a single person from place to place. [Written also palankeen.]
Pa*lap"te*ryx (?), n. [Paleo- + apteryx.] (Paleon.) A large extinct
ostrichlike bird of New Zealand.
Pal`a*ta*bil"i*ty (?), n. Palatableness.
Pal"a*ta*ble (?), a. [From Palate.] Agreeable to the palate or taste;
savory; hence, acceptable; pleasing; as, palatable food; palatable
advice.
Pal"a*ta*ble*ness, n. The quality or state of being agreeable to the
taste; relish; acceptableness.
Pal"a*ta*bly, adv. In a palatable manner.
Pal"a*tal (?), a. [Cf. F. palatal.] 1. Of or pertaining to the palate;
palatine; as, the palatal bones.
2. (Phonetics) Uttered by the aid of the palate; -- said of certain
sounds, as the sound of k in kirk.
Pal"a*tal, n. (Phon.) A sound uttered, or a letter pronounced, by the
aid of the palate, as the letters k and y.
Pal"a*tal*ize (?), v. t. (Phon.) To palatize.
Pal"ate (?), n. [L. palatum: cf. F. palais, Of. also palat.] 1. (Anat.)
The roof of the mouth.
The fixed portion, or palate proper, supported by the maxillary and
palatine bones, is called the hard palate to distinguish it from the
membranous and muscular curtain which separates the cavity of the mouth
from the pharynx and is called the soft palate, or velum.
2. Relish; taste; liking; -- a sense originating in the mistaken notion
that the palate is the organ of taste.
Hard task! to hit the palate of such guests.
Pope.
3. Fig.: Mental relish; intellectual taste. T. Baker.
4. (Bot.) A projection in the throat of such flowers as the snapdragon.
Pal"ate, v. t. To perceive by the taste. [Obs.] Shak.
Pa*la"tial (?), a. [L. palatium palace. See Palace.] Of or pertaining
to a palace; suitable for a palace; resembling a palace; royal;
magnificent; as, palatial structures. "Palatial style." A. Drummond.
Pa*la"tial, a. [From Palate.] (Anat.) Palatal; palatine. [Obs.] Barrow.
Pa*la"tial, n. A palatal letter. [Obs.] Sir W. Jones.
Pa*lat"ic (?), a. (Anat.) Palatal; palatine.
Pa*lat"ic, n. (Phon.) A palatal. [R.]
Pa*lat"i*nate (?), n. [F. palatinat. See Palatine.] The province or
seigniory of a palatine; the dignity of a palatine. Howell.
Pa*lat"i*nate (?), v. t. To make a palatinate of. [Obs.] Fuller.
Pal"a*tine (?), a. [F. palatin, L. palatinus, fr. palatium. See Palace,
and cf. Paladin.] Of or pertaining to a palace, or to a high officer of
a palace; hence, possessing royal privileges.
Count palatine, County palatine. See under Count, and County. --
Palatine hill, or The palatine, one of the seven hills of Rome, once
occupied by the palace of the CÊsars. See Palace.
Pal"a*tine (?), n. 1. One invested with royal privileges and rights
within his domains; a count palatine. See Count palatine, under 4th
Count.
2. The Palatine hill in Rome.
Pal"a*tine, a. [From Palate.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the palate.
Palatine bones (Anat.), a pair of bones (often united in the adult) in
the root of the mouth, back of and between the maxillaries.
Pal"a*tine n. (Anat.) A palatine bone.
Pal"a*tive (?), a. Pleasing to the taste; palatable. [Obs.] "Palative
delights." Sir T. Browne.
Pal"a*tize (?), v. t. To modify, as the tones of the voice, by means of
the palate; as, to palatize a letter or sound. -- Pal`a*ti*za"tion (#),
n. J. Peile.
Pal"a*to- (?). [From Palate.] A combining form used in anatomy to
indicate relation to, or connection with, the palate; as in
palatolingual.
||Pal`a*to*na"res (?), n. pl. [NL. See Palato-, and Nares.] (Anat.) The
||posterior nares. See Nares.
Pal`a*top*ter"y*goid (?), a. [Palato- + pterygoid.] (Anat.) Pertaining
to the palatine and pterygoid region of the skull; as, the
palatopterygoid cartilage, or rod, from which the palatine and
pterygoid bones are developed.
Pa*la"ver (?), n. [Sp. palabra, or Pg. palavra, fr. L. parabola a
comparison, a parable, LL., a word. See Parable.]
1. Talk; conversation; esp., idle or beguiling talk; talk intended to
deceive; flattery.
2. In Africa, a parley with the natives; a talk; hence, a public
conference and deliberation; a debate.
This epoch of parliaments and eloquent palavers.
Carlyle.
Pa*la"ver, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Palavered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Palavering.] To make palaver with, or to; to used palaver;to talk idly
or deceitfully; to employ flattery; to cajole; as, to palaver artfully.
Palavering the little language for her benefit.
C. Bront&?;
Pa*la"ver*er (?), n. One who palavers; a flatterer.
Pale (?), a. [Compar. Paler (?); superl. Palest.] [F. p‚le, fr. p‚lir
to turn pale, L. pallere to be o&?; look pale. Cf. Appall, Fallow,
pall, v. i., Pallid.]
1. Wanting in color; not ruddy; dusky white; pallid; wan; as, a pale
face; a pale red; a pale blue. "Pale as a forpined ghost." Chaucer.
Speechless he stood and pale.
Milton.
They are not of complexion red or pale.
T. Randolph.
2. Not bright or brilliant; of a faint luster or hue; dim; as, the pale
light of the moon.
The night, methinks, is but the daylight sick; It looks a little
paler.
Shak.
Pale is often used in the formation of self- explaining compounds; as,
pale-colored, pale-eyed, pale-faced, pale-looking, etc.
Pale, n. Paleness; pallor. [R.] Shak.
Pale, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Paled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Paling.] To turn
pale; to lose color or luster. Whittier.
Apt to pale at a trodden worm.
Mrs. Browning.
Pale, v. t. To make pale; to diminish the brightness of.
The glow&?;worm shows the matin to be near, And gins to pale his
uneffectual fire.
Shak.
Pale, n. [F. pal, fr. L. palus: cf. D. paal. See Pol&?; a stake, and
lst Pallet.] 1. A pointed stake or slat, either driven into the ground,
or fastened to a rail at the top and bottom, for fencing or inclosing;
a picket.
Deer creep through when a pale tumbles down.
Mortimer.
2. That which incloses or fences in; a boundary; a limit; a fence; a
palisade. "Within one pale or hedge." Robynson (More's Utopia).
3. A space or field having bounds or limits; a limited region or place;
an inclosure; -- often used figuratively. "To walk the studious
cloister's pale." Milton. "Out of the pale of civilization." Macaulay.
4. A stripe or band, as on a garment. Chaucer.
5. (Her.) One of the greater ordinaries, being a broad perpendicular
stripe in an escutcheon, equally distant from the two edges, and
occupying one third of it.
6. A cheese scoop. Simmonds.
7. (Shipbuilding) A shore for bracing a timber before it is fastened.
English pale (Hist.), the limits or territory within which alone the
English conquerors of Ireland held dominion for a long period after
their invasion of the country in 1172. Spencer.
Pale, v. t. To inclose with pales, or as with pales; to encircle; to
encompass; to fence off.
[Your isle, which stands] ribbed and paled in With rocks unscalable
and roaring waters.
Shak.
||Pa"le*a (?), n.; pl. PaleÊ (-). [L., chaff.]
1. (Bot.) (a) The interior chaff or husk of grasses. (b) One of the
chaffy scales or bractlets growing on the receptacle of many compound
flowers, as the Coreopsis, the sunflower, etc.
2. (Zoˆl.) A pendulous process of the skin on the throat of a bird, as
in the turkey; a dewlap.
Pa`le*a"ceous (?), a. [L. palea chaff.] (Bot.) Chaffy; resembling or
consisting of paleÊ, or chaff; furnished with chaff; as, a paleaceous
receptacle.
Pa`le*arc"tic (?), a. [Paleo- + arctic.] Belonging to a region of the
earth's surface which includes all Europe to the Azores, Iceland, and
all temperate Asia.
Paled (?), a. [See 5th Pale.] 1. Striped. [Obs.] "[Buskins] . . . paled
part per part." Spenser.
2. Inclosed with a paling. "A paled green." Spenser.
||Pa`le*Îch`i*noi"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Paleo-, and Echinoidea.]
||(Zoˆl.) An extinct order of sea urchins found in the Paleozoic rocks.
||They had more than twenty vertical rows of plates. Called also
||PalÊechini. [Written also PalÊechinoidea.]
<! p. 1032 !>
Pale"face` (?), n. A white person; -- an appellation supposed to have
been applied to the whites by the American Indians. J. F. Cooper.
||Pa`le*ich"thy*es (?), n. pl. [NL. See Paleo-, and Ichthyology.]
||(Zoˆl.) A comprehensive division of fishes which includes the
||elasmobranchs and ganoids. [Written also PalÊichthyes.]
Pale"ly (?), adv. [From Pale, a.] In a pale manner; dimly; wanly; not
freshly or ruddily. Thackeray.
Pal`em*pore" (?), n. A superior kind of dimity made in India, -- used
for bed coverings. [Written also palampore, palampoor, etc.] De
Colange.
Pale"ness (?), n. The quality or condition of being pale; want of
freshness or ruddiness; a sickly whiteness; lack of color or luster;
wanness.
The blood the virgin's cheek forsook; A livid paleness spreads o'er
all her look.
Pope.
Pa*len"que (?), n. pl. (Ethnol.) A collective name for the Indians of
Nicaragua and Honduras.
Pa"le*o- (?). [Gr. &?;, adj.] A combining form meaning old, ancient;
as, palearctic, paleontology, paleothere, paleography. [Written also
palÊo-.]
Pa`le*o*bot"a*nist (?), n. One versed in paleobotany.
Pa`le*o*bot"a*ny (?), n. [Paleo- + botany.] That branch of paleontology
which treats of fossil plants.
||Pa`le*o*car"ida (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; ancient + &?;, &?;,
||&?;, a kind of crustacean.] (Zoˆl.) Same as Merostomata. [Written
||also PalÊocarida.]
||Pa`le*o*cri*noi"de*a (?), n. pl. [NL. See Paleo-, and Crinoidea.]
||(Zoˆl.) A suborder of Crinoidea found chiefly in the Paleozoic rocks.
Pa`le*o*crys"tic (?), a. [Paleo- + Gr. &?; ice.] Of, pertaining to, or
derived from, a former glacial formation.
Pa`le*o*gÊ"an (?), a. [Paleo- + Gr. &?; the eart] (Zoˆl.) Of or
pertaining to the Eastern hemisphere. [Written also palÊogÊan.]
Pa"le*o*graph (?), n. An ancient manuscript.
Pa`le*og"ra*pher (?), n. One skilled in paleography; a paleographist.
{ Pa`le*o*graph"ic (?), Pa`le*o*graph"ic*al (?), } a. [Cf. F.
palÈographique.] Of or pertaining to paleography.
Pa`le*og"ra*phist (?), n. One versed in paleography; a paleographer.
Pa`le*og"ra*phy, n. [Paleo- + -graphy: cf. F. palÈographie.] 1. An
ancient manner of writing; ancient writings, collectively; as, Punic
paleography.
2. The study of ancient inscriptions and modes of writing; the art or
science of deciphering ancient writings, and determining their origin,
period, etc., from external characters; diplomatics.
||Pa*le"o*la (?), n.; pl. PaleolÊ (#). [NL., dim. of L. palea.] (Bot.)
||A diminutive or secondary palea; a lodicule.
Pa"le*o*lith (?), n. [Paleo- + -lith.] (Geol.) A relic of the
Paleolithic era.
Pa`le*o*lith"ic (?), a. (Geol.) Of or pertaining to an era marked by
early stone implements. The Paleolithic era (as proposed by Lubbock)
includes the earlier half of the "Stone Age;" the remains belonging to
it are for the most part of extinct animals, with relics of human
beings.
Pa`le*ol"ogist (?), n. One versed in paleology; a student of antiquity.
Pa`le*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Paleo- + -logy.] The study or knowledge of
antiquities, esp. of prehistoric antiquities; a discourse or treatise
on antiquities; archÊology .
Pa`le*on`to*graph"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to the description of
fossil remains.
Pa`le*on*tog"ra*phy (?), n. [Paleo- + Gr. &?; existing things +
-graphy.] The description of fossil remains.
Pa`le*on`to*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to paleontology. --
Pa`le*on`to*log"ic*al*ly, adv.
Pa`le*on*tol"o*gist (?), n. [Cf. F. palÈontologiste.] One versed in
paleontology.
Pa`le*on*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Paleo- + Gr. &?; existing things + -logy.
Cf. Ontology.] The science which treats of the ancient life of the
earth, or of fossils which are the remains of such life.
Pa`le*o*phy*tol"o*gist (?), n. A paleobotanist.
Pa`le*o*phy*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Paleo- + phytology.] Paleobotany.
Pa`le*or`ni*thol"o*gy (?), n. [Paleo- + ornithology.] The branch of
paleontology which treats of fossil birds.
Pa`le*o*sau"rus (?), n.[NL., fr. Gr. &?; ancient + &?; a lizard.]
(Paleon.) A genus of fossil saurians found in the Permian formation.
Pa`le*o*tech"nic (?), a. [Paleo- + technic.] Belonging to, or connected
with, ancient art. "The paleotechnic men of central France." D. Wilson.
Pa"le*o*there (?), n. [F. palÈothËre.] (Paleon.) Any species of
Paleotherium.
Pa`le*o*the"ri*an (?), a. [F. palÈothÈrien.] (Paleon.) Of or pertaining
to Paleotherium.
||Pa`le*o*the"ri*um (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; ancient + &?; beast.]
||(Paleon.) An extinct genus of herbivorous Tertiary mammals, once
||supposed to have resembled the tapir in form, but now known to have
||had a more slender form, with a long neck like that of a llama.
||[Written also PalÊotherium.]
Pa`le*o*the"roid (?), [Paleothere + -oid.] (Paleon.) Resembling
Paleotherium. -- n. An animal resembling, or allied to, the paleothere.
Pa"le*o*type (?), n. See PalÊotype.
Pa"le*ous (?), a. [L. palea chaff.] Chaffy; like chaff; paleaceous.
[R.] Sir T. Browne.
Pa`le*o*zo"ic (?), a. [Paleo- + Gr. &?; life, fr. &?; to live.] (Geol.)
Of or pertaining to, or designating, the older division of geological
time during which life is known to have existed, including the
Silurian, Devonian, and Carboniferous ages, and also to the life or
rocks of those ages. See Chart of Geology.
Pa`le*o*zo*ˆl"o*gy (?), n. (Geol.) The Paleozoic time or strata.
Pa`le*o*zo*ˆ"o*gy (?), n. [Paleo- + zoˆlogy.] The science of extinct
animals, a branch of paleontology.
{ Pale"sie (?), Pale"sy }, n. Palsy. [Obs.] Wyclif.
{ Pal`es*tin"i*an (?), Pal`es*tin"e*an (?), } a. Of or pertaining to
Palestine.
Pa*les"tra (?), n.; pl. L. PalestrÊ (#), E. Palestras (#). [NL., fr. L.
palaestra, Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to wrestle.] [Written also palÊstra.]
(Antiq.) (a) A wrestling school; hence, a gymnasium, or place for
athletic exercise in general. (b) A wrestling; the exercise of
wrestling.
{ Pa*les"tri*an (?), Pa*les"tric (?), Pa*les"tric*al (?), } a. [L.
palaestricus, Gr. &?;] Of or pertaining to the palestra, or to
wrestling.
Pal"et (?), n. [See Palea.] (Bot.) Same as Palea.
||Pal"e*tot (?), n. [F. paletot, OF. palletoc, prob. fr. L. palla (see
||Palla) + F. toque cap, and so lit., a frock with a cap or hood; cf.
||Sp. paletoque.] (a) An overcoat. Dickens. (b) A lady's outer garment,
||-- of varying fashion.
Pal"ette (?), n. [See Pallet a thin board.]
1. (Paint.) A thin, oval or square board, or tablet, with a thumb hole
at one end for holding it, on which a painter lays and mixes his
pigments. [Written also pallet.]
2. (Anc. Armor) One of the plates covering the points of junction at
the bend of the shoulders and elbows. Fairholt.
3. (Mech.) A breastplate for a breast drill.
Palette knife, a knife with a very flexible steel blade and no cutting
edge, rounded at the end, used by painters to mix colors on the
grinding slab or palette. -- To set the palette (Paint.), to lay upon
it the required pigments in a certain order, according to the intended
use of them in a picture. Fairholt.
Pale"wise` (?), adv. (Her.) In the manner of a pale or pales; by
perpendicular lines or divisions; as, to divide an escutcheon palewise.
Pal"frey (?), n. [OE. palefrai, OF. palefrei, F. palefroi, LL.
palafredus, parafredus, from L. paraveredus a horse for extraordinary
occasions, an extra post horse; Gr. &?; along, beside + L. veredus a
post horse.]
1. A saddle horse for the road, or for state occasions, as
distinguished from a war horse. Chaucer.
2. A small saddle horse for ladies. Spenser.
Call the host and bid him bring Charger and palfrey.
Tennyson.
Pal"freyed (?), a. Mounted on a palfrey. Tickell.
Pal"grave (?), n. See Palsgrave.
||Pa"li (?), n., pl. of Palus.
Pa"li (?), n. [Ceylonese, fr. Skr. pli row, line, series, applied to
the series of Buddhist sacred texts.] A dialect descended from
Sanskrit, and like that, a dead language, except when used as the
sacred language of the Buddhist religion in Farther India, etc.
Pal`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. palus a stake + -ficare (in comp.) to
make: cf. F. palification. See -fy.] The act or practice of driving
piles or posts into the ground to make it firm. [R.] Sir H. Wotton.
Pa"li*form (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Resembling a palus; as, the paliform lobes
of the septa in corals.
Pa*lil"o*gy (?), n. [L. palilogia, Gr. &?;; &?; again + &?; to speak.]
(Rhet.) The repetition of a word, or part of a sentence, for the sake
of greater emphasis; as, "The living, the living, he shall praise
thee." Is. xxxviii. 19.
Pal"imp*sest (?), n. [L. palimpsestus, Gr. &?; scratched or scraped
again, &?; a palimpsest; &?; again + &?; to rub, rub away: cf. F.
palimpseste.] A parchment which has been written upon twice, the first
writing having been erased to make place for the second. Longfellow.
Pal"in*drome (?), n. [Gr. &?; running back again; &?; again + &?; to
run: cf. F. palindrome.] A word, verse, or sentence, that is the same
when read backward or forward; as, madam; Hannah; or Lewd did I live, &
evil I did dwel.
{ Pal`in*drom"ic (?), Pal`in*drom"ic*al (?), } a. Of, pertaining to, or
like, a palindrome.
Pa*lin"dro*mist (?), n. A writer of palindromes.
Pal"ing (?), n. 1. Pales, in general; a fence formed with pales or
pickets; a limit; an inclosure.
They moved within the paling of order and decorum.
De Quincey.
2. The act of placing pales or stripes on cloth; also, the stripes
themselves. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Paling board, one of the slabs sawed from the sides of a log to fit it
to be sawed into boards. [Eng.]
||Pal`in*ge*ne"si*a (?), n.[NL.] See Palingenesis.
{ Pal`in*gen"e*sis (?), Pal`in*gen"e*sy (?), } n. [Gr. &?;; &?; again +
&?; birth: cf. F. palingÈnÈsie. See Genesis.]
1. A new birth; a re-creation; a regeneration; a continued existence in
different manner or form.
2. (Biol.) That form of evolution in which the truly ancestral
characters conserved by heredity are reproduced in development;
original simple descent; -- distinguished from kenogenesis. Sometimes,
in zoˆlogy, the abrupt metamorphosis of insects, crustaceans, etc.
Pal`in*ge*net"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to palingenesis: as, a
palingenetic process. - - Pal`in*ge*net"ic*al*ly (#), adv.
Pal"i*node (?), n. [L. palinodia, from Gr. &?;; &?; again + &?; a song.
See Ode.] 1. An ode recanting, or retracting, a former one; also, a
repetition of an ode.
2. A retraction; esp., a formal retraction. Sandys.
Pal`i*no"di*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a palinode, or retraction.
J. Q. Adams.
Pal"i*no*dy (?), n. See Palinode. [Obs.] Wood.
Pal`inu"rus (?), n. [So called from L. Palinurus, the pilot of ∆neas.]
(Naut.) An instrument for obtaining directly, without calculation, the
true bearing of the sun, and thence the variation of the compass
Pal`i*sade" (?), n. [F. palissade, cf. Sp. palizada, It. palizzata,
palizzo, LL. palissata; all fr. L. palus a stake, pale. See Pale a
stake.] 1. (Fort.) A strong, long stake, one end of which is set firmly
in the ground, and the other is sharpened; also, a fence formed of such
stakes set in the ground as a means of defense.
2. Any fence made of pales or sharp stakes.
Palisade cells (Bot.), vertically elongated parenchyma cells, such as
are seen beneath the epidermis of the upper surface of many leaves. --
Palisade worm (Zoˆl.), a nematoid worm (Strongylus armatus), parasitic
in the blood vessels of the horse, in which it produces aneurisms,
often fatal.
Pal`i*sade", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Palisaded; p. pr. & vb. n.
Palisading.] [Cf. F. palissader.] To surround, inclose, or fortify,
with palisades.
Pal`i*sad"ing (?), n. (Fort.) A row of palisades set in the ground.
Pal`i*sa*"do (?), n.; pl. Palisadoes (&?;). A palisade. [Obs.] Shak.
Pal`i*sa"do, v. t. To palisade. [Obs.] Sterne.
Pal"ish (?), a. Somewhat pale or wan.
Pal`is*san"der (?), n. [F. palissandre.] (Bot.) (a) Violet wood. (b)
Rosewood.
Pal"is*sy (?), a. Designating, or of the nature of, a kind of pottery
made by Bernard Palissy, in France, in the 16th centry.
Palissy ware, glazed pottery like that made by Bernard Palissy;
especially, that having figures of fishes, reptiles, etc., in high
relief.
||Pal"kee (?), n. [Hind. plk; of the same origin as E. palanquin.] A
||palanquin. Malcom.
Pall (?), n. Same as Pawl.
Pall, n. [OE. pal, AS. pÊl, from L. pallium cover, cloak, mantle, pall;
cf. L. palla robe, mantle.] 1. An outer garment; a cloak mantle.
His lion's skin changed to a pall of gold.
Spenser.
2. A kind of rich stuff used for garments in the Middle Ages. [Obs.]
Wyclif (Esther viii. 15).
3. (R. C. Ch.) Same as Pallium.
About this time Pope Gregory sent two archbishop's palls into
England, -- the one for London, the other for York.
Fuller.
4. (Her.) A figure resembling the Roman Catholic pallium, or pall, and
having the form of the letter Y.
5. A large cloth, esp., a heavy black cloth, thrown over a coffin at a
funeral; sometimes, also, over a tomb.
Warriors carry the warrior's pall.
Tennyson.
6. (Eccl.) A piece of cardboard, covered with linen and embroidered on
one side; -- used to put over the chalice.
Pall, v. t. To cloak. [R.] Shak
Pall, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Palled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Palling.] [Either
shortened fr. appall, or fr. F. p‚lir to grow pale. Cf. Appall, Pale,
a.] To become vapid, tasteless, dull, or insipid; to lose strength,
life, spirit, or taste; as, the liquor palls.
Beauty soon grows familiar to the lover, Fades in the eye, and
palls upon the sense.
Addisin.
Pall, v. t. 1. To make vapid or insipid; to make lifeless or
spiritless; to dull; to weaken. Chaucer.
Reason and reflection . . . pall all his enjoyments.
Atterbury.
2. To satiate; to cloy; as, to pall the appetite.
Pall, n. Nausea. [Obs.] Shaftesbury.
||Pal"la (?), n. [L. See Pall a cloak.] (Rom. Antuq.) An oblong
||rectangular piece of cloth, worn by Roman ladies, and fastened with
||brooches.
Pal*la"di*an (?), a. (Arch.) Of, pertaining to, or designating, a
variety of the revived classic style of architecture, founded on the
works of Andrea Palladio, an Italian architect of the 16th century.
Pal*la"dic (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or derived from,
palladium; -- used specifically to designate those compounds in which
the element has a higher valence as contrasted with palladious
compounds.
Pal*la"di*ous (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or containing,
palladium; -- used specifically to designate those compounds in which
palladium has a lower valence as compared with palladic compounds.
Pal*la"di*um (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?;, &?;, Pallas.]
1. (Gr. Antiq.) Any statue of the goddess Pallas; esp., the famous
statue on the preservation of which depended the safety of ancient
Troy.
2. Hence: That which affords effectual protection or security; a
safeguard; as, the trial by jury is the palladium of our civil rights.
Blackstone.
Pal*la"di*um, n. [NL.] (Chem.) A rare metallic element of the light
platinum group, found native, and also alloyed with platinum and gold.
It is a silver-white metal resembling platinum, and like it permanent
and untarnished in the air, but is more easily fusible. It is unique in
its power of occluding hydrogen, which it does to the extent of nearly
a thousand volumes, forming the alloy Pd2H. It is used for graduated
circles and verniers, for plating certain silver goods, and somewhat in
dentistry. It was so named in 1804 by Wollaston from the asteroid
Pallas, which was discovered in 1802. Symbol Pd. Atomic weight, 106.2.
<! p. 1033 !>
Pal*la"di*um*ize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Palladiumized (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Palladiumizing (?).] To cover or coat with palladium. [R.]
Pal"lah (?), n. (Zoˆl.) A large South African antelope (∆pyceros
melampus). The male has long lyrate and annulated horns. The general
color is bay, with a black crescent on the croup. Called also roodebok.
Pal"las (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;.] (Gr. Myth.) Pallas Athene, the
Grecian goddess of wisdom, called also Athene, and identified, at a
later period, with the Roman Minerva.
Pall"bear*er (?), n. One of those who attend the coffin at a funeral;
-- so called from the pall being formerly carried by them.
Pal"let (?), n. [OE. paillet, F. paillet a heap of straw, fr. paille
straw, fr. L. palea chaff; cf. Gr. &?; fine meal, dust, Skr. pala
straw, palva chaff. Cf. Paillasse.] A small and mean bed; a bed of
straw. Milton.
Pal"let, n. [Dim. of pale. See Pale a stake.] (Her.) A perpendicular
band upon an escutcheon, one half the breadth of the pale.
Pal"let, n. [F. palette: af. It. paletta; prop. and orig., a fire
shovel, dim. of L. pala a shovel, spade. See Peel a shovel.] 1.
(Paint.) Same as Palette.
2. (Pottery) (a) A wooden implement used by potters, crucible makers,
etc., for forming, beating, and rounding their works. It is oval,
round, and of other forms. (b) A potter's wheel.
3. (Gilding) (a) An instrument used to take up gold leaf from the
pillow, and to apply it. (b) A tool for gilding the backs of books over
the bands.
4. (Brickmaking) A board on which a newly molded brick is conveyed to
the hack. Knight.
5. (Mach.) (a) A click or pawl for driving a ratchet wheel. (b) One of
the series of disks or pistons in the chain pump. Knight.
6. (Horology) One of the pieces or levers connected with the pendulum
of a clock, or the balance of a watch, which receive the immediate
impulse of the scape-wheel, or balance wheel. Brande & C.
7. (Mus.) In the organ, a valve between the wind chest and the mouth of
a pipe or row of pipes.
8. (Zoˆl.) One of a pair of shelly plates that protect the siphon tubes
of certain bivalves, as the Teredo. See Illust. of Teredo.
9. A cup containing three ounces, -- &?;ormerly used by surgeons.
Pal"li*al (?), a. [L. pallium a mantle. See Pall.] (Zoˆl.) Of or
pretaining to a mantle, especially to the mantle of mollusks; produced
by the mantle; as, the pallial line, or impression, which marks the
attachment of the mantle on the inner surface of a bivalve shell. See
Illust. of Bivalve.
Pallial chamber (Zoˆl.), the cavity inclosed by the mantle. -- Pallial
sinus (Zoˆl.), an inward bending of the pallial line, near the
posterior end of certain bivalve shells, to receive the siphon. See
Illust. of Bivalve.
Pal"li*a*ment (?), n. [LL. palliare to clothe, fr. L. pallium a
manltle. See Pall the garment.] A dress; a robe. [Obs.] Shak.
Pal"liard (?), n. [F. paillard, orig., one addicted to the couch, fr.
paille straw. See Pallet a small bed.]
1. A born beggar; a vagabond. [Obs.] Halliwell.
2. A lecher; a lewd person. [Obs.] Dryden.
Pal*liasse" (?), n. See Paillasse.
Pal"li*ate (?), a. [L. palliatus, fr. pallium a cloak. See Pall the
garment.] 1. Covered with a mant&?;e; cloaked; disguised. [Obs.] Bp.
Hall.
2. Eased; mitigated; alleviated. [Obs.] Bp. Fell.
Pal"li*ate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Palliated(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Palliating(?).] 1. To cover with a mantle or cloak; to cover up; to
hide. [Obs.]
Being palliated with a pilgrim's coat.
Sir T. Herbert.
2. To cover with excuses; to conceal the enormity of, by excuses and
apologies; to extenuate; as, to palliate faults.
They never hide or palliate their vices.
Swift.
3. To reduce in violence; to lessen or abate; to mitigate; to ease
withhout curing; as, to palliate a disease.
To palliate dullness, and give time a shove.
Cowper.
Syn. -- To cover; cloak; hide; extenuate; conceal. -- To Palliate,
Extenuate, Cloak. These words, as here compared, are used in a
figurative sense in reference to our treatment of wrong action. We
cloak in order to conceal completely. We extenuate a crime when we
endeavor to show that it is less than has been supposed; we palliate a
crime when we endeavor to cover or conceal its enormity, at least in
part. This naturally leads us to soften some of its features, and thus
palliate approaches extenuate till they have become nearly or quite
identical. "To palliate is not now used, though it once was, in the
sense of wholly cloaking or covering over, as it might be, our sins,
but in that of extenuating; to palliate our faults is not to hide them
altogether, but to seek to diminish their guilt in part." Trench.
Pal`li*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. palliation.] 1. The act of palliating, or
state of being palliated; extenuation; excuse; as, the palliation of
faults, offenses, vices.
2. Mitigation; alleviation, as of a disease. Bacon.
3. That which cloaks or covers; disguise; also, the state of being
covered or disguised. [Obs.]
Pal"li*a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F. palliatif.] Serving to palliate; serving
to extenuate or mitigate.
Pal"li*a*tive (?), n. That which palliates; a palliative agent. Sir W.
Scott.
Pal"li*a*to*ry (?), a. Palliative; extenuating.
Pal"lid (?), a. [L. pallidus, fr. pallere to be or look pale. See pale,
a.] Deficient in color; pale; wan; as, a pallid countenance; pallid
blue. Spenser.
Pal*lid"i*ty (?), n. Pallidness; paleness.
Pal"lid*ly (?), adv. In a pallid manner.
Pal"lid*ness, n. The quality or state of being pallid; paleness;
pallor; wanness.
||Pal`li*o*bran`chi*a"ta (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zoˆl.) Same as Brachiopoda.
Pal`li*o*bran"chi*ate (?), a. [See Pallium, and Branchia.] (Zoˆl.)
Having the pallium, or mantle, acting as a gill, as in brachiopods.
||Pal"li*um (?), n.; pl. L. Pallia(&?;), E. Palliums (#). [L. See Pall
||the garment.] 1. (Anc. Costume) A large, square, woolen cloak which
||enveloped the whole person, worn by the Greeks and by certain Romans.
||It is the Roman name of a Greek garment.
2. (R.C.Ch.) A band of white wool, worn on the shoulders, with four
purple crosses worked on it; a pall.
The wool is obtained from two lambs brought to the basilica of St.
Agnes, Rome, and blessed. It is worn by the pope, and sent to
patriarchs, primates, and archbishops, as a sign that they share in the
plenitude of the episcopal office. Befoer it is sent, the pallium is
laid on the tomb of St. Peter, where it remains all night.
3. (Zoˆl.) (a) The mantle of a bivalve. See Mantle. (b) The mantle of a
bird.
Pall`-mall" (?), n. [OF. palemail, It. pallamagio; palla a ball (of
German origin, akin to E. ball) + magio hammer, fr. L. malleus. See lst
Ball, and Mall a beetle.] A game formerly common in England, in which a
wooden ball was driven with a mallet through an elevated hoop or ring
of iron. The name was also given to the mallet used, to the place where
the game was played, and to the street, in London, still called Pall
Mall. [Written also pail-mail and pell-mell.] Sir K. Digby. Evelyn.
Pal*lo"ne (?), n. [It., a large ball, fr. palla ball. See Balloon.] An
Italian game, played with a large leather ball.
Pal"lor (?), n. [L., fr. pallere to be or look pale. See Pale, a.]
Paleness; want of color; pallidity; as, pallor of the complexion. Jer.
Taylor.
Palm (?), n. [OE. paume, F. paume, L. palma, Gr. &?;, akin to Skr. pni
hand, and E. fumble. See Fumble, Feel, and cf. 2d Palm.] 1. (Anat.) The
inner and somewhat concave part of the hand between the bases of the
fingers and the wrist.
Clench'd her fingers till they bit the palm.
Tennyson.
2. A lineal measure equal either to the breadth of the hand or to its
length from the wrist to the ends of the fingers; a hand; -- used in
measuring a horse's height.
In Greece, the palm was reckoned at three inches. The Romans adopted
two measures of this name, the lesser palm of 2.91 inches, and the
greater palm of 8.73 inches. At the present day, this measure varies in
the most arbitrary manner, being different in each country, and
occasionally varying in the same. Internat. Cyc.
3. (Sailmaking) A metallic disk, attached to a strap, and worn the palm
of the hand, -- used to push the needle through the canvas, in sewing
sails, etc.
4. (Zoˆl.) The broad flattened part of an antler, as of a full-grown
fallow deer; -- so called as resembling the palm of the hand with its
protruding fingers.
5. (Naut.) The flat inner face of an anchor fluke.
Palm, n. [AS. palm, L. palma; -- so named fr. the leaf resembling a
hand. See lst Palm, and cf. Pam.]
1. (Bot.) Any endogenous tree of the order PalmÊ or PalmaceÊ; a palm
tree.
Palms are perennial woody plants, often of majestic size. The trunk is
usually erect and rarely branched, and has a roughened exterior
composed of the persistent bases of the leaf stalks. The leaves are
borne in a terminal crown, and are supported on stout, sheathing, often
prickly, petioles. They are usually of great size, and are either
pinnately or palmately many-cleft. There are about one thousand species
known, nearly all of them growing in tropical or semitropical regions.
The wood, petioles, leaves, sap, and fruit of many species are
invaluable in the arts and in domestic economy. Among the best known
are the date palm, the cocoa palm, the fan palm, the oil palm, the wax
palm, the palmyra, and the various kinds called cabbage palm and
palmetto.
2. A branch or leaf of the palm, anciently borne or worn as a symbol of
victory or rejoicing.
A great multitude . . . stood before the throne, and before the
Lamb, clothed with white robes, and palme in their hands.
Rev. vii. 9.
3. Hence: Any symbol or token of superiority, success, or triumph;
also, victory; triumph; supremacy. "The palm of martyrdom." Chaucer.
So get the start of the majestic world And bear the palm alone.
Shak.
Molucca palm (Bot.), a labiate herb from Asia (Molucella lÊvis), having
a curious cup-shaped calyx. -- Palm cabbage, the terminal bud of a
cabbage palm, used as food. -- Palm cat (Zoˆl.), the common paradoxure.
-- Palm crab (Zoˆl.), the purse crab. -- Palm oil, a vegetable oil,
obtained from the fruit of several species of palms, as the African oil
palm (ElÊis Guineensis), and used in the manufacture of soap and
candles. See ElÊis. -- Palm swift (Zoˆl.), a small swift (Cypselus
Batassiensis) which frequents the palmyra and cocoanut palms in India.
Its peculiar nest is attached to the leaf of the palmyra palm. -- Palm
toddy. Same as Palm wine. -- Palm weevil (Zoˆl.), any one of mumerous
species of very large weevils of the genus Rhynchophorus. The larvÊ
bore into palm trees, and are called palm borers, and grugru worms.
They are considered excellent food. -- Palm wine, the sap of several
species of palms, especially, in India, of the wild date palm (Phúnix
sylvestrix), the palmyra, and the Caryota urens. When fermented it
yields by distillation arrack, and by evaporation jaggery. Called also
palm toddy. -- Palm worm, or Palmworm. (Zoˆl.) (a) The larva of a palm
weevil. (b) A centipede.
Palm (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Palmed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Palming.] 1.
To handle. [Obs.] Prior.
2. To manipulate with, or conceal in, the palm of the hand; to juggle.
They palmed the trick that lost the game.
Prior.
3. To impose by fraud, as by sleight of hand; to put by unfair means;
-- usually with off.
For you may palm upon us new for old.
Dryden.
Pal*ma"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of or pertaining to palms; of the nature
of, or resembling, palms.
||Pal"ma Chris"ti (?). [L., palm of Christ.] (Bot.) A plant (Ricinus
||communis) with ornamental peltate and palmately cleft foliage,
||growing as a woody perennial in the tropics, and cultivated as an
||herbaceous annual in temperate regions; -- called also castor-oil
||plant. [Sometimes corrupted into palmcrist.]
Pal"ma*cite (?), n. (Paleon.) A fossil palm.
Pal"mar (?), a. [L. palmaris, fr. palma the palm of the hand: cf. F.
palmaire.] 1. (Anat.) Pertaining to, or corresponding with, the palm of
the hand.
2. (Zoˆl.) Of or pertaining to the under side of the wings of birds.
||Pal*ma"ri*um (?), n.; pl. Palmaria (#). [NL. See Palmar.] (Zoˆl.) One
||of the bifurcations of the brachial plates of a crinoid.
Pal"ma*ry (?), a. (Anat.) Palmar.
Pal"ma*ry, a. [L. palmarius, palmaris, belonging to palms, deserving
the palm or prize, fr. palma a palm.] Worthy of the palm; palmy;
preÎminent; superior; principal; chief; as, palmary work. Br. Horne.
Pal"mate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of palmic acid; a ricinoleate.
[Obsoles.]
{ Pal"mate (?), Pal"ma*ted (?), } a. [L. palmatus marked with the palm
of a hand, from palma the palm of the hand.]
1. Having the shape of the hand; resembling a hand with the fingers
spread.
2. (Bot.) Spreading from the apex of a petiole, as the divisions of a
leaf, or leaflets, so as to resemble the hand with outspread fingers.
Gray.
3. (Zoˆl.) (a) Having the anterior toes united by a web, as in most
swimming birds; webbed. See Illust. (i) under Aves. (b) Having the
distal portion broad, flat, and more or less divided into lobes; --
said of certain corals, antlers, etc.
Pal"mate*ly (?), adv. In a palmate manner.
Pal*mat"i*fid (?), a. [L. palmatus palmate + root of findere to split.]
(Bot.) Palmate, with the divisions separated but little more than
halfway to the common center.
Pal*mat"i*lobed (?), a. [L. palmatus palmate + E. lobed.] (Bot.)
Palmate, with the divisions separated less than halfway to the common
center.
{ Pal*mat"i*sect (?), Pal*mat`i*sect"ed (?), } a. [L. palmatus palmate
+ secare to cut.] (Bot.) Divided, as a palmate leaf, down to the
midrib, so that the parenchyma is interrupted.
Palm"crist (?), n. The palma Christi. (Jonah iv. 6, margin, and Douay
version, note.)
Palmed (?), a. Having or bearing a palm or palms.
Palmed deer (Zoˆl.), a stag of full growth, bearing palms. See lst
Palm, 4.
Palm"er (?), n. [From Palm, v. t.] One who palms or cheats, as at cards
or dice.
Palm"er, n.[From Palm the tree.] A wandering religious votary;
especially, one who bore a branch of palm as a token that he had
visited the Holy Land and its sacred places. Chaucer.
Pilgrims and palmers plighted them together.
P. Plowman.
The pilgrim had some home or dwelling place, the palmer had none.
The pilgrim traveled to some certain, designed place or places, but
the palmer to all.
T. Staveley.
Palm"er (?), n. 1. (Zoˆl.) A palmerworm. [Webster 1913 Suppl.]
2. (Angling) Short for Palmer fly, an artificial fly made to imitate a
hairy caterpillar; a hackle. [Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Palm"er*worm` (?), n. (Zoˆl.) (a) Any hairy caterpillar which appears
in great numbers, devouring herbage, and wandering about like a palmer.
The name is applied also to other voracious insects. Joel. i. 4. (b) In
America, the larva of any one of several moths, which destroys the
foliage of fruit and forest trees, esp. the larva of Ypsolophus
pometellus, which sometimes appears in vast numbers.
Pal*mette" (?), n. [F., dim. of palme a palm.] A floral ornament,
common in Greek and other ancient architecture; -- often called the
honeysuckle ornament.
Pal*met"to (?), n. [Dim. of palm the tree: cf. Sp. palmito.] (Bot.) A
name given to palms of several genera and species growing in the West
Indies and the Southern United States. In the United States, the name
is applied especially to the ChamÊrops, or Sabal, Palmetto, the cabbage
tree of Florida and the Carolinas. See Cabbage tree, under Cabbage.
<! p. 1034 !>
Royal palmetto, the West Indian Sabal umbraculifera, the trunk of
which, when hollowed, is used for water pipes, etc. The leaves are used
for thatching, and for making hats, ropes, etc. -- Saw palmetto, Sabal
serrulata, a native of Georgia, South Carolina, and Florida. The nearly
impassable jungle which it forms is called palmetto scrub.
Pal"mic (?), a. [Cf. F. palmique.] (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or
derived from, the castor-oil plant (Ricinus communis, or Palma
Christi); -- formerly used to designate an acid now called ricinoleic
acid. [Obsoles.]
||Pal`mi*dac"ty*les (?), n. pl. [NL. See Palm, and Dactyl.] (Zoˆl.) A
||group of wading birds having the toes webbed, as the avocet.
Pal*mif"er*ous (?), a.[L. palmifer; palma a palm + ferre to bear: cf.
F. palmifËre.] Bearing palms.
Pal"mi*grade (?), a. [L. palma palm of the hand + gradi to walk.]
(Zoˆl.) Putting the whole foot upon the ground in walking, as some
mammals.
Pal"min (?), n. [From palma Christi: cf. F. palmine.] (Chem.) (a) A
white waxy or fatty substance obtained from castor oil. (b) Ricinolein.
[Obs.]
Pal"mi*ped (?), a.[L. palmipes, -edis, broad-footed; palma the palm of
the hand + pes a foot; cf. F. palmipËde.] (Zoˆl.) Web-footed, as a
water fowl. -- n. A swimming bird; a bird having webbed feet.
||Pal*mip"e*des (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zoˆl.) Same as Natatores.
Pal"mis*ter (?), n. [From Palm of the hand.] One who practices
palmistry Bp. Hall.
Pal`mis*try (?), n.[See Palmister.] 1. The art or practice of divining
or telling fortunes, or of judging of character, by the lines and marks
in the palm of the hand; chiromancy. Ascham. Cowper.
2. A dexterous use or trick of the hand. Addison.
Pal"mi*tate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of palmitic acid.
Pal"mite (?), n. [From Palm.] (Bot.) A South African plant (Prionium
Palmita) of the Rush family, having long serrated leaves. The stems
have been used for making brushes.
Pal*mit"ic (?), a. (Physiol. Chem.) Pertaining to, or obtained from,
palmitin or palm oil; as, palmitic acid, a white crystalline body
belonging to the fatty acid series. It is readily soluble in hot
alcohol, and melts to a liquid oil at 62∞ C.
Pal"mi*tin (?), n. [So called because abundant in palm oil.] (Physiol.
Chem.) A solid crystallizable fat, found abundantly in animals and in
vegetables. It occurs mixed with stearin and olein in the fat of animal
tissues, with olein and butyrin in butter, with olein in olive oil,
etc. Chemically, it is a glyceride of palmitic acid, three molecules of
palmitic acid being united to one molecule of glyceryl, and hence it is
technically called tripalmitin, or glyceryl tripalmitate.
Pal`mi*tol"ic (?), a. [Palmitic + -oleic + ic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to,
or designating, an artificial acid of the oleic acid series, isomeric
with linoleic acid.
Pal"mi*tone (?), n. (Chem.) The ketone of palmitic acid.
Palm" Sun`day (?). (Eccl.) The Sunday next before Easter; -- so called
in commemoration of our Savior's triumphal entry into Jerusalem, when
the multitude strewed palm branches in the way.
Palm"y (?), a. 1. Bearing palms; abounding in palms; derived from
palms; as, a palmy shore. Pope.
His golden sands and palmy wine.
Goldsmith.
2. Worthy of the palm; flourishing; prosperous.
In the most high and palmy state of Rome.
Shak.
Pal*my"ra (?), n. (Bot.) A species of palm (Borassus flabelliformis)
having a straight, black, upright trunk, with palmate leaves. It is
found native along the entire northern shores of the Indian Ocean, from
the mouth of the Tigris to New Guinea. More than eight hundred uses to
which it is put are enumerated by native writers. Its wood is largely
used for building purposes; its fruit and roots serve for food, its sap
for making toddy, and its leaves for thatching huts.
Pa*lo"la (?), n. [Fr. the native name.] (Zoˆl.) An annelid (Palola
viridis) which, at certain seasons of the year, swarms at the surface
of the sea about some of the Pacific Islands, where it is collected for
food.
||Pa`lo*me"ta (?), n. (Zoˆl.) A pompano.
Palp (plp), n. [Cf. F. palpe. See Palpable.] (Zoˆl.) Same as Palpus.
Palp, v. t. [L. palpare: cf. F. palper.] To have a distinct touch or
feeling of; to feel. [Obs.]
To bring a palpËd darkness o'er the earth.
Heywood.
Pal`pa*bil"i*ty (?), n. The quality of being palpable, or perceptible
by the touch. Arbuthnot.
Pal"pa*ble (?), a. [F. palpable, L. palpabilis, fr. palpare to feel,
stroke; cf. palpus the soft palm of the hand.] 1. Capable of being
touched and felt; perceptible by the touch; as, a palpable form. Shak.
Darkness must overshadow all his bounds, Palpable darkness.
Milton.
2. Easily perceptible; plain; distinct; obvious; readily perceived and
detected; gross; as, palpable imposture; palpable absurdity; palpable
errors. "Three persons palpable." P. Plowman.
[Lies] gross as a mountain, open, palpable.
Shak.
-- Pal"pa*ble*ness, n. -- Pal"pa*bly, adv.
Pal*pa"tion (?), n. [L. palpatio, fr. palpare. See Palpable.] 1. Act of
touching or feeling.
2. (Med.) Examination of a patient by touch. Quain.
||Pal*pa"tor (?), n. [L., a stroker.] (Zoˆl.) One of a family of
||clavicorn beetles, including those which have very long maxillary
||palpi.
||Pal"pe*bra (?), n.; pl. PalpebrÊ (#). [L.] (Zoˆl.) The eyelid.
Pal"pe*bral (?), a. [L. palpebralis, fr. palpebra: cf. F. palpÈbral.]
Of or pertaining to the eyelids.
Pal"pe*brate (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Having eyelids.
Palped (plpt), a. (Zoˆl.) Having a palpus.
||Pal"pi (pl"p), n., pl. of Palpus. (Zoˆl.) See Palpus.
Pal"pi*corn (?), n. [See Palpus, and Cornu.] (Zoˆl.) One of a group of
aquatic beetles (Palpicornia) having short club-shaped antennÊ, and
long maxillary palpi.
Pal"pi*fer (?), n. [Palpus + L. ferre to bear.] (Zoˆl.) Same as
Palpiger.
Pal"pi*form (?), a. [Palpus + -form: cf. F. palpiforme.] (Zoˆl.) Having
the form of a palpus.
Pal"pi*ger (?), n. [See Palpigerous.] (Zoˆl.) That portion of the
labium which bears the palpi in insects.
Pal*pig"er*ous (?), a. [Palpus + -gerous.] (Zoˆl.) Bearing a palpus.
Kirby.
Pal"pi*tant (?), a. [L. palpitans, p. pr.] Palpitating; throbbing;
trembling. Carlyle.
Pal"pi*tate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Palpitated (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Palpitating(?).] [L. palpitare, palpitatum, v. intens. fr. pappare. See
Palpable.] To beat rapidly and more strongly than usual; to throb; to
bound with emotion or exertion; to pulsate violently; to flutter; --
said specifically of the heart when its action is abnormal, as from
excitement.
Pal`pi*ta"tion (?), n. [L. palpitatio: cf. F. palpitation.] A rapid
pulsation; a throbbing; esp., an abnormal, rapid beating of the heart
as when excited by violent exertion, strong emotion, or by disease.
Palp"less (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Without a palpus.
Pal"po*cil (?), n. [See Palpus, and Cilium.] (Zoˆl.) A minute soft
filamentary process springing from the surface of certain hydroids and
sponges.
||Pal"pus (?), n.; pl. Palpi (#). [NL. See Palp.] (Zoˆl.) A feeler;
||especially, one of the jointed sense organs attached to the mouth
||organs of insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and annelids; as, the
||mandibular palpi, maxillary palpi, and labial palpi. The palpi of
||male spiders serve as sexual organs. Called also palp. See Illust. of
||Arthrogastra and Orthoptera.
Pals"grave` (?), n. [D. paltsgraaf; palts palace (l. palatium) + graaf
count; cf. G. pfalzgraf. See Palace, and Landgrave.] (Ger. Hist.) A
count or earl who presided in the domestic court, and had the
superintendence, of a royal household in Germany.
Pals"gra*vine` (?), n.[D. paltsgravin: cf. G. pfalzgrafin.] The consort
or widow of a palsgrave.
Pal"si*cal (?), a.[From Palsy.] Affected with palsy; palsied;
paralytic. [R.] Johnson.
Pal"sied (?), a. Affected with palsy; paralyzed.
Pal"stave` (?), n. [Dan. paalstav.] A peculiar bronze adz, used in
prehistoric Europe about the middle of the bronze age. Dawkins.
Pal"ster (?), n. [D. palsterstaf.] A pilgrim's staff. [Obs.] Halliwell.
Pal"sy (?), n.; pl. Palsies (#). [OE. palesie, parlesy, OF. paralesie,
F. paralysie, L. paralysis. See Paralysis.] (Med.) Paralysis, complete
or partial. See Paralysis. "One sick of the palsy." Mark ii. 3.
Bell's palsy, paralysis of the facial nerve, producing distortion of
one side of the face; -- so called from Sir Charles Bell, an English
surgeon who described it. -- Scrivener's palsy. See Writer's cramp,
under Writer. -- Shaking palsy, paralysis agitans, a disease usually
occurring in old people, characterized by muscular tremors and a
peculiar shaking and tottering gait.
Pal"sy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Palsied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Palsying.] To
affect with palsy, or as with palsy; to deprive of action or energy; to
paralyze.
Pal"sy*wort` (?), n. (Bot.) The cowslip (Primula veris); -- so called
from its supposed remedial powers. Dr. Prior.
Pal"ter (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Paltered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Paltering.] [See Paltry.] 1. To haggle. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
2. To act in insincere or deceitful manner; to play false; to
equivocate; to shift; to dodge; to trifle.
Romans, that have spoke the word, And will not palter.
Shak.
Who never sold the truth to serve the hour, Nor paltered with
eternal God for power.
Tennyson.
3. To babble; to chatter. [Obs.]
Pal"ter, v. t. To trifle with; to waste; to squander in paltry ways or
on worthless things. [Obs.] "Palter out your time in the penal
statutes." Beau. & Fl.
Pal"ter*er (?), n. One who palters. Johnson.
Pal"ter*ly, a. & adv. Paltry; shabby; shabbily; paltrily. [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.] "In palterly clothes." Pepys.
Pal"tock (?), n. [See Paletot.] A kind of doublet; a jacket. [Obs.]
Piers Plowman.
Pal"tri*ly (?), adv. In a paltry manner.
Pal"tri*ness, n. The state or quality of being paltry.
Pal"try (?), a. [Compar. Paltrier (&?;); superl. Paltriest.] [Cf. Prov.
E. paltry refuse, rubbish, LG. paltering ragged, palte, palter, a rag,
a tatter, Dan. pialt, Sw. palta, pl. paltor.] Mean; vile; worthless;
despicable; contemptible; pitiful; trifling; as, a paltry excuse;
paltry gold. Cowper.
The paltry prize is hardly worth the cost.
Byron.
Syn. -- See Contemptible.
Pa*lu"dal (?), a. [L. palus, - udis, a marsh.] Of or pertaining to
marshes or fens; marshy. [R.]
Paludal fever, malarial fever; -- so called because generated in marshy
districts.
Pa*lu"da*ment (?), n. See Paludamentum.
||Pa*lu`da*men*tum (?), n.; pl. Paladumenta (&?;). (Rom. Antiq.) A
||military cloak worn by a general and his principal officers.
||Pal`u*dic"o*lÊ (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. palus, -udis, a marsh +
||colere to inhabit.] (Zoˆl.) A division of birds, including the
||cranes, rails, etc.
Pa*lu"di*cole (?), a. [Cf. F. paludicole.] (Zoˆl.) Marsh-inhabiting;
belonging to the PaludicolÊ
||Pal`u*di"na (?), n.; pl. L. PaludinÊ (#), E. Paludinas (#). [NL., fr.
||L. palus, -udis, a marsh, pool.] (Zoˆl.) Any one of numerous species
||of freshwater pectinibranchiate mollusks, belonging to Paludina,
||Melantho, and allied genera. They have an operculated shell which is
||usually green, often with brown bands. See Illust. of Pond snail,
||under Pond.
Pal`u*di"nal (?), a. Inhabiting ponds or swamps.
Pal"u*dine (?), a. [L. palus, -udis, a marsh.] Of or pertaining to a
marsh. Buckland.
Pa*lu"di*nous (?), a. 1. (Zoˆl.) (a) Paludinal. (b) Like or pertaining
to the genus Paludina.
2. Of or pertaining to a marsh or fen. [R.]
Pa*lu"dism (?), n. (Med.) The morbid phenomena produced by dwelling
among marshes; malarial disease or disposition.
Pal"u*dose` (?), a.[L. paludosus marshy.] Growing or living in marshy
places; marshy.
Pal"ule (?), n. (Zoˆl.) See Palulus or Palus.
||Pal"u*lus (?), n.; pl. Paluli (#). [NL., dim. of L. palus a stake.]
||(Zoˆl.) Same as Palus.
||Pa"lus (?), n.; pl. Pali (#). [L., a stake.] (Zoˆl.) One of several
||upright slender calcareous processes which surround the central part
||of the calicle of certain corals.
Pa*lus"tral (?), a. [L. paluster, -ustris.] Of or pertaining to a bog
or marsh; boggy. [R.]
Pa*lus"trine (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or living in, a marsh or swamp;
marshy.
Pal"y (?), a. [From Pale, a.] Pale; wanting color; dim. [Poetic] Shak.
Whittier.
Pal"y, a. [Cf. F. palÈ. See Pale a stake.] (Her.) Divided into four or
more equal parts by perpendicular lines, and of two different tinctures
disposed alternately.
Pam (?), n. [From Palm victory; cf. trump, fr. triumph.] The knave of
clubs. [Obs.] Pope.
Pa"ment (?), n. A pavement. [Obs.] Chaucer.
||Pam"pa*no (?), n. [Sp.] (Zoˆl.) Same as Pompano.
Pam"pas (?), n. pl. [Sp., fr. Peruv. pampa a field, plain.] Vast plains
in the central and southern part of the Argentine Republic in South
America. The term is sometimes used in a wider sense for the plains
extending from Bolivia to Southern Patagonia.
Pampas cat (Zoˆl.), a South American wild cat (Felis pajeros). It has
oblique transverse bands of yellow or brown. It is about three and a
half feet long. Called also straw cat. -- Pampas deer (Zoˆl.), a small,
reddish-brown, South American deer (Cervus, or Blastocerus,
campestris). -- Pampas grass (Bot.), a very tall ornamental grass
(Gynerium argenteum) with a silvery-white silky panicle. It is a native
of the pampas of South America.
Pam"per (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pampered (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Pampering.] [Cf. LG. pampen, slampampen, to live luxuriously, pampe
thick pap, and E. pap.]
1. To feed to the full; to feed luxuriously; to glut; as, to pamper the
body or the appetite. "A body . . . pampered for corruption." Dr. T.
Dwight.
2. To gratify inordinately; to indulge to excess; as, to pamper pride;
to pamper the imagination. South.
Pam"pered (?), a. Fed luxuriously; indulged to the full; hence,
luxuriant. "Pampered boughs." Milton. "Pampered insolence." Pope. --
Pam"pered*ness, n. Bp. Hall.
Pam"per*er (?), n. One who, or that which, pampers. Cowper.
Pam"per*ize (?), v. t. To pamper. [R.] Sydney Smith.
||Pam*pe"ro (?), n.[Sp., fr. pampa a plain.] A violent wind from the
||west or southwest, which sweeps over the pampas of South America and
||the adjacent seas, often doing great damage. Sir W. Parish.
Pam*pe"ros (?), n. pl.; sing. Pampero (&?;). [Sp. American.] (Ethnol.)
A tribe of Indians inhabiting the pampas of South America.
Pam"phlet (?), n. [OE. pamflet, pamfilet, paunflet, possibly fr. OF.
palme the palm of the hand, F. paume (see Palm) + OF. fueillet a leaf,
dim. of fueil, m., F. feuille, f., fr. L. folium, pl. folia, thus
meaning, a leaf to be held in the hand; or perh. through old French,
fr. L. Pamphila, a female historian of the first century who wrote many
epitomes; prob., however, fr. OF. Pamflette, the Old French name given
to Pamphilus, a poem in Latin verse of the 12th century, pamphlets
being named from the popularity of this poem.] 1. A writing; a book.
Testament of love.
Sir Thomas More in his pamphlet of Richard the Third.
Ascham.
2. A small book consisting of a few sheets of printed paper, stitched
together, often with a paper cover, but not bound; a short essay or
written discussion, usually on a subject of current interest.
<! p. 1035 !>
Pam"phlet (?), v. i. To write a pamphlet or pamphlets. [R.] Howell.
Pam`phlet*eer" (?), n. A writer of pamphlets; a scribbler. Dryden.
Macaulay.
Pam`phlet*eer", v. i. To write or publish pamphlets.
By pamphleteering we shall not win.
C. Kingsley.
Pam*pin"i*form (?), a. [L. pampinus a tendril + -form.] (Anat.) In the
form of tendrils; -- applied especially to the spermatic and ovarian
veins.
Pam"pre (?), n. [F. pampre a vine branch, L. pampinus.] (Sculp.) An
ornament, composed of vine leaves and bunches of grapes, used for
decorating spiral columns.
Pam`pro*dac"tyl*ous (?), a. [Pan- + Gr. &?; forward + &?; finger.]
(Zoˆl.) Having all the toes turned forward, as the colies.
{ Pan- (?), Pan"ta- (?), Pan"to- (?) }. [Gr. &?;, m., &?;,neut., gen.
&?;, all.] Combining forms signifying all, every; as, panorama,
pantheism, pantagraph, pantograph. Pan- becomes pam- before b or p, as
pamprodactylous.
Pan, n. [OE. See 2d Pane.] 1. A part; a portion.
2. (Fort.) The distance comprised between the angle of the epaule and
the flanked angle.
3. [Perh. a different word.] A leaf of gold or silver.
Pan, v. t. & i. [Cf. F. pan skirt, lappet, L. pannus a cloth, rag, W.
panu to fur, to full.] To join or fit together; to unite. [Obs.]
Halliwell.
Pan (?), n. [Hind. pn, Skr. parna leaf.] The betel leaf; also, the
masticatory made of the betel leaf, etc. See &?;etel.
||Pan (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;.] (Gr. Myth.) The god of shepherds,
||guardian of bees, and patron of fishing and hunting. He is usually
||represented as having the head and trunk of a man, with the legs,
||horns, and tail of a goat, and as playing on the shepherd's pipe,
||which he is said to have invented.
Pan, n. [OE. panne, AS. panne; cf. D. pan, G. pfanne, OHG. pfanna,
Icel., Sw., LL., & Ir. panna, of uncertain origin; cf. L. patina, E.
paten.] 1. A shallow, open dish or vessel, usually of metal, employed
for many domestic uses, as for setting milk for cream, for frying or
baking food, etc.; also employed for various uses in manufacturing. "A
bowl or a pan." Chaucer.
2. (Manuf.) A closed vessel for boiling or evaporating. See Vacuum pan,
under Vacuum.
3. The part of a flintlock which holds the priming.
4. The skull, considered as a vessel containing the brain; the upper
part of the head; the brainpan; the cranium. Chaucer.
5. (C&?;rp.) A recess, or bed, for the leaf of a hinge.
6. The hard stratum of earth that lies below the soil. See Hard pan,
under Hard.
7. A natural basin, containing salt or fresh water, or mud.
Flash in the pan. See under Flash. -- To savor of the pan, to suggest
the process of cooking or burning; in a theological sense, to be
heretical. Ridley. Southey.
Pan, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Panned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Panning.] (Mining)
To separate, as gold, from dirt or sand, by washing in a kind of pan.
[U. S.]
We . . . witnessed the process of cleaning up and panning out,
which is the last process of separating the pure gold from the fine
dirt and black sand.
Gen. W. T. Sherman.
Pan, v. i. 1. (Mining) To yield gold in, or as in, the process of
panning; -- usually with out; as, the gravel panned out richly.
2. To turn out (profitably or unprofitably); to result; to develop; as,
the investigation, or the speculation, panned out poorly. [Slang, U.
S.]
Pan"a*base (?), n. [Pan- + base. So called in allusion to the number of
metals contained in it.] (Min.) Same as Tetrahedrite.
Pan`a*ce"a (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; all-healing; &?;, &?;, all
+ &?; to heal.]
1. A remedy for all diseases; a universal medicine; a cure-all;
catholicon; hence, a relief or solace for affliction.
2. (Bot.) The herb allheal.
Pan`a*ce"an (?), a. Having the properties of a panacea. [R.] "Panacean
dews." Whitehead.
Pa*nache" (?), n. [F., fr. L. penna a feather. See Pen a feather.] A
plume or bunch of feathers, esp. such a bunch worn on the helmet; any
military plume, or ornamental group of feathers.
A panache of variegated plumes.
Prescott.
{ Pa*na"da (?), Pa*nade" (?), } n. [Sp. panada, fr. L. panis bread: cf.
F. panade. See Pantry.] Bread boiled in water to the consistence of
pulp, and sweetened or flavored. [Written also panado.]
Pa*nade" (?), n. A dagger. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Pan`a*ma" hat` (?). A fine plaited hat, made in Central America of the
young leaves of a plant (Carludovica palmata).
Pan`-A*mer"i*can (?), a. [See Pan- .] Of or pertaining to both North
and South America.
Pan`-An"gli*can (?), a. [Pan- + Anglican.] (Eccl.) Belonging to, or
representing, the whole Church of England; used less strictly, to
include the Protestant Episcopal Church of the United States; as, the
Pan- Anglican Conference at Lambeth, in 1888.
Pan"a*ry (?), a. [L. panis bread.] Of or pertaining to bread or to
breadmaking.
Pan"a*ry, n. A storehouse for bread. Halliwell.
Pan"cake` (?), n. A thin cake of batter fried in a pan or on a griddle;
a griddlecake; a flapjack. "A pancake for Shrove Tuesday." Shak.
Pan"carte` (?), n. [F., fr. LL. pancharta. See Pan-, and Carte.] A
royal charter confirming to a subject all his possessions. [Obs.]
Holinshed.
Pance (?), n. (Bot.) The pansy. [Also paunce.]
Panch (?), n. (Naut.) See Paunch.
Panch"way (?), n. [Hind. pan&?;oi.] (Naut.) A Bengalese four-oared boat
for passengers. [Written also panshway and paunchwas.] Malcom.
Pan*cra"tian (?), a. Pancratic; athletic.
Pan*cra"ti*ast (?), n. One who engaged in the contests of the
pancratium.
Pan*cra`ti*as"tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the pancratium. G. West.
Pan*crat"ic (?), a. [Gr. &?; all- powerful.] (Opt.) Having all or many
degrees of power; having a great range of power; -- said of an eyepiece
made adjustable so as to give a varying magnifying power.
{ Pan*crat"ic (?), Pan*crat"ic*al (?), } a. [See Pancratium.] Of or
pertaining to the pancratium; athletic. Sir T. Browne
Pan"cra*tist (?), n. An athlete; a gymnast.
||Pan*cra"ti*um (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?; a complete contest, fr. &?;
||all-powerful; &?;, &?;, all + &?; strength.]
1. (Gr. Antiq.) An athletic contest involving both boxing and
wrestling.
2. (Bot.) A genus of Old World amaryllideous bulbous plants, having a
funnel-shaped perianth with six narrow spreading lobes. The American
species are now placed in the related genus Hymenocallis.
Pan"cre*as (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;; &?;, &?;, all + &?; flesh, meat:
cf. F. pancrÈas.] (Anat.) The sweetbread, a gland connected with the
intestine of nearly all vertebrates. It is usually elongated and
light-colored, and its secretion, called the pancreatic juice, is
discharged, often together with the bile, into the upper part of the
intestines, and is a powerful aid in digestion. See Illust. of
Digestive apparatus.
Pan`cre*at"ic (?), a. [Cf. F. pancrÈatique.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining
to the pancreas; as, the pancreatic secretion, digestion, ferments.
Pancreatic juice (Physiol.), a colorless alkaline fluid secreted
intermittently by the pancreatic gland. It is one of the most important
of the digestive fluids, containing at least three distinct ferments,
trypsin, steapsin and an amylolytic ferment, by which it acts upon all
three classes of food stuffs. See Pancreas.
Pan"cre*a*tin (?), n. [See Pancreas.] (Physiol. Chem.) One of the
digestive ferments of the pancreatic juice; also, a preparation
containing such a ferment, made from the pancreas of animals, and used
in medicine as an aid to digestion.
By some the term pancreatin is restricted to the amylolytic ferment of
the pancreatic juice, by others it is applied to trypsin, and by still
others to steapsin.
Pan"cy (?), n. See Pansy. [Obs.] Dryden.
Pan"da (?), n. (Zoˆl.) A small Asiatic mammal (Ailurus fulgens) having
fine soft fur. It is related to the bears, and inhabits the mountains
of Northern India.
||Pan*da"nus (?), n. [NL., fr. Malay pandan.] (Bot.) A genus of
||endogenous plants. See Screw pine.
Pan"dar (?), n. Same as Pander. "Seized by the pandar of Appius."
Macaulay.
Pan"dar*ism (?), n. Same as Panderism. Swift.
Pan"dar*ize (?), v. i. To pander. [Obs.]
Pan"dar*ous (?), a. Panderous. [Obs.]
Pan*de"an, a. [From 4th Pan.] Of or relating to the god Pan.
Pandean pipes, a primitive wind instrument, consisting of a series of
short hollow reeds or pipes, graduated in length by the musical scale,
and fastened together side by side; a syrinx; a mouth organ; -- said to
have been invented by Pan. Called also Pan's pipes and Panpipes.
Pan"dect (?), n. [L. pandecta, pandectes, Gr. &?; all-receiving,
all-containing; &?;, &?;, all + &?; to receive: cf. F. pandectes, pl.]
1. A treatise which comprehends the whole of any science.
[Thou] a pandect mak'st, and universal book.
Donne.
2. pl. The digest, or abridgment, in fifty books, of the decisions,
writings, and opinions of the old Roman jurists, made in the sixth
century by direction of the emperor Justinian, and forming the leading
compilation of the Roman civil law. Kent.
Pan*dem"ic (?), a. [L. pandemus, Gr. &?;, &?;; &?;, &?;, all + &?; the
people: cf. F. pandÈmique.] Affecting a whole people or a number of
countries; everywhere epidemic. -- n. A pandemic disease. Harvey.
Pan`de*mo"ni*um (?), n. [NL., from Gr. &?;, &?;, all + &?; a demon.] 1.
The great hall or council chamber of demons or evil spirits. Milton.
2. An utterly lawless, riotous place or assemblage.
Pan"der (?), n. [From Pandarus, a leader in the Trojan army, who is
represented by Chaucer and Shakespeare as having procured for Troilus
the possession of Cressida.]
1. A male bawd; a pimp; a procurer.
Thou art the pander to her dishonor.
Shak.
2. Hence, one who ministers to the evil designs and passions of
another.
Those wicked panders to avarice and ambition.
Burke.
Pan"der, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pandered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Pandering.]
To play the pander for.
Pan"der, v. i. To act the part of a pander.
Pan"der*age (?), n. The act of pandering.
Pan"der*ism (?), n. The employment, arts, or practices of a pander. Bp.
Hall.
Pan"der*ly, a. Having the quality of a pander. "O, you panderly
rascals." Shak.
Pan*der"mite (?), n. [From Panderma, a port on the Black Sea from which
it is exported.] (Min.) A hydrous borate of lime, near priceite.
Pan"der*ous (?), a. Of or relating to a pander; characterizing a
pander.
Pan*dic"u*la`ted (?), a. [See Pandiculation.] Extended; spread out;
stretched.
Pan*dic`u*la"tion (?), n. [L. pandiculari to stretch one's self, fr.
pandere to spread out.] A stretching and stiffening of the trunk and
extremities, as when fatigued and drowsy.
Pan"dit (?), n. See Pundit.
Pan"door (?), n. Same as Pandour.
Pan*do"ra (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. Pandw`ra; pa^s, pa^n, all + dw^ron a
gift.] 1. (Class. Myth.) A beautiful woman (all-gifted), whom Jupiter
caused Vulcan to make out of clay in order to punish the human race,
because Prometheus had stolen the fire from heaven. Jupiter gave
Pandora a box containing all human ills, which, when the box was
opened, escaped and spread over the earth. Hope alone remained in the
box. Another version makes the box contain all the blessings of the
gods, which were lost to men when Pandora opened it.
2. (Zoˆl.) A genus of marine bivalves, in which one valve is flat, the
other convex.
Pan"dore (?), n. [F. See Bandore.] An ancient musical instrument, of
the lute kind; a bandore. [Written also pandoran.]
Pan"dour (?), n. One of a class of Hungarian mountaineers serving in
the Austrian army; -- so called from Pandur, a principal town in the
region from which they originally came. [Written also pandoor.]
Her whiskered pandours and her fierce hussars.
Campbell.
Pan*dow"dy (?), n. A deep pie or pudding made of baked apples, or of
sliced bread and apples baked together, with no bottom crust.
{ Pan"du*rate, Pan*du"ri*form (?), } a. [L. pandura a pandore + -form:
cf. F. panduriforme.] Obovate, with a concavity in each side, like the
body of a violin; fiddle-shaped; as, a panduriform leaf; panduriform
color markings of an animal.
Pane (?), n. [F. panne.] The narrow edge of a hammer head. See Peen.
Pane, n. [OE. pan part, portion of a thing, F. pan a skirt, lappet,
part or piece of a wall, side, fr. L. pannus a cloth, fillet, rag; akin
to E. vane. See Vane, and cf. Panel, Pawn pledge.] 1. A division; a
distinct piece, limited part, or compartment of any surface; a patch;
hence, a square of a checkered or plaided pattern.
2. One of the openings in a slashed garment, showing the bright colored
silk, or the like, within; hence, the piece of colored or other stuff
so shown.
3. (Arch.) (a) A compartment of a surface, or a flat space; hence, one
side or face of a building; as, an octagonal tower is said to have
eight panes. (b) Especially, in modern use, the glass in one
compartment of a window sash.
4. In irrigating, a subdivision of an irrigated surface between a
feeder and an outlet drain.
5. (a) One of the flat surfaces, or facets, of any object having
several sides. (b) One of the eight facets surrounding the table of a
brilliant cut diamond.
Paned (?), a. 1. Having panes; provided with panes; also, having
openings; as, a paned window; paned window sash. "Paned hose."
Massinger.
2. (Mach.) Having flat sides or surfaces; as, a six&?;paned nut.
Pan`e*gyr"ic (?), n. [L. panegyricus, Gr. panhgyrico`s: cf. F.
panÈgyrique. See Panegyric, a.] An oration or eulogy in praise of some
person or achievement; a formal or elaborate encomium; a laudatory
discourse; laudation. See Synonym of Eulogy.
{ Pan`e*gyr"ic (?), Pan`e*gyr"ic*al (?), } a. [L. panegyricus, Gr.
panhgyrico`s, from &?; an assembly of the people, a high festival; pa^,
pa^n all + &?;, an assembly.] Containing praise or eulogy; encomiastic;
laudatory. "Panegyric strains." Pope. -- Pan`e*gyr"ic*al*ly, adv.
Some of his odes are panegyrical.
Dryden.
Pa*neg"y*ris (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;. See Panegyric.] A festival; a
public assembly. [Obs.] S. Harris.
Pan"e*gyr`ist (?), n. [L. panegyrista, Gr. &?; one who attends a &?;:
cf. &?; to celebrate or attend a public festival, to make a set speech,
esp. a panegyric, in a public assembly. See Panegyric.] One who
delivers a panegyric; a eulogist; one who extols or praises, either by
writing or speaking.
If these panegyrists are in earnest.
Burke.
Pan"e*gy*rize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Panegyrized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Panegyrizing (?).] [Gr. &?;. See Panegyrist.] To praise highly; to
extol in a public speech; to write or deliver a panegyric upon; to
eulogize.
Pan"e*gy*rize, v. i. To indulge in panegyrics. Mitford.
Pan"e*gyr`y (?), n. A panegyric. [Obs.] Milton.
Pan"el (?), n. [Orig., a little piece; OF. panel, pannel, F. panneau,
dim. of pan skirt, lappet, part or piece of a wall, side. See 2d Pane.]
1. (Arch.) A sunken compartment with raised margins, molded or
otherwise, as in ceilings, wainscotings, etc.
<! p. 1036 !>
2. (Law) (a) A piece of parchment or a schedule, containing the names
of persons summoned as jurors by the sheriff; hence, more generally,
the whole jury. Blackstone. (b) (Scots Law) A prisoner arraigned for
trial at the bar of a criminal court. Burrill.
3. Formerly, a piece of cloth serving as a saddle; hence, a soft pad
beneath a saddletree to prevent chafing.
4. (Joinery) A board having its edges inserted in the groove of a
surrounding frame; as, the panel of a door.
5. (Masonry) One of the faces of a hewn stone. Gwilt.
6. (Painting) A slab or plank of wood upon which, instead of canvas, a
picture is painted.
7. (Mining) (a) A heap of dressed ore. (b) One of the districts divided
by pillars of extra size, into which a mine is laid off in one system
of extracting coal.
8. (Dressmaking) A plain strip or band, as of velvet or plush, placed
at intervals lengthwise on the skirt of a dress, for ornament.
9. A portion of a framed structure between adjacent posts or struts, as
in a bridge truss.
Panel game, a method of stealing money in a panel house. -- Panel
house, a house of prostitution in which the rooms have secret entrances
to facilitate theft by accomplices of the inmates. -- Panel saw,
handsaw with fine teeth, -- used for cutting out panels, etc. -- Panel
thief, one who robs in a panel house.
Pan"el (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paneled (?) or Panelled; p. pr. & vb.
n. Paneling or Panelling.] To form in or with panels; as, to panel a
wainscot.
Paneled back (Arch.), the paneled work covering the window back. See
Window back.
Pan`el*a"tion (?), n. The act of impaneling a jury. [Obs.] [Written
also panellation.] Wood.
Pane"less (?), a. Without panes.
To patch his paneless window.
Shenstone.
Pan"el*ing (?), n. A forming in panels; panelwork. [Written also
panelling.]
Pan"el*work` (?), n. (Arch.) Wainscoting.
Pan*eu"lo*gism (?), n. [See Pan-, Eulogy.] Eulogy of everything;
indiscriminate praise. [R.]
Her book has a trace of the cant of paneulogism.
National Rev.
Pan"ful (?), n.; pl. Panfuls (#). [See 5th Pan.] Enough to fill a pan.
Pang (?), n. [Prob. for older prange. Cf. Prong.] A paroxysm of extreme
pain or anguish; a sudden and transitory agony; a throe; as, the pangs
of death.
Syn. -- Agony; anguish; distress. See Agony.
Pang, v. t. To torture; to cause to have great pain or suffering; to
torment. [R.] Shak.
Pan*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Pan- + genesis.] (Biol.) An hypothesis advanced
by Darwin in explanation of heredity.
The theory rests on the assumption, that the whole organization, in the
sense of every separate atom or unit, reproduces itself, the cells
throwing off minute granules called gemmules, which circulate freely
throughout the system and multiply by subdivision. These gemmules
collect in the reproductive organs and products, or in buds, so that
the egg or bud contains gemmules from all parts of the parent or
parents, which in development give rise to cells in the offspring
similar to those from which they were given off in the parent. The
hypothesis also assumes that these gemmules need not in all cases
develop into cells, but may lie dormant, and be transmitted from
generation to generation without producing a noticeable effect until a
case of atavism occurs.
Pan`ge*net"ic (?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to pangenesis.
Pang"ful (?), a. Full of pangs. Richardson.
Pang"less, a. Without a pang; painless. Byron.
Pan"go*lin (?), n. [Malay pang&?;lang.] (Zoˆl.) Any one of several
species of Manis, Pholidotus, and related genera, found in Africa and
Asia. They are covered with imbricated scales, and feed upon ants.
Called also scaly ant-eater.
Pan*goth"ic (?), a. [Pan- + Gothic.] Of, pertaining to, or including,
all the Gothic races. "Ancestral Pangothic stock." Earle.
Pan`hel*len"ic (?), a. [See Panhellenium.] Of or pertaining to all
Greece, or to Panhellenism; including all Greece, or all the Greeks.
Pan*hel"len*ism (?), n. A scheme to unite all the Greeks in one
political body.
Pan*hel"len*ist, n. An advocate of Panhellenism.
Pan`hel*le"ni*um (?), n. [NL., from Gr. &?;; &?;, &?;, all + &?; the
Greeks.] (Gr. Antiq.) An assembly or association of Greeks from all the
states of Greece.
Pan"ic (?), n. [L. panicum.] (Bot.) A plant of the genus Panicum; panic
grass; also, the edible grain of some species of panic grass.
Panic grass (Bot.), any grass of the genus Panicum.
Pan"ic, a. [Gr. &?; of or pertaining to &?; Pan, to whom the causing of
sudden fright was ascribed: cf. F. panique.] Extreme or sudden and
causeless; unreasonable; - - said of fear or fright; as, panic fear,
terror, alarm. "A panic fright." Dryden.
Pan"ic, n. [Gr. &?; (with or without &?; fear): cf. F. panigue. See
Panic, a.] 1. A sudden, overpowering fright; esp., a sudden and
groundless fright; terror inspired by a trifling cause or a
misapprehension of danger; as, the troops were seized with a panic;
they fled in a panic.
2. By extension: A sudden widespread fright or apprehension concerning
financial affairs.
Pan"ic*al (?), a. See Panic, a. [Obs.] Camden.
Pan"i*cle (?), n. [L. panicula a tuft on plants, dim. of panus the
thread wound upon the bobbin in a shuttle; cf. Gr. &?;, &?;; prob. akin
to E. pane: cf. F. panicule. See 2d Pane.] (Bot.) A pyramidal form of
inflorescence, in which the cluster is loosely branched below and
gradually simpler toward the end.
Pan"i*cled (?), a. (Bot.) Furnished with panicles; arranged in, or
like, panicles; paniculate.
{ Pan"ic-strick`en (?), Pan"ic-struck` (?) }, a. Struck with a panic,
or sudden fear. Burke.
{ Pa*nic"u*late (?), Pa*nic"u*la`ted (?), } a. [See Panicle.] (Bot)
Same as Panicled.
||Pan"i*cum (?), n. [L., panic grass.] (Bot.) A genus of grasses,
||including several hundred species, some of which are valuable; panic
||grass.
Pan*id`i*o*mor"phic (?), a. [Pan- + idiomorphic.] (Geol.) Having a
completely idiomorphic structure; -- said of certain rocks.
Pan"ier (?), n. See Pannier, 3. [Obs.]
Pan`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L. panis bread + -ficare (in comp.) to make:
cf. F. panification.] The act or process of making bread. Ure.
Pa"nim (?), n. See Painim. [Obs.] Milton.
Pan*is"lam*ism (?), n. [Pan- + Islamism.] A desire or plan for the
union of all Mohammedan nations for the conquest of the world.
Pa*niv"o*rous (?), a. [L. panis bread + vorare to devour.] Eating
bread; subsisting on bread.
Pan*nade" (?), n. The curvet of a horse.
Pan"nage (?), n. [OF. pasnage, LL. pasnadium, pastinaticum, fr.
pastionare to feed on mast, as swine, fr. L. pastio a pasturing,
grazing. See Pastor.] (O. Eng. Law) (a) The food of swine in the woods,
as beechnuts, acorns, etc.; -- called also pawns. (b) A tax paid for
the privilege of feeding swine in the woods.
Pan"na*ry (?), a. See Panary. Loudon.
Pan"nel (?), n. [See Panel.] 1. A kind of rustic saddle. Tusser.
2. (Falconry) The stomach of a hawk. Ainsworth.
3. (Mil.) A carriage for conveying a mortar and its bed, on a march.
Farrow.
Pan"nier (?), n. [F. panier, fr. L. panarium a bread basket, fr. panis
bread. Cf. Pantry.] 1. A bread basket; also, a wicker basket (used
commonly in pairs) for carrying fruit or other things on a horse or an
ass Hudibras.
2. (Mil. Antiq.) A shield of basket work formerly used by archers as a
shelter from the enemy's missiles.
3. A table waiter at the Inns of Court, London.
4. A framework of steel or whalebone, worn by women to expand their
dresses; a kind of bustle.
Pan"niered (?), a. Bearing panniers. Wordsworth.
Pan"ni*kel (?), n. [See Pan a dish.] The brainpan, or skull; hence, the
crest. [Obs.] Spenser.
Pan"ni*kin (?), n. [Dim. of pan a dish.] A small pan or cup. Marryat.
Thackeray.
Pan"nose` (?), a. [See Pannus.] (Bot.) Similar in texture or appearance
to felt or woolen cloth.
||Pan"nus (?), n. [L., cloth. See 2d Pane.] (Med.) A very vascular
||superficial opacity of the cornea, usually caused by granulation of
||the eyelids. Foster.
Pan`o*is"tic (?), a. [Pan- + Gr. &?; an egg.] (Zoˆl.) Producing ova
only; -- said of the ovaries of certain insects which do not produce
vitelligenous cells.
Pan`om*phe"an (?), a. [L. panomphaeus, Gr. &?;.] Uttering ominous or
prophetic voices; divining. [R.]
We want no half gods, panomphean Joves.
Mrs. Browning.
Pan"o*plied (?), a. Dressed in panoply.
Pan"o*ply (?), n. [Gr. &?;; &?;, &?;, all + &?; tool, implement, in
pl., armor, arms.] Defensive armor in general; a full suit of defensive
armor. Milton.
We had need to take the Christian panoply, to put on the whole
armor of God.
Ray.
Pa*nop"ti*con (?), n. [NL. See Pan- , and Optic.]
1. A prison so contructed that the inspector can see each of the
prisoners at all times, without being seen.
2. A room for the exhibition of novelties.
Pan`o*ra"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, all + &?; that which is
seen, a view, fr. &?; to see. See Pan- , and Wary.]
1. A complete view in every direction.
2. A picture presenting a view of objects in every direction, as from a
central point.
3. A picture representing scenes too extended to be beheld at once, and
so exhibited a part at a time, by being unrolled, and made to pass
continuously before the spectator.
{ Pan`o*ram"ic (?), Pan`o*ram"ic*al (?), } a. Of, pertaining to, or
like, a panorama.
Panoramic camera. See under Camera.
Pa*nor"pi*an (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Like, or pertaining to, the genus Panorpa.
-- n. Same as Panorpid.
Pa*nor"pid (?), n. (Zoˆl.) Any neuropterous insect of the genus
Panorpa, and allied genera. The larvÊ feed on plant lice.
Pan*phar"ma*con (?), n. [NL. See Pan- , and Pharmacon.] A medicine for
all diseases; a panacea. [R.]
Pan`pres`by*te"ri*an (?), a. [Pan- + Presbyterian.] Belonging to, or
representative of, those who hold Presbyterian views in all parts of
the world; as, a Panpresbyterian council.
{ Pan`sclav"ic (?), Pan`sclav"ism (?), Pan`sclav"ist, Pan`scla*vo"ni*an
(?) }. See Panslavic, Panslavism, etc.
Pan"shon (?), n. An earthen vessel wider at the top than at the bottom,
-- used for holding milk and for various other purposes. [Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
Pan"sied (?), a. [From Pansy.] Covered or adorned with pansies. "The
pansied grounds." Darwin.
Pan`slav"ic (?), a. [Pan- + Slavic.] Pertaining to all the Slavic
races.
Pan`slav"ism (?), n. A scheme or desire to unite all the Slavic races
into one confederacy.
Pan`slav"ist (?), n. One who favors Panslavism.
Pan`sla*vo"ni*an (?), a. See Panslavic.
Pan*soph"ic*al (?), a. [See Pansophy.] All-wise; claiming universal
knowledge; as, pansophical pretenders. [R.] John Worthington.
Pan"so*phy (?), n. [Pan- + Gr. &?; wisdom, &?; wise: cf. F. pansophie.]
Universal wisdom; esp., a system of universal knowledge proposed by
Comenius (1592 -- 1671), a Moravian educator. [R.] Hartlib.
{ Pan*sper"ma*tist (?), Pan"sper`mist (?), } n. (Biol.) A believer in
panspermy; one who rejects the theory of spontaneous generation; a
biogenist.
Pan`sper"mic (?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to panspermy; as, the
panspermic hypothesis.
Pan"sper`my (?), n. [Pan- + Gr. &?; a seed.] (Biol.) (a) The doctrine
of the widespread distribution of germs, from which under favorable
circumstances bacteria, vibrios, etc., may develop. (b) The doctrine
that all organisms must come from living parents; biogenesis; -- the
opposite of spontaneous generation.
Pan*ste`re*o*ra"ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, all + &?; solid +
&?; a view.] A model of a town or country, in relief, executed in wood,
cork, pasteboard, or the like. Brande & C.
Pan"sy (?), n.; pl. Pansies (#). [F. PensÈe thought, pansy, fr. penser
to think, L. pensare to weigh, ponder. See Pensive.] (Bot.) A plant of
the genus Viola (V. tricolor) and its blossom, originally purple and
yellow. Cultivated varieties have very large flowers of a great
diversity of colors. Called also heart's-ease, love-in-idleness, and
many other quaint names.
Pant (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Panted; p. pr. & vb. n. Panting.] [Cf. F.
panteler to gasp for breath, OF. panteisier to be breathless, F.
pantois out of breath; perh. akin to E. phantom, the verb prob. orig.
meaning, to have the nightmare.] 1. To breathe quickly or in a labored
manner, as after exertion or from eagerness or excitement; to respire
with heaving of the breast; to gasp.
Pluto plants for breath from out his cell.
Dryden.
2. Hence: To long eagerly; to desire earnestly.
As the hart panteth after the water brooks.
Ps. xlii. 1.
Who pants for glory finds but short repose.
Pope.
3. To beat with unnatural violence or rapidity; to palpitate, or throb;
-- said of the heart. Spenser.
4. To sigh; to flutter; to languish. [Poetic]
The whispering breeze Pants on the leaves, and dies upon the trees.
Pope.
Pant, v. t. 1. To breathe forth quickly or in a labored manner; to gasp
out.
There is a cavern where my spirit Was panted forth in anguish.
Shelley.
2. To long for; to be eager after. [R.]
Then shall our hearts pant thee.
Herbert.
Pant, n. 1. A quick breathing; a catching of the breath; a gasp.
Drayton.
2. A violent palpitation of the heart. Shak.
Pan"ta- (?). See Pan-.
Pan"ta*ble (?), n. See Pantofle. [Obs.]
Pan"ta*cosm (?), n. [Panta- + Gr. ko`smos universe.] See Cosmolabe.
Pan"ta*graph (?), n. See Pantograph.
Pan*tag"ru*el*ism (?), n. [From Pantagruel, one of the characters of
Rabelais.] 1. The theory or practice of the medical profession; -- used
in burlesque or ridicule.
2. An assumption of buffoonery to cover some serious purpose. [R.]
Donaldson.
Pan`ta*let" (?), n. [Dim. of pantaloon.] One of the legs of the loose
drawers worn by children and women; particularly, the lower part of
such a garment, coming below the knee, often made in a separate piece;
-- chiefly in the plural.
Pan`ta*loon" (?), n. [F. pantalon, fr. It. pantalone, a masked
character in the Italian comedy, who wore breeches and stockings that
were all of one piece, from Pantaleone, the patron saint of Venice,
which, as a baptismal name, is very frequent among the Venetians, and
is applied to them by the other Italians as a nickname, fr. Gr. &?;,
lit., all lion, a Greek personal name.] 1. A ridiculous character, or
an old dotard, in the Italian comedy; also, a buffoon in pantomimes.
Addison.
The sixth age shifts Into the lean and slippered pantaloon.
Shak.
2. pl. A bifurcated garment for a man, covering the body from the waist
downwards, and consisting of breeches and stockings in one.
3. pl. In recent times, same as Trousers.
Pan`ta*loon"er*y (?), n. 1. The character or performances of a
pantaloon; buffoonery. [R.] Lamb.
2. Materials for pantaloons.
Pan"ta*morph (?), n. That which assumes, or exists in, all forms.
Pan`ta*mor"phic (?), a. [Panta- + Gr. &?; form.] Taking all forms.
Pan"ta*scope (?), n. [Panta- + -scope.] (Photog.) A pantascopic camera.
Pan`ta*scop"ic (?), a. Viewing all; taking a view of the whole. See
under Camera.
<! p. 1037 !>
||Pan`ta*stom"a*ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, &?;, all + &?;, &?;,
||mouth.] (Zoˆl.) One of the divisions of Flagellata, including the
||monads and allied forms.
Pan*tech"ni*con (?), n. [NL. See Pan- , and Technic.] A depository or
place where all sorts of manufactured articles are collected for sale.
Pan*tel"e*graph (?), n. [Pan- + telegraph.] See under Telegraph.
Pant"er (?), n. One who pants. Congreve.
Pan"ter (?), n.[F. panetier. See Pantry.] A keeper of the pantry; a
pantler. [Obs.] Tyndale.
Pan"ter, n. [See Painter a rope.] A net; a noose. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Pan`teu*ton"ic (?), a. [Pan- + Teutonic.] Of or pertaining to all the
Teutonic races.
Pan"the*ism (?), n. [Pan- + theism.] The doctrine that the universe,
taken or conceived of as a whole, is God; the doctrine that there is no
God but the combined force and laws which are manifested in the
existing universe; cosmotheism.
Pan"the*ist, n. One who holds to pantheism.
{ Pan`the*is"tic (?), Pan`the*is"tic*al (?), } a. Of or pertaining to
pantheism; founded in, or leading to, pantheism. --
Pan`the*is"tic*al*ly, adv.
Pan`the*ol"o*gist (?), n. One versed in pantheology.
Pan`the*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Pan- + theology.] A system of theology
embracing all religions; a complete system of theology.
Pan*the"on (?), n. [L. pantheon, pantheum, Gr. &?; (sc. &?;), fr. &?;
of all gods; &?;, &?;, all + &?; a god: cf. F. panthÈon. See Pan-, and
Theism.] 1. A temple dedicated to all the gods; especially, the
building so called at Rome.
2. The collective gods of a people, or a work treating of them; as, a
divinity of the Greek pantheon.
Pan"ther (?), n. [OE. pantere, F. panthËre, L. panthera, Gr. &?;, prob.
fr. Skr. pundrka a tiger.]
1. (Zoˆl.) A large dark-colored variety of the leopard, by some
zoˆlogists considered a distinct species. It is marked with large
ringlike spots, the centers of which are darker than the color of the
body.
2. (Zoˆl.) In America, the name is applied to the puma, or cougar, and
sometimes to the jaguar.
Panther cat (Zoˆl.), the ocelot. -- Panther cowry (Zoˆl.), a spotted
East Indian cowry (CyprÊa pantherina); -- so called from its color.
Pan"ther*ess, n. (Zoˆl.) A female panther.
Pan"ther*ine (?), a. Like a panther, esp. in color; as, the pantherine
snake (Ptyas mucosus) of Brazil.
Pan"tile` (?), n. [5th pan + tile.] (Arch.) A roofing tile, of peculiar
form, having a transverse section resembling an elongated S laid on its
side (&?;).
Pant"ing*ly (?), adv. With palpitation or rapid breathing. Shak.
Pan`ti*soc"ra*cy (?), n. [Panto- + Gr. &?; equal + &?; to rule.] A
Utopian community, in which all should rule equally, such as was
devised by Coleridge, Lovell, and Southey, in their younger days.
Pan*tis"o*crat (?), n. A pantisocratist.
Pan`ti*so*crat"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a pantisocracy.
Pan`ti*soc"ra*tist (?), n. One who favors or supports the theory of a
pantisocracy. Macaulay.
Pan"tler (?), n. [F. panetier. See Panter, Pantry.] The servant or
officer, in a great family, who has charge of the bread and the pantry.
[Obs.] Shak.
Pan"to- (?). See Pan-.
Pan`to*chro*nom"e*ter (?), n. [Panto- + chronometer.] An instrument
combining a compass, sundial, and universal time dial. Brande & C.
Pan*to"fle (?), n. [F. pantoufle.] A slipper for the foot. [Written
also pantable and pantoble.]
Pan"to*graph (?), n. [Panto- + -graph: cf. F. pantographe.] An
instrument for copying plans, maps, and other drawings, on the same, or
on a reduced or an enlarged, scale. [Written also pantagraph, and
incorrectly pentagraph.]
Skew pantograph, a kind of pantograph for drawing a copy which is
inclined with respect to the original figure; -- also called
plagiograph.
{ Pan`to*graph"ic (?), Pan`to*graph"ic*al (?) }, a. [Cf. F.
pantographique.] Of or pertaining to a pantograph; relating to
pantography.
Pan*tog"ra*phy (?), n. [Cf. F. pantographie.] A general description;
entire view of an object.
Pan`to*log"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to pantology.
Pan*tol"o*gist (?), n. One versed in pantology; a writer of pantology.
Pan*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Panto- + -logy.] A systematic view of all
branches of human knowledge; a work of universal information.
Pan*tom"e*ter (?), n. [Panto- + -meter: cf. F. pantomËtre.] An
instrument for measuring angles for determining elevations, distances,
etc.
Pan*tom"e*try (?), n. Universal measurement. [R.] -- Pan`to*met"ric
(#), a. [R.]
Pan"to*mime (?), n. [F., fr. L. pantomimus, Gr. &?;, lit.,
all-imitating; &?;, &?;, all + &?; to imitate: cf. It. pantomimo. See
Mimic.] 1. A universal mimic; an actor who assumes many parts; also,
any actor. [Obs.]
2. One who acts his part by gesticulation or dumb show only, without
speaking; a pantomimist.
[He] saw a pantomime perform so well that he could follow the
performance from the action alone.
Tylor.
3. A dramatic representation by actors who use only dumb show; hence,
dumb show, generally.
4. A dramatic and spectacular entertainment of which dumb acting as
well as burlesque dialogue, music, and dancing by Clown, Harlequin,
etc., are features.
Pan"to*mime, a. Representing only in mute actions; pantomimic; as, a
pantomime dance.
{ Pan`to*mim"ic (?), Pan`to*mim"ic*al (?), } a. [Cf. F. pantomimique.]
Of or pertaining to the pantomime; representing by dumb show.
"Pantomimic gesture." Bp. Warburton. -- Pan`to*mim"ic*al*ly, adv.
Pan"to*mi`mist (?), n. An actor in pantomime; also, a composer of
pantomimes.
Pan"ton (?), n. [F. patin. See Patten.] (Far.) A horseshoe to correct a
narrow, hoofbound heel.
Pan*toph"a*gist (?), n. [See Pantophagous.] A person or an animal that
has the habit of eating all kinds of food.
Pan*toph"a*gous (?), a. [Gr. &?;; &?;, &?;, all + &?; to eat.] Eating
all kinds of food.
Pan*toph"a*gy (?), n. [Gr. &?;.] The habit or power of eating all kinds
of food.
||Pan*top"o*da (?), n. pl. [NL. See Panto-, & -poda.] (Zoˆl.) Same as
||Pycnogonida.
Pan`to*scop"ic (?), a. [Panto- + -scope + -ic.] Literally, seeing
everything; -- a term applied to eyeglasses or spectacles divided into
two segments, the upper being designed for distant vision, the lower
for vision of near objects.
Pan"try (?), n.; pl. Pantries (#). [OE. pantrie, F. paneterie, fr.
panetier pantler, LL. panetarius baker, panetus small loaf of bread, L.
panis bread. Cf. Company, Pannier, Pantler.] An apartment or closet in
which bread and other provisions are kept.
Pan*ur"gic (?), a. [Cf. Gr. &?; knavish.] Skilled in all kinds of work.
"The panurgic Diderot." J. Morley.
Pan"ur*gy (?), n. [Gr. &?;, fr. &?;, properly, ready to do anything;
hence, knavish, roguish; &?;, &?;, all + &?; work.] Skill in all kinds
of work or business; craft. [R.] Bailey.
Pan"yard (?), n. See Pannier. [Obs.] Pepys.
Pa"nym (?), n. & a. See Panim. [Obs.]
Pan*zo"ism (?), n. [Pan- + Gr. &?; an animal.] (Biol.) A term used to
denote all of the elements or factors which constitute vitality or
vital energy. H. Spencer.
||Pa"o*lo (?), n. [It. Cf. Paul.] An old Italian silver coin, worth
||about ten cents.
Pap (?), n. [Cf. OSw. papp. Cf. Pap soft food.]
1. (Anat.) A nipple; a mammilla; a teat. Dryden.
The paps which thou hast sucked.
Luke xi. 27.
2. A rounded, nipplelike hill or peak; anything resembling a nipple in
shape; a mamelon. Macaulay.
Pap, n. [Cf. D. pap, G. pappe, both perh. fr. L. papa, pappa, the word
with which infants call for food: cf. It. pappa.] 1. A soft food for
infants, made of bread boiled or softtened in milk or water.
2. Nourishment or support from official patronage; as, treasury pap.
[Colloq. & Contemptuous]
3. The pulp of fruit. Ainsworth.
Pap, v. t. To feed with pap. Beau. & Fl.
Pa*pa" (?), n. [F. papa, L. papa; cf. Gr. &?;, &?;, a child's word
meaning father. Cf. Pope.]
1. A child's word for father.
2. A parish priest in the Greek Church. Shipley.
Pa`pa*bo"te (?), n. [Probably of Creole origin.] (Zoˆl.) The upland
plover. [Local, U. S.]
Pa"pa*cy (?), n. [LL. papatia, fr. L. papa a father, bishop. See Pope.]
1. The office and dignity of the pope, or pontiff, of Rome; papal
jurisdiction.
2. The popes, collectively; the succession of popes.
3. The Roman Catholic religion; -- commonly used by the opponents of
the Roman Catholics in disparagement or in an opprobrious sense.
Pap"a*gay (?), n. (Zoˆl.) See Popinjay, 1 (b).
Pa*pa"in (?), n. [From Papaw.] (Physiol. Chem.) A proteolytic ferment,
like trypsin, present in the juice of the green fruit of the papaw
(Carica Papaya) of tropical America.
Pa"pal (?), a. [F., fr. L. papa bishop. See Papacy.]
1. Of or pertaining to the pope of Rome; proceeding from the pope;
ordered or pronounced by the pope; as, papal jurisdiction; a papal
edict; the papal benediction. Milman.
2. Of or pertaining to the Roman Catholic Church. "Papal Christians."
Bp. Burnet.
Papal cross. See Illust. 3 of Cross. -- Papal crown, the tiara.
Pa"pal*ist (?), n. A papist. [Obs.] Baxter.
Pa*pal"i*ty (?), n. [LL. papalitas: cf. F. papautÈ.] The papacy. [Obs.]
Ld. Berners. Milton.
Pa"pal*ize (?), v. t. To make papal. [R.]
Pa"pal*ize, v. i. To conform to popery. Cowper.
Pa"pal*ly, adv. In a papal manner; popishly
Pa"pal*ty (?), n. The papacy. [Obs.] Milton.
Pa`pa*pho"bi*a (?), n. [NL., fr. L. papa bishop + Gr. &?; to fear.]
Intense fear or dread of the pope, or of the Roman Catholic Church.
[R.]
Pa"par*chy (?), n. [L. papa bishop + -archy.] Government by a pope;
papal rule.
||Pa*pa"ver (?), n. [L., poppy.] (Bot.) A genus of plants, including
||the poppy.
Pa*pav`er*a"ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a
natural order of plants (PapaveraceÊ) of which the poppy, the
celandine, and the bloodroot are well-known examples.
Pa*pav"er*ine (?), n. (Chem.) An alkaloid found in opium. It has a
weaker therapeutic action than morphine.
Pa*pav"er*ous (?), a. Of or pertaining to the poppy; of the nature of
the poppy. Sir T. Browne.
Pa*paw" (?), n. [Prob. from the native name in the West Indies; cf. Sp.
papayo papaw, papaya the fruit of the papaw.] [Written also pawpaw.] 1.
(Bot.) A tree (Carica Papaya) of tropical America, belonging to the
order PassifloreÊ. It has a soft, spongy stem, eighteen or twenty feet
high, crowned with a tuft of large, long-stalked, palmately lobed
leaves. The milky juice of the plant is said to have the property of
making meat tender. Also, its dull orange-colored, melon-shaped fruit,
which is eaten both raw and cooked or pickled.
2. (Bot.) A tree of the genus Asimina (A. triloba), growing in the
western and southern parts of the United States, and producing a sweet
edible fruit; also, the fruit itself. Gray.
Pap"boat` (?), n. 1. A kind of sauce boat or dish.
2. (Zoˆl.) A large spiral East Indian marine shell (Turbinella rapha);
-- so called because used by native priests to hold the oil for
anointing.
Pape (?), n. [Cf. F. pape, fr. L. papa. See Pope.] A spiritual father;
specifically, the pope. [Obs.]
Pa"pe*jay (?), n. A popinjay. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Pa"per (?), n. [F. papier, fr. L. papyrus papyrus, from which the
Egyptians made a kind of paper, Gr. &?;. Cf. Papyrus.] 1. A substance
in the form of thin sheets or leaves intended to be written or printed
on, or to be used in wrapping. It is made of rags, straw, bark, wood,
or other fibrous material, which is first reduced to pulp, then molded,
pressed, and dried.
2. A sheet, leaf, or piece of such substance.
3. A printed or written instrument; a document, essay, or the like; a
writing; as, a paper read before a scientific society.
They brought a paper to me to be signed.
Dryden.
4. A printed sheet appearing periodically; a newspaper; a journal; as,
a daily paper.
5. Negotiable evidences of indebtedness; notes; bills of exchange, and
the like; as, the bank holds a large amount of his paper.
6. Decorated hangings or coverings for walls, made of paper. See Paper
hangings, below.
7. A paper containing (usually) a definite quantity; as, a paper of
pins, tacks, opium, etc.
8. A medicinal preparation spread upon paper, intended for external
application; as, cantharides paper.
Paper is manufactured in sheets, the trade names of which, together
with the regular sizes in inches, are shown in the following table. But
paper makers vary the size somewhat.
In the manufacture of books, etc., a sheet, of whatever size
originally, is termed, when folded once, a folio; folded twice, a
quarto, or 4to; three times, an octavo, or 8vo; four times, a
sextodecimo, or 16mo; five times, a 32mo; three times, with an offcut
folded twice and set in, a duodecimo, or 12mo; four times, with an
offcut folded three times and set in, a 24mo.
<! p. 1038 !>
Paper is often used adjectively or in combination, having commonly an
obvious signification; as, paper cutter or paper-cutter; paper knife,
paper-knife, or paperknife; paper maker, paper-maker, or papermaker;
paper mill or paper-mill; paper weight, paper-weight, or paperweight,
etc.
Business paper, checks, notes, drafts, etc., given in payment of actual
indebtedness; -- opposed to accommodation paper. -- Fly paper, paper
covered with a sticky preparation, -- used for catching flies. -- Laid
paper. See under Laid. -- Paper birch (Bot.), the canoe birch tree
(Betula papyracea). -- Paper blockade, an ineffective blockade, as by a
weak naval force. -- Paper boat (Naut.), a boat made of water-proof
paper. -- Paper car wheel (Railroad), a car wheel having a steel tire,
and a center formed of compressed paper held between two plate- iron
disks. Forney. -- Paper credit, credit founded upon evidences of debt,
such as promissory notes, duebills, etc. -- Paper hanger, one who
covers walls with paper hangings. -- Paper hangings, paper printed with
colored figures, or otherwise made ornamental, prepared to be pasted
against the walls of apartments, etc.; wall paper. -- Paper house, an
audience composed of people who have come in on free passes. [Cant] --
Paper money, notes or bills, usually issued by government or by a
banking corporation, promising payment of money, and circulated as the
representative of coin. -- Paper mulberry. (Bot.) See under Mulberry.
-- Paper muslin, glazed muslin, used for linings, etc. -- Paper
nautilus. (Zoˆl.) See Argonauta. -- Paper reed (Bot.), the papyrus. - -
Paper sailor. (Zoˆl.) See Argonauta. -- Paper stainer, one who colors
or stamps wall paper. De Colange. -- Paper wasp (Zoˆl.), any wasp which
makes a nest of paperlike material, as the yellow jacket. -- Paper
weight, any object used as a weight to prevent loose papers from being
displaced by wind, or otherwise. -- Parchment paper. See Papyrine. --
Tissue paper, thin, gauzelike paper, such as is used to protect
engravings in books. -- Wall paper. Same as Paper hangings, above. --
Waste paper, paper thrown aside as worthless or useless, except for
uses of little account. -- Wove paper, a writing paper with a uniform
surface, not ribbed or watermarked.
Pa"per (?), a. Of or pertaining to paper; made of paper; resembling
paper; existing only on paper; unsubstantial; as, a paper box; a paper
army.
Pa"per, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Papered(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Papering.] 1.
To cover with paper; to furnish with paper hangings; as, to paper a
room or a house.
2. To fold or inclose in paper.
3. To put on paper; to make a memorandum of. [Obs.]
Pa"per*weight` (?), n. See under Paper, n.
Pa"per*y (?), a. Like paper; having the thinness or consistence of
paper. Gray.
Pa*pes"cent (?), a. [From Pap soft food.] Containing or producing pap;
like pap. [R.] Arbuthnot.
Pa"pess (?), n. [F. papesse.] A female pope; i. e., the fictitious pope
Joan. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
||Pa`pe*terie" (?), n. [F., paper manufacture, fr. papier paper.] A
||case or box containing paper and materials for writing.
Pa"phi*an (?), a. [L. Paphius, Gr. &?;, from &?; the city Paphos.] Of
or pertaining to Paphos, an ancient city of Cyprus, having a celebrated
temple of Venus; hence, pertaining to Venus, or her rites.
Pa"phi*an, n. A native or inhabitant of Paphos.
||Pa`pier"-ma`chÈ" (?), n. [F. papier m‚chÈ, lit., chewed or mashed
||paper.] A hard and strong substance made of a pulp from paper, mixed
||with sise or glue, etc. It is formed into various articles, usually
||by means of molds.
||Pa*pil"i*o (?), n. [L., a butterfly.] (Zoˆl.) A genus of butterflies.
Formerly it included numerous species which are now placed in other
genera. By many writers it is now restricted to the swallow- tailed
butterflies, like Papilio polyxenes, or asterias, and related species.
Pa*pil`io*na"ceous (?), a. 1. Resembling the butterfly.
2. (Bot.) (a) Having a winged corolla somewhat resembling a butterfly,
as in the blossoms of the bean and pea. (b) Belonging to that suborder
of leguminous plants (PapilionaceÊ) which includes the bean, pea,
vetch, clover, and locust.
||Pa*pil`i*o"nes (?), n. pl. [NL. See Papilio.] (Zoˆl.) The division of
||Lepidoptera which includes the butterflies.
||Pa*pil`i*on"i*des (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zoˆl.) The typical butterflies.
Pa*pil"la (?), n.; pl. PapillÊ (#). [L., a nipple, pimple.] Any minute
nipplelike projection; as, the papillÊ of the tongue.
Pap"il*lar (?), a. [Cf. F. papillaire.] Same as Papillose.
Pap"il*la*ry (?), a. [Cf. F. papillaire.] Of, pertaining to, or
resembling, a papilla or papillÊ; bearing, or covered with, papillÊ;
papillose.
Pap"il*late (?), v. t. & i. To cover with papillÊ; to take the form of
a papilla, or of papillÊ.
Pap"il*late (?), a. Same as Papillose.
Pa*pil"li*form (?), a. [Papilla + -form.] Shaped like a papilla;
mammilliform.
||Pap`il*lo"ma (?), n.; pl. Papillomata (#). [NL. See Papilla, and -
||Oma.] (Med.) A tumor formed by hypertrophy of the papillÊ of the skin
||or mucous membrane, as a corn or a wart. Quain.
Pap`il*lo"ma*tous (?), a. (Med.) Of, pertaining to, or consisting of,
papillomata.
Pap"il*lose` (?), a. [Cf. F. papilleux.] Covered with, or bearing,
papillÊ; resembling papillÊ; papillate; papillar; papillary.
Pap"il*lote (?), n. [F., fr. papillon a butterfly.] a small piece of
paper on which women roll up their hair to make it curl; a curl paper.
Pap"il*lous (?), a. Papillary; papillose.
Pa*pil"lu*late (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Having a minute papilla in the center of
a larger elevation or depression.
Pa"pi*on (?), n. [Prob. from native name: cf. Sp. papion.] (Zoˆl.) A
West African baboon (Cynocephalus sphinx), allied to the chacma. Its
color is generally chestnut, varying in tint.
Pa"pism (?), n. [F. papisme. See Pape, Pope.] Popery; -- an offensive
term. Milton.
Pa"pist (?), n. [F. papiste. See Pape, Pope.] A Roman catholic; one who
adheres to the Church of Rome and the authority of the pope; -- an
offensive designation applied to Roman Catholics by their opponents.
{ Pa*pis"tic (?), Pa*pis"tic*al (?), } a. [Cf. F. papistique.] Of or
pertaining to the Church of Rome and its doctrines and ceremonies;
pertaining to popery; popish; -- used disparagingly. "The old papistic
worship." T. Warton. -- Pa*pis"tic*al*ly, adv.
Pa"pist*ry (?), n. The doctrine and ceremonies of the Church of Rome;
popery. [R.] Whitgift.
Pa"pized (?), a. [From Pape.] Conformed to popery. [Obs.] "Papized
writers." Fuller.
Pa*poose" (?), n. A babe or young child of Indian parentage in North
America.
Pap"pi*form (?), a. (Bot.) Resembling the pappus of composite plants.
Pap*poose" (?), n. Same as Papoose.
Pappoose root. (Bot.) See Cohosh.
Pap*pose" (?), a. (Bot.) Furnished with a pappus; downy.
Pap"pous (?), a. (Bot.) Pappose.
Pap"pus (?), n. [L., an old man or grandfather; hence, a substance
resembling gray hairs, Gr. &?;.] (Bot.) The hairy or feathery appendage
of the achenes of thistles, dandelions, and most other plants of the
order CompositÊ; also, the scales, awns, or bristles which represent
the calyx in other plants of the same order.
Pap"py (?), a. [From Pap soft food.] Like pap; soft; succulent; tender.
Ray.
Pap"u*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Papua.
Pap"u*ars (?), n. pl.; sing. Papuan (&?;). (Ethnol.) The native black
race of Papua or New Guinea, and the adjacent islands.
||Pap"u*la (?), n.; pl. PapulÊ (#). [L.]
1. (Med.) A pimple; a small, usually conical, elevation of the cuticle,
produced by congestion, accumulated secretion, or hypertrophy of
tissue; a papule. Quain.
2. (Zoˆl.) One of the numerous small hollow processes of the integument
between the plates of starfishes.
Pap"u*lar (?), a. 1. Covered with papules.
2. (Med.) Consisting of papules; characterized by the presence of
papules; as, a papular eruption.
Pap"ule (?), n.; pl. Papules (&?;). Same as Papula.
Pap"u*lose` (?), a. (Biol.) Having papulÊ; papillose; as, a papulose
leaf.
Pap"u*lous (?), a. [Cf. F. pap&?;leux.] Covered with, or characterized
by, papulÊ; papulose.
Pap`y*ra"ceous (?), a. [L. papyraceus made of papyrus.] Made of
papyrus; of the consistency of paper; papery.
Pa*pyr"e*an (?), a. Of or pertaining to papyrus, or to paper;
papyraceous.
Pap"y*rine (?), n. [Cf. F. papyrin made of paper. See Paper.] Imitation
parchment, made by soaking unsized paper in dilute sulphuric acid.
Pa*pyr"o*graph (?), n. [Papyrus + -graph.] An apparatus for multiplying
writings, drawings, etc., in which a paper stencil, formed by writing
or drawing with corrosive ink, is used. The word is also used of other
means of multiplying copies of writings, drawings, etc. See Copygraph,
Hectograph, Manifold.
Pap`y*rog"ra*phy (?), n. The process of multiplying copies of writings,
etc., by means of the papyrograph. -- Pap`y*ro*graph"ic (#), a.
Pa*py"rus (?), n.; pl. Papyri (#). [L., fr. Gr. &?;. See Paper.] 1.
(Bot.) A tall rushlike plant (Cyperus Papyrus) of the Sedge family,
formerly growing in Egypt, and now found in Abyssinia, Syria, Sicily,
etc. The stem is triangular and about an inch thick.
2. The material upon which the ancient Egyptians wrote. It was formed
by cutting the stem of the plant into thin longitudinal slices, which
were gummed together and pressed.
3. A manuscript written on papyrus; esp., pl., written scrolls made of
papyrus; as, the papyri of Egypt or Herculaneum.
P‚que (?), n. [F. p‚que.] See Pasch and Easter.
Par (?), n. (Zoˆl.) See Parr.
Par, prep. [F., fr. L. per. See Per.] By; with; -- used frequently in
Early English in phrases taken from the French, being sometimes written
as a part of the word which it governs; as, par amour, or paramour; par
cas, or parcase; par fay, or parfay.
Par (?), n. [L. par, adj., equal. See Peer an equal.]
1. Equal value; equality of nominal and actual value; the value
expressed on the face or in the words of a certificate of value, as a
bond or other commercial paper.
2. Equality of condition or circumstances.
At par, at the original price; neither at a discount nor at a premium.
-- Above par, at a premium. -- Below par, at a discount. -- On a par,
on a level; in the same condition, circumstances, position, rank, etc.;
as, their pretensions are on a par; his ability is on a par with his
ambition. -- Par of exchange. See under Exchange. -- Par value, nominal
value; face value.
Par"a- (?). [Gr. para` beside; prob. akin to E. for- in forgive. Cf.
For-.] 1. A prefix signifying alongside of, beside, beyond, against,
amiss; as parable, literally, a placing beside; paradox, that which is
contrary to opinion; parachronism.
2. (Chem.) A prefix denoting: (a) Likeness, similarity, or connection,
or that the substance resembles, but is distinct from, that to the name
of which it is prefixed; as paraldehyde, paraconine, etc.; also, an
isomeric modification. (b) Specifically: (Organ. Chem.) That two groups
or radicals substituted in the benzene nucleus are opposite, or in the
respective positions 1 and 4; 2 and 5; or 3 and 6, as paraxylene;
paroxybenzoic acid. Cf. Ortho-, and Meta-. Also used adjectively.
||Pa*ra" (?), n. [Turk., fr. Per. prah a piece.] A piece of Turkish
||money, usually copper, the fortieth part of a piaster, or about one
||ninth of a cent.
Par`a*ban"ic (?), a. [Gr. &?; to pass over.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or
designating, a nitrogenous acid which is obtained by the oxidation of
uric acid, as a white crystalline substance (C3N2H2O3); -- also called
oxalyl urea.
Par"a*blast (?), n. [Cf. Gr. &?; to grow beside. See Para-, and
-blast.] (Biol.) A portion of the mesoblast (of peripheral origin) of
the developing embryo, the cells of which are especially concerned in
forming the first blood and blood vessels. C. S. Minot.
Par`a*blas"tic (?), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to the parablast; as,
the parablastic cells.
Par"a*ble (?), a. [L. parabilis, fr. parare to provide.] Procurable.
[Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Par"a*ble, n. [F. parabole, L. parabola, fr. Gr. &?; a placing beside
or together, a comparing, comparison, a parable, fr. &?; to throw
beside, compare; para` beside + &?; to throw; cf. Skr. gal to drop. Cf.
Emblem, Gland, Palaver, Parabola, Parley, Parabole, Symbol.] A
comparison; a similitude; specifically, a short fictitious narrative of
something which might really occur in life or nature, by means of which
a moral is drawn; as, the parables of Christ. Chaucer.
Declare unto us the parable of the tares.
Matt. xiii. 36.
Syn. -- See Allegory, and Note under Apologue.
Par"a*ble, v. t. To represent by parable. [R.]
Which by the ancient sages was thus parabled.
Milton.
Pa*rab"o*la (?), n.; pl. Parabolas (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;; -- so called
because its axis is parallel to the side of the cone. See Parable, and
cf. Parabole.] (Geom.) (a) A kind of curve; one of the conic sections
formed by the intersection of the surface of a cone with a plane
parallel to one of its sides. It is a curve, any point of which is
equally distant from a fixed point, called the focus, and a fixed
straight line, called the directrix. See Focus. (b) One of a group of
curves defined by the equation y = axn where n is a positive whole
number or a positive fraction. For the cubical parabola n = 3; for the
semicubical parabola n = . See under Cubical, and Semicubical. The
parabolas have infinite branches, but no rectilineal asymptotes.
||Pa*rab"o*le (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;. See Parable.] (Rhet.)
||Similitude; comparison.
{ Par`a*bol"ic (?), Par`a*bol"ic*al (?), } a. [Gr. paraboliko`s
figurative: cf. F. parabolique. See Parable.]
1. Of the nature of a parable; expressed by a parable or figure;
allegorical; as, parabolical instruction.
2. [From Parabola.] (Geom.) (a) Having the form or nature of a
parabola; pertaining to, or resembling, a parabola; as, a parabolic
curve. (b) Generated by the revolution of a parabola, or by a line that
moves on a parabola as a directing curve; as, a parabolic conoid.
Parabolic conoid, a paraboloid; a conoid whose directing curve is a
parabola. See Conoid. -- Parabolic mirror (Opt.), a mirror having a
paraboloidal surface which gives for parallel rays (as those from very
distant objects) images free from aberration. It is used in reflecting
telescopes. -- Parabolic spindle, the solid generated by revolving the
portion of a parabola cut off by a line drawn at right angles to the
axis of the curve, about that line as an axis. -- Parabolic spiral, a
spiral curve conceived to be formed by the periphery of a semiparabola
when its axis is wrapped about a circle; also, any other spiral curve
having an analogy to the parabola.
<! p. 1039 !>
Par`a*bol"ic*al*ly (pr`*bl"*kal*l), adv. 1. By way of parable; in a
parabolic manner.
2. In the form of a parabola.
Par`a*bol"i*form (-*fÙrm), a. [Parabola + -form.] Resembling a parabola
in form.
Pa*rab"o*lism (p*rb"*lz'm), n. [From Parabola.] (Alg.) The division of
the terms of an equation by a known quantity that is involved in the
first term. [Obs.]
Pa*rab"o*list (-lst), n. A narrator of parables.
Pa*rab"o*loid (-loid), n. [Parabola + -oid: cf. F. paraboloÔde.]
(Geom.) The solid generated by the rotation of a parabola about its
axis; any surface of the second order whose sections by planes parallel
to a given line are parabolas.
The term paraboloid has sometimes been applied also to the parabolas of
the higher orders. Hutton.
Par`a*bo*loid"al (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a
paraboloid.
||Par`a*bron"chi*um (?), n.; pl. Parabronchia (#). [NL. See Para-,
||Bronchia.] (Anat.) One of the branches of an ectobronchium or
||entobronchium.
Par`a*cel"si*an (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or in conformity with, the
practice of Paracelsus, a Swiss physician of the 15th century. Ferrand.
Par`a*cel"si*an, n. A follower of Paracelsus or his practice or
teachings. Hakewill.
Par`a*cel"sist (?), n. A Paracelsian.
||Par`a*cen*te"sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to pierce at the
||side, to tap.] (Med.) The perforation of a cavity of the body with a
||trocar, aspirator, or other suitable instrument, for the evacuation
||of effused fluid, pus, or gas; tapping.
{ Par`a*cen"tric (?), Par`a*cen"tric*al (?), } a. [Pref. para- +
centric, - ical: cf. F. paracentrique.] Deviating from circularity;
changing the distance from a center.
Paracentric curve (Math.), a curve having the property that, when its
plane is placed vertically, a body descending along it, by the force of
gravity, will approach to, or recede from, a fixed point or center, by
equal distances in equal times; -- called also a paracentric. --
Paracentric motton or velocity, the motion or velocity of a revolving
body, as a planet, by which it approaches to, or recedes from, the
center, without reference to its motion in space, or to its motion as
reckoned in any other direction.
Par`a*chor"dal (?), a. [Pref. para- + chordal.] (Anat.) Situated on
either side of the notochord; -- applied especially to the
cartilaginous rudiments of the skull on each side of the anterior part
of the notochord. -- n. A parachordal cartilage.
Pa*rach"ro*nism (?), n. [Pref. para- + Gr. &?; time: cf. F.
parachronisme.] An error in chronology, by which the date of an event
is set later than the time of its occurrence. [R.]
Par"a*chrose (?), a. [Gr. &?; false coloring; para` beside, beyond +
&?; color.] (Min.) Changing color by exposure Mohs.
Par"a*chute (?), n. [F., fr. paper to ward off, guard + chute a fall.
See Parry, and Chute, Chance.]
1. A contrivance somewhat in the form of an umbrella, by means of which
a descent may be made from a balloon, or any eminence.
2. (Zoˆl.) A web or fold of skin which extends between the legs of
certain mammals, as the flying squirrels, colugo, and phalangister.
Par"a*clete (?), n. [L. paracletus, Gr. &?;, from &?; to call to one,
to exhort, encourage; para` beside + &?; to call.] An advocate; one
called to aid or support; hence, the Consoler, Comforter, or
Intercessor; -- a term applied to the Holy Spirit.
From which intercession especially I conceive he hath the name of
the Paraclete given him by Christ.
Bp. Pearson.
Par"a*close (?), n. (Arch.) See Parclose.
Par`ac*mas"tic (?), a. [Gr. &?;. See Para-, and Acme.] (Med.) Gradually
decreasing; past the acme, or crisis, as a distemper. Dunglison.
Par`a*con"ic (?), a. [Pref. para- + aconitic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to,
or designating, an organic acid obtained as a deliquescent white
crystalline substance, and isomeric with itaconic, citraconic, and
mesaconic acids.
Par`a*co"nine (?), n. [Pref. para- + conine.] (Chem.) A base
resembling and isomeric with conine, and obtained as a colorless liquid
from butyric aldehyde and ammonia.
||Par`a*co*rol"la (?), n. [Pref. para- + corolla.] (Bot.) A secondary
||or inner corolla; a corona, as of the Narcissus.
Par`a*cros"tic (?), n. [Pref. para- + acrostic.] A poetical
composition, in which the first verse contains, in order, the first
letters of all the verses of the poem. Brande & C.
Par`a*cy*an"o*gen (?), n. [Pref. para- + cyanogen.] (Chem.) A polymeric
modification of cyanogen, obtained as a brown or black amorphous
residue by heating mercuric cyanide.
Par`a*cy"mene, n. [Pref. para- + cymene.] (Chem.) Same as Cymene.
||Par`a*dac"ty*lum, n.; pl. Paradactyla (#). [NL. See Para-, and
||Dactyl.] (Zoˆl.) The side of a toe or finger.
Pa*rade" (?), n. [F., fr. Sp. parada a halt or stopping, an assembling
for exercise, a place where troops are assembled to exercise, fr. parar
to stop, to prepare. See Pare, v. t.] 1. The ground where a military
display is held, or where troops are drilled.
2. (Mil.) An assembly and orderly arrangement or display of troops, in
full equipments, for inspection or evolutions before some superior
officer; a review of troops. Parades are general, regimental, or
private (troop, battery, or company), according to the force assembled.
3. Pompous show; formal display or exhibition.
Be rich, but of your wealth make no parade.
Swift.
4. That which is displayed; a show; a spectacle; an imposing
procession; the movement of any body marshaled in military order; as, a
parade of firemen.
In state returned the grand parade.
Swift.
5. Posture of defense; guard. [A Gallicism.]
When they are not in parade, and upon their guard.
Locke.
6. A public walk; a promenade.
Dress parade, Undress parade. See under Dress, and Undress. -- Parade
rest, a position of rest for soldiers, in which, however, they are
required to be silent and motionless. Wilhelm.
Syn. -- Ostentation; display; show. -- Parade, Ostentation. Parade is a
pompous exhibition of things for the purpose of display; ostentation
now generally indicates a parade of virtues or other qualities for
which one expects to be honored. "It was not in the mere parade of
royalty that the Mexican potentates exhibited their power." Robertson.
"We are dazzled with the splendor of titles, the ostentation of
learning, and the noise of victories." Spectator.
Pa*rade" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paraded; p. pr. & vb. n. Parading.]
[Cf. F. parader.] 1. To exhibit in a showy or ostentatious manner; to
show off.
Parading all her sensibility.
Byron.
2. To assemble and form; to marshal; to cause to maneuver or march
ceremoniously; as, to parade troops.
Pa*rade", v. i. 1. To make an exhibition or spectacle of one's self, as
by walking in a public place.
2. To assemble in military order for evolutions and inspection; to form
or march, as in review.
Par"a*digm (?), n. [F. paradigme, L. paradigma, fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
show by the side of, to set up as an example; para` beside + &?; to
show. See Para-, and Diction.]
1. An example; a model; a pattern. [R.] "The paradigms and patterns of
all things." Cudworth.
2. (Gram.) An example of a conjugation or declension, showing a word in
all its different forms of inflection.
3. (Rhet.) An illustration, as by a parable or fable.
{ Par`a*dig*mat"ic (?), Par`a*dig*mat"ic*al (?), } a. [Gr.
paradeigmatiko`s.] Exemplary. -- Par`a*dig*mat"ic*al*ly, adv. [Obs.]
Par`a*dig*mat"ic, n. (Eccl. Hist.) A writer of memoirs of religious
persons, as examples of Christian excellence.
Par`a*dig"ma*tize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paradigmatized (?); p. pr. &
vb. n. Paradigmatizing (?).] [Gr. paradeigmati`zein. See Paradigm.] To
set forth as a model or example. [Obs.] Hammond.
{ Par`a*di*sa"ic (?), Par`a*di*sa"ic*al (?), } a. Of or pertaining to,
or resembling, paradise; paradisiacal. "Paradisaical pleasures." Gray.
Par"a*di`sal (?), a. Paradisiacal.
Par"a*dise (?), n. [OE. & F. paradis, L. paradisus, fr. Gr. para`deisos
park, paradise, fr. Zend pairidaza an inclosure; pairi around (akin to
Gr. &?;) + diz to throw up, pile up; cf. Skr. dih to smear, and E.
dough. Cf. Parvis.]
1. The garden of Eden, in which Adam and Eve were placed after their
creation.
2. The abode of sanctified souls after death.
To-day shalt thou be with me in paradise.
Luke xxiii. 43.
It sounds to him like her mother's voice, Singing in Paradise.
Longfellow.
3. A place of bliss; a region of supreme felicity or delight; hence, a
state of happiness.
The earth Shall be all paradise.
Milton.
Wrapt in the very paradise of some creative vision.
Beaconsfield.
4. (Arch.) An open space within a monastery or adjoining a church, as
the space within a cloister, the open court before a basilica, etc.
5. A churchyard or cemetery. [Obs.] Oxf. Gloss.
Fool's paradise. See under Fool, and Limbo. -- Grains of paradise.
(Bot.) See Melequeta pepper, under Pepper. -- Paradise bird. (Zoˆl.)
Same as Bird of paradise. Among the most beautiful species are the
superb (Lophorina superba); the magnificent (Diphyllodes magnifica);
and the six-shafted paradise bird (Parotia sefilata). The long-billed
paradise birds (EpimachinÊ) also include some highly ornamental
species, as the twelve-wired paradise bird (Seleucides alba), which is
black, yellow, and white, with six long breast feathers on each side,
ending in long, slender filaments. See Bird of paradise in the
Vocabulary. -- Paradise fish (Zoˆl.), a beautiful fresh-water Asiatic
fish (Macropodus viridiauratus) having very large fins. It is often
kept alive as an ornamental fish. -- Paradise flycatcher (Zoˆl.), any
flycatcher of the genus Terpsiphone, having the middle tail feathers
extremely elongated. The adult male of T. paradisi is white, with the
head glossy dark green, and crested. -- Paradise grackle (Zoˆl.), a
very beautiful bird of New Guinea, of the genus Astrapia, having dark
velvety plumage with brilliant metallic tints. -- Paradise nut (Bot.),
the sapucaia nut. See Sapucaia nut. [Local, U. S.] -- Paradise whidah
bird. (Zoˆl.) See Whidah.
Par"a*dise (?), v. t. To affect or exalt with visions of felicity; to
entrance; to bewitch. [R.] Marston.
Par`a*dis"e*an (?), a. Paradisiacal.
Par"a*dised (?), a. Placed in paradise; enjoying delights as of
paradise.
{ Par`a*dis"i*ac (?), Par`a*di*si"a*cal (?), } a. [L. paradisiacus.] Of
or pertaining to paradise; suitable to, or like, paradise. C. Kingsley.
T. Burnet. "A paradisiacal scene." Pope.
The valley . . . is of quite paradisiac beauty.
G. Eliot.
{ Par`a*dis"i*al (?), Par`a*dis"i*an (?), } a. Paradisiacal. [R.]
Par`a*dis"ic (?), a. Paradisiacal. [R.] Broome.
Par`a*dis"ic*al (?), a. Paradisiacal. [R.]
Par`a*dos (?), n.; pl. Paradoses (#). [F., fr. parer to defend + dos
back, L. dorsum.] (Fort.) An intercepting mound, erected in any part of
a fortification to protect the defenders from a rear or ricochet fire;
a traverse. Farrow.
Par`a*dox (?), n.; pl. Paradoxes (#). [F. paradoxe, L. paradoxum, fr.
Gr. &?;; para` beside, beyond, contrary to + &?; to think, suppose,
imagine. See Para-, and Dogma.] A tenet or proposition contrary to
received opinion; an assertion or sentiment seemingly contradictory, or
opposed to common sense; that which in appearance or terms is absurd,
but yet may be true in fact.
A gloss there is to color that paradox, and make it appear in show
not to be altogether unreasonable.
Hooker.
This was sometime a paradox, but now the time gives it proof.
Shak.
Hydrostatic paradox. See under Hydrostatic.
Par"a*dox`al (?), a. Paradoxical. [Obs.]
Par`a*dox"ic*al (?), a. 1. Of the nature of a paradox.
2. Inclined to paradoxes, or to tenets or notions contrary to received
opinions. Southey.
-- Par`a*dox"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Par`a*dox"ic*al*ness, n.
Par"a*dox`er (?), n., Par"a*dox`ist (&?;), n. One who proposes a
paradox.
||Par`a*dox"i*des (?), n. [NL.] (Paleon.) A genus of large trilobites
||characteristic of the primordial formations.
Par`a*dox*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Paradox + -logy.] The use of paradoxes.
[Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
Par`a*dox"ure (-dks"r), n. [Gr. para`doxos incredible, paradoxical +
o'yra` tail. So called because its tail is unlike that of the other
animals to which it was supposed to be related.] (Zoˆl.) Any species of
Paradoxurus, a genus of Asiatic viverrine mammals allied to the civet,
as the musang, and the luwack or palm cat (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus).
See Musang.
Par"a*dox`y (?), n. 1. A paradoxical statement; a paradox.
2. The quality or state of being paradoxical. Coleridge
{ Par"af*fin (pr"f*fn), Par"af*fine (?) }, n. [F. paraffine, fr. L.
parum too little + affinis akin. So named in allusion to its chemical
inactivity.] (Chem.) A white waxy substance, resembling spermaceti,
tasteless and odorless, and obtained from coal tar, wood tar,
petroleum, etc., by distillation. It is used as an illuminant and
lubricant. It is very inert, not being acted upon by most of the strong
chemical reagents. It was formerly regarded as a definite compound, but
is now known to be a complex mixture of several higher hydrocarbons of
the methane or marsh-gas series; hence, by extension, any substance,
whether solid, liquid, or gaseous, of the same chemical series; thus
coal gas and kerosene consist largely of paraffins.
In the present chemical usage this word is spelt paraffin, but in
commerce it is commonly spelt paraffine.
Native paraffin. See Ozocerite. - - Paraffin series. See Methane
series, under Methane.
Par"age, n. [F., fr. L. par, adj., equal. Cf. Peerage, Peer an equal.]
1. (Old Eng. Law) Equality of condition, blood, or dignity; also,
equality in the partition of an inheritance. Spelman.
2. (Feudal Law) Equality of condition between persons holding unequal
portions of a fee. Burrill.
<! p. 1040 !>
3. Kindred; family; birth. [Obs.] Ld. Berners.
We claim to be of high parage.
Chaucer.
Par`a*gen"e*sis (pr`*jn"*ss), n. [Pref. para- + genesis.] (Min.) The
science which treats of minerals with special reference to their
origin.
Par`a*gen"ic (-k), a. [Pref. para- + the root of ge`nos birth.] (Biol.)
Originating in the character of the germ, or at the first commencement
of an individual; -- said of peculiarities of structure, character,
etc.
Par`a*glob"u*lin (-glb"*ln), n. [Pref. para- + globulin.] (Physiol.
Chem.) An albuminous body in blood serum, belonging to the group of
globulins. See Fibrinoplastin.
||Par`a*glos"sa (-gls"s), n.; pl. ParaglossÊ (- s). [NL., from Gr.
||para` beside + glw^ssa tongue.] (Zoˆl.) One of a pair of small
||appendages of the lingua or labium of certain insects. See Illust.
||under Hymenoptera.
Par"ag*nath (?), n. (Zoˆl.) Same as Paragnathus.
Pa*rag"na*thous (?), a. (Zoˆl.) Having both mandibles of equal length,
the tips meeting, as in certain birds.
||Pa*rag"na*thus (?), n.; pl. Paragnathi (#). [NL. See Para-, and
||Gnathic.] (Zoˆl.) (a) One of the two lobes which form the lower lip,
||or metastome, of Crustacea. (b) One of the small, horny, toothlike
||jaws of certain annelids.
||Par`a*go"ge (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;, from &?; to lead beside,
||protract; para` beside + &?; to lead.] 1. (Gram.) The addition of a
||letter or syllable to the end of a word, as withouten for without.
2. (Med.) Coaptation. [Obs.] Dunglison.
{ Par`a*gog"ic (?), Par`a*gog"ic*al (?), } a. [Cf. F. paragogique.] Of,
pertaining to, or constituting, a paragoge; added to the end of, or
serving to lengthen, a word.
Paragogic letters, in the Semitic languages, letters which are added to
the ordinary forms of words, to express additional emphasis, or some
change in the sense.
Par"a*gon (?), n. [OF. paragon, F. parangon; cf. It. paragone, Sp.
paragon, parangon; prob. fr. Gr. &?; to rub against; para` beside + &?;
whetstone; cf. LGr. &?; a polishing stone.] 1. A companion; a match; an
equal. [Obs.] Spenser.
Philoclea, who indeed had no paragon but her sister.
Sir P. Sidney.
2. Emulation; rivalry; competition. [Obs.]
Full many feats adventurous Performed, in paragon of proudest men.
Spenser.
3. A model or pattern; a pattern of excellence or perfection; as, a
paragon of beauty or eloquence. Udall.
Man, . . . the paragon of animals !
Shak.
The riches of sweet Mary's son, Boy-rabbi, Israel's paragon.
Emerson.
4. (Print.) A size of type between great primer and double pica. See
the Note under Type.
Par"a*gon, v. t. [Cf. OF. paragonner, F. parangonner.]
1. To compare; to parallel; to put in rivalry or emulation with. [Obs.]
Sir P. Sidney.
2. To compare with; to equal; to rival. [R.] Spenser.
In arms anon to paragon the morn, The morn new rising.
Glover.
3. To serve as a model for; to surpass. [Obs.]
He hath achieved a maid That paragons description and wild fame.
Shak.
Par"a*gon, v. i. To be equal; to hold comparison. [R.]
Few or none could . . . paragon with her.
Shelton.
Pa*rag"o*nite (?), n. [From Gr. &?;, p. pr. of &?; to mislead.] (Min.)
A kind of mica related to muscovite, but containing soda instead of
potash. It is characteristic of the paragonite schist of the Alps.
Par"a*gram (?), n. [Gr. &?; that which one writes beside. See
Paragraph.] A pun.
Puns, which he calls paragrams.
Addison.
Par`a*gram"ma*tist (?), n. A punster.
||Pa`ra*gran"di*ne (?), n. [It., from parare to parry + grandine hail.]
||An instrument to avert the occurrence of hailstorms. See ParagrÍle.
||Knight.
Par"a*graph (?), n. [F. paragraphe, LL. paragraphus, fr. Gr.
para`grafos (sc. grammh`) a line or stroke drawn in the margin, fr.
paragra`fein to write beside; para` beside + gra`fein to write. See
Para- , and Graphic, and cf. Paraph.] 1. Originally, a marginal mark or
note, set in the margin to call attention to something in the text, e.
g., a change of subject; now, the character ∂, commonly used in the
text as a reference mark to a footnote, or to indicate the place of a
division into sections.
This character is merely a modification of a capital P (the initial of
the word paragraph), the letter being reversed, and the black part made
white and the white part black for the sake of distinctiveness.
2. A distinct part of a discourse or writing; any section or
subdivision of a writing or chapter which relates to a particular
point, whether consisting of one or many sentences. The division is
sometimes noted by the mark &?;, but usually, by beginning the first
sentence of the paragraph on a new line and at more than the usual
distance from the margin.
3. A brief composition complete in one typographical section or
paragraph; an item, remark, or quotation comprised in a few lines
forming one paragraph; as, a column of news paragraphs; an editorial
paragraph.
Par"a*graph, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paragraphed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Paragraphing.]
1. To divide into paragraphs; to mark with the character ∂.
2. To express in the compass of a paragraph; as, to paragraph an
article.
3. To mention in a paragraph or paragraphs
Par"a*graph`er (?), n. A writer of paragraphs; a paragraphist.
{ Par`a*graph"ic (?), Par`a*graph"ic*al (?), } a. Pertaining to, or
consisting of, a paragraph or paragraphs. -- Par`a*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.
Par"a*graph`ist (?), n. A paragrapher.
Par`a*gra*phis"tic*al (?), a. Of or relating to a paragraphist. [R.]
Beau. & Fl.
Pa*ra" grass` (?). (Bot.) A valuable pasture grass (Panicum barbinode)
introduced into the Southern United States from Brazil.
||Pa`ra`grÍle" (?), n. [F., fr. parer to guard + grÍle hail.] A
||lightning conductor erected, as in a vineyard, for drawing off the
||electricity in the atmosphere in order to prevent hailstorms.
||[France] Knight.
Par`a*guay"an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Paraguay. -- n. A native or
inhabitant of Paraguay.
Pa`ra*guay" tea" (?). See Mate, the leaf of the Brazilian holly.
Par"ail (?), n. See Apparel. [Obs.] "In the parail of a pilgrim." Piers
Plowman.
Par"a*keet` (?), n. (Zoˆl.) Same as Parrakeet.
Par`a*lac"tic (?), a. [Pref. para- + lactic.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Designating an acid called paralactic acid. See Lactic acid, under
Lactic.
Par`al*bu"min (?), n. [Pref. para- + albumin.] (Physiol. Chem.) A
proteidlike body found in the fluid from ovarian cysts and elsewhere.
It is generally associated with a substance related to, if not
identical with, glycogen.
Par*al"de*hyde (?), n. [Pref. para- + aldehyde.] (Chem.) A polymeric
modification of aldehyde obtained as a white crystalline substance.
||Par`a*leip"sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to leave on one
||side, to omit; para` beside + &?; to leave.] (Rhet.) A pretended or
||apparent omission; a figure by which a speaker artfully pretends to
||pass by what he really mentions; as, for example, if an orator should
||say, "I do not speak of my adversary's scandalous venality and
||rapacity, his brutal conduct, his treachery and malice." [Written
||also paralepsis, paralepsy, paralipsis.]
||Par`a*lep"sis (?), n. [NL.] See Paraleipsis.
Pa*ra"li*an (?), n. [Gr. &?; near the sea; para` beside + &?; the sea.]
A dweller by the sea. [R.]
||Par`a*li*pom"e*non (?), n. pl. [L., fr. Gr. paraleipome`nwn of things
||omitted, pass. p. pr. (neuter genitive plural) fr. &?; to omit.] A
||title given in the Douay Bible to the Books of Chronicles.
In the Septuagint these books are called Paraleipome`nwn prw^ton and
dey`teron, which is understood, after Jerome's explanation, as meaning
that they are supplementary to the Books of Kings W. Smith.
Par`a*lip"sis (?), n. [NL.] See Paraleipsis.
{ Par`al*lac"tic (?), Par`al*lac"tic*al (?), } a. [Cf. F.
parallactique.] Of or pertaining to a parallax.
Par"al*lax (?), n. [Gr. &?; alternation, the mutual inclination of two
lines forming an angle, fr. &?; to change a little, go aside, deviate;
para` beside, beyond + &?; to change: cf. F. parallaxe. Cf. Parallel.]
1. The apparent displacement, or difference of position, of an object,
as seen from two different stations, or points of view.
2. (Astron.) The apparent difference in position of a body (as the sun,
or a star) as seen from some point on the earth's surface, and as seen
from some other conventional point, as the earth's center or the sun.
Annual parallax, the greatest value of the heliocentric parallax, or
the greatest annual apparent change of place of a body as seen from the
earth and sun; as, the annual parallax of a fixed star. -- Binocular
parallax, the apparent difference in position of an object as seen
separately by one eye, and then by the other, the head remaining
unmoved. -- Diurnal, or Geocentric, parallax, the parallax of a body
with reference to the earth's center. This is the kind of parallax that
is generally understood when the term is used without qualification. --
Heliocentric parallax, the parallax of a body with reference to the
sun, or the angle subtended at the body by lines drawn from it to the
earth and sun; as, the heliocentric parallax of a planet. -- Horizontal
parallax, the geocentric parallx of a heavenly body when in the
horizon, or the angle subtended at the body by the earth's radius. --
Optical parallax, the apparent displacement in position undergone by an
object when viewed by either eye singly. Brande & C. -- Parallax of the
cross wires (of an optical instrument), their apparent displacement
when the eye changes its position, caused by their not being exactly in
the focus of the object glass. -- Stellar parallax, the annual parallax
of a fixed star.
Par"al*lel (?), a. [F. parallËle, L. parallelus, fr. Gr. &?;; para`
beside + &?; of one another, fr. &?; other, akin to L. alius. See
Allien.] 1. (Geom.) Extended in the same direction, and in all parts
equally distant; as, parallel lines; parallel planes.
Revolutions . . . parallel to the equinoctial.
Hakluyt.
Curved lines or curved planes are said to be parallel when they are in
all parts equally distant.
2. Having the same direction or tendency; running side by side; being
in accordance (with); tending to the same result; -- used with to and
with.
When honor runs parallel with the laws of God and our country, it
can not be too much cherished.
Addison.
3. Continuing a resemblance through many particulars; applicable in all
essential parts; like; similar; as, a parallel case; a parallel
passage. Addison.
Parallel bar. (a) (Steam Eng.) A rod in a parallel motion which is
parallel with the working beam. (b) One of a pair of bars raised about
five feet above the floor or ground, and parallel to each other, --
used for gymnastic exercises. -- Parallel circles of a sphere, those
circles of the sphere whose planes are parallel to each other. --
Parallel columns, or Parallels (Printing), two or more passages of
reading matter printed side by side, for the purpose of emphasizing the
similarity or discrepancy between them. -- Parallel forces (Mech.),
forces which act in directions parallel to each other. -- Parallel
motion. (a) (Mach.) A jointed system of links, rods, or bars, by which
the motion of a reciprocating piece, as a piston rod, may be guided,
either approximately or exactly in a straight line. Rankine. (b) (Mus.)
The ascending or descending of two or more parts at fixed intervals, as
thirds or sixths. -- Parallel rod (Locomotive Eng.), a metal rod that
connects the crank pins of two or more driving wheels; -- called also
couping rod, in distinction from the connecting rod. See Illust. of
Locomotive, in App. -- Parallel ruler, an instrument for drawing
parallel lines, so constructed as to have the successive positions of
the ruling edge parallel to each other; also, one consisting of two
movable parts, the opposite edges of which are always parallel. - -
Parallel sailing (Naut.), sailing on a parallel of latitude. --
Parallel sphere (Astron. & Geog.), that position of the sphere in which
the circles of daily motion are parallel to the horizon, as to an
observer at either pole. -- Parallel vise, a vise having jaws so guided
as to remain parallel in all positions.
Par"al*lel (?), n. 1. A line which, throughout its whole extent, is
equidistant from another line; a parallel line, a parallel plane, etc.
Who made the spider parallels design, Sure as De Moivre, without
rule or line ?
Pope.
2. Direction conformable to that of another line,
Lines that from their parallel decline.
Garth.
3. Conformity continued through many particulars or in all essential
points; resemblance; similarity.
Twixt earthly females and the moon All parallels exactly run.
Swift.
4. A comparison made; elaborate tracing of similarity; as, Johnson's
parallel between Dryden and Pope.
5. Anything equal to, or resembling, another in all essential
particulars; a counterpart.
None but thyself can be thy parallel.
Pope.
6. (Geog.) One of the imaginary circles on the surface of the earth,
parallel to the equator, marking the latitude; also, the corresponding
line on a globe or map.
7. (Mil.) One of a series of long trenches constructed before a
besieged fortress, by the besieging force, as a cover for troops
supporting the attacking batteries. They are roughly parallel to the
line of outer defenses of the fortress.
8. (Print.) A character consisting of two parallel vertical lines
(thus, ||) used in the text to direct attention to a similarly marked
note in the margin or at the foot of a page.
Limiting parallels. See under Limit, v. t. -- Parallel of altitude
(Astron.), one of the small circles of the sphere, parallel to the
horizon; an almucantar. -- Parallel of declination (Astron.), one of
the small circles of the sphere, parallel to the equator. -- Parallel
of latitude. (a) (Geog.) See def. 6. above. (b) (Astron.) One of the
small circles of the sphere, parallel to the ecliptic.
Par"al*lel, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paralleled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Paralleling (?).] 1. To place or set so as to be parallel; to place so
as to be parallel to, or to conform in direction with, something else.
The needle . . . doth parallel and place itself upon the true
meridian.
Sir T. Browne.
2. Fig.: To make to conform to something else in character, motive,
aim, or the like.
His life is paralleled Even with the stroke and line of his great
justice.
Shak.
3. To equal; to match; to correspond to. Shak.
4. To produce or adduce as a parallel. [R.] Locke.
My young remembrance can not parallel A fellow to it.
Shak.
Par"al*lel, v. i. To be parallel; to correspond; to be like. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Par"al*lel`a*ble (?), a. Capable of being paralleled, or equaled. [R.]
Bp. Hall.
Par"al*lel*ism (?), n. [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to place side by side, or
parallel: cf. F. parallÈlisme.]
1. The quality or state of being parallel.
2. Resemblance; correspondence; similarity.
A close parallelism of thought and incident.
T. Warton.
3. Similarity of construction or meaning of clauses placed side by
side, especially clauses expressing the same sentiment with slight
modifications, as is common in Hebrew poetry; e. g.: --
At her feet he bowed, he fell: Where he bowed, there he fell down
dead.
Judg. v. 27.
Par`al*lel*is"tic (?), a. Of the nature of a parallelism; involving
parallelism.
The antithetic or parallelistic form of Hebrew poetry is entirely
lost.
Milman.
Par"al*lel*ize (?), v. t. To render parallel. [R.]
Par"al*lel*less, a. Matchless. [R.]
Par"al*lel*ly, adv. In a parallel manner; with parallelism. [R.] Dr. H.
More.
Par`al*lel"o*gram (?), n. [Gr. &?;; &?; parallel + &?; to write: cf. F.
parallÈlogramme. See Parallel, and -gram.] (Geom.) A right-lined
quadrilateral figure, whose opposite sides are parallel, and
consequently equal; -- sometimes restricted in popular usage to a
rectangle, or quadrilateral figure which is longer than it is broad,
and with right angles.
Parallelogram of velocities, forces, accelerations, momenta, etc.
(Mech.), a parallelogram the diagonal of which represents the resultant
of two velocities, forces, accelerations, momenta, etc., both in
quantity and direction, when the velocities, forces, accelerations,
momenta, etc., are represented in quantity and direction by the two
adjacent sides of the parallelogram.
Par`al*lel`o*gram*mat"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a parallelogram;
parallelogrammic.
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{ Par`al*lel`o*gram"mic (?), Par`al*lel`o*gram"mic*al (?), } a. Having
the properties of a parallelogram. [R.]
Par`al*lel`o*pi"ped (?), n. [Gr. &?; a body with parallel surfaces; &?;
parallel + &?; a plane surface, &?; on the ground, or level with it,
level, flat; &?; on + &?; the ground: cf. F. parallÈlopipËde.] (Geom.)
A solid, the faces of which are six parallelograms, the opposite pairs
being parallel, and equal to each other; a prism whose base is a
parallelogram.
Par`al*lel`o*pip"e*don (?), n. [NL.] A parallelopiped. Hutton.
Par`a*log"ic*al (?), a. Containing paralogism; illogical. "Paralogical
doubt." Sir T. Browne.
Pa*ral"o*gism (?), n. [Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to reason falsely; para` beside
+ &?; to reason, &?; discourse, reason: cf. F. paralogisme.] (Logic) A
reasoning which is false in point of form, that is, which is contrary
to logical rules or formulÊ; a formal fallacy, or pseudo- syllogism, in
which the conclusion does not follow from the premises.
Pa*ral"o*gize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Paralogized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Paralogizing (?).] [Gr. &?;.] To reason falsely; to draw conclusions
not warranted by the premises. [R.]
Pa*ral"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. &?;; para` beside, beyond + &?; reason.] False
reasoning; paralogism.
Par"a*lyse (?), v. t. Same as Paralyze.
Pa*ral"y*sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to loosen, dissolve, or
disable at the side; para` beside + &?; to loosen. See Para-, and
Loose, and cf. Palsy.] (Med.) Abolition of function, whether complete
or partial; esp., the loss of the power of voluntary motion, with or
without that of sensation, in any part of the body; palsy. See
Hemiplegia, and Paraplegia. Also used figuratively. "Utter paralysis of
memory." G. Eliot.
Mischievous practices arising out of the paralysis of the powers of
ownership.
Duke of Argyll (1887).
Par`a*lyt"ic (?), a. [L. paralyticus, Gr. &?;: cf. F. paralytique.] 1.
Of or pertaining to paralysis; resembling paralysis.
2. Affected with paralysis, or palsy.
The cold, shaking, paralytic hand.
Prior.
3. Inclined or tending to paralysis.
Paralytic secretion (Physiol.), the fluid, generally thin and watery,
secreted from a gland after section or paralysis of its nerves, as the
pralytic saliva.
Par`a*lyt"ic, n. A person affected with paralysis.
Par`a*lyt"ic*al (?), a. See Paralytic.
Par`a*ly*za"tion (?), n. The act or process of paralyzing, or the state
of being paralyzed.
Par"a*lyze (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paralyzed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Paralyzing (?).] [F. paralyser. See Paralysis.]
1. To affect or strike with paralysis or palsy.
2. Fig.: To unnerve; to destroy or impair the energy of; to render
ineffective; as, the occurrence paralyzed the community; despondency
paralyzed his efforts.
Par"am (?), n. (Chem.) A white crystalline nitrogenous substance
(C2H4N4); -- called also dicyandiamide.
Par`a*mag*net"ic (?), a. [Pref. para- + magnetic.] Magnetic, as
opposed to diamagnetic. -- n. A paramagnetic substance. Faraday. --
Par`a*mag*net"ic*al*ly (#), adv.
Par`a*mag"net*ism (?), n. Magnetism, as opposed to diamagnetism.
Faraday.
Par`a*ma*le"ic (?), a. [Pref. para- + maleic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to,
or designating, an acid obtained from malic acid, and now called
fumaric acid. [Obs.]
Par`a*ma"lic (?), a. [Pref. para- + malic.] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or
designating, an organic acid metameric with malic acid.
Par`a*mas"toid (?), a. [Pref. para- + mastoid.] (Anat.) Situated
beside, or near, the mastoid portion of the temporal bone;
paroccipital; -- applied especially to a process of the skull in some
animals.
Par`a*mat"ta (?), n. [So named from Paramatta, in Australia.] A light
fabric of cotton and worsted, resembling bombazine or merino. Beck
(Draper's Dict.)
Par"a*ment (?), n. [Sp. paramento, from parar to prepare, L. parare.]
Ornamental hangings, furniture, etc., as of a state apartment; rich and
elegant robes worn by men of rank; -- chiefly in the plural. [Obs.]
Lords in paraments on their coursers.
Chaucer.
Chamber of paraments, presence chamber of a monarch.
||Pa`ra*men"to (?), n. [Sp.] Ornament; decoration. Beau. & Fl.
Par"a*mere (?), n. [Pref. para- + -mere.] (Zoˆl.) One of the
symmetrical halves of any one of the radii, or spheromeres, of a
radiate animal, as a starfish.
Pa*ram"e*ter (?), n. [Pref. para- + -meter: cf. F. paramËtre.] 1. (a)
(Math.) A term applied to some characteristic magnitude whose value,
invariable as long as one and the same function, curve, surface, etc.,
is considered, serves to distinguish that function, curve, surface,
etc., from others of the same kind or family. Brande & C. (b)
Specifically (Conic Sections), in the ellipse and hyperbola, a third
proportional to any diameter and its conjugate, or in the parabola, to
any abscissa and the corresponding ordinate.
The parameter of the principal axis of a conic section is called the
latus rectum.
2. (Crystallog.) The ratio of the three crystallographic axes which
determines the position of any plane; also, the fundamental axial ratio
for a given species.
||Par`a*me*tri"tis (?), n. [NL. See Para-, and Metritis.] (Med.)
||Inflammation of the cellular tissue in the vicinity of the uterus.
Par`a*mi*og"ra*pher (?), n. [Gr. &?; proverb + -graph + -er.] A
collector or writer of proverbs. [R.]
Par`a*mi"tome (?), n. [Pref. para- + mitome.] (Biol.) The fluid
portion of the protoplasm of a cell.
||Pa"ra*mo (?), n.; pl. Paramos (#). [Sp. pÊramo.] A high, bleak
||plateau or district, with stunted trees, and cold, damp atmosphere,
||as in the Andes, in South America.
Par"a*morph (?), n. [Pref. para- + Gr. &?; form.] (Min.) A kind of
pseudomorph, in which there has been a change of physical characters
without alteration of chemical composition, as the change of aragonite
to calcite.
Par`a*mor"phism (?), n. (Min.) The change of one mineral species to
another, so as to involve a change in physical characters without
alteration of chemical composition.
Par`a*mor"phous (?), a. (Min.) Relating to paramorphism; exhibiting
paramorphism.
Par"a*mount (?), a. [OF. par amont above; par through, by (L. per) +
amont above. See Amount.] Having the highest rank or jurisdiction;
superior to all others; chief; supreme; preÎminent; as, a paramount
duty. "A traitor paramount." Bacon.
Lady paramount (Archery), the lady making the best score. -- Lord
paramount, the king.
Syn. Superior; principal; preÎminent; chief.
Par"a*
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