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Elijah the Tishbite. Miscellaneous Writings of C. H. Mackintosh, vol. V

by Charles Henry Mackintosh · English · Gutenberg #40515 · 607,799 chars · public domain (US)

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Title: Elijah the Tishbite. Miscellaneous Writings of C. H. Mackintosh, vol. V

Author: Charles Henry Mackintosh


        
Release date: August 16, 2012 [eBook #40515]
                Most recently updated: October 23, 2024

Language: English

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*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ELIJAH THE TISHBITE. MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS OF C. H. MACKINTOSH, VOL. V ***

  Elijah
  the Tishbite


  _Miscellaneous Writings of_
  C. H. MACKINTOSH


  _Volume V_


  LOIZEAUX BROTHERS
  _New York_

  FIRST EDITION 1898

  TENTH PRINTING 1960


  LOIZEAUX BROTHERS, INC., PUBLISHERS

  _A Nonprofit Organization, Devoted to the Lord's Work
  and to the Spread of His Truth_

  19 WEST 21ST STREET, NEW YORK 10, N. Y.


  PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA




CONTENTS


                                                         Pages

  GOD'S FULNESS FOR AN EMPTY VESSEL                       1-10

  DIVINE TITLES                                          11-18

  A HELP OR A HINDRANCE: WHICH?                          19-27

  THE DISCIPLINE OF THE ASSEMBLY                         28-35

  THE CHRISTIAN'S MISSION: AND HOW TO
  FULFIL IT                                              36-44

  EPAPHRAS; OR, THE SERVICE OF PRAYER                    45-51

  "READY"                                                52-60

  HOLY BRETHREN                                          61-80

  JEHOVAH'S DEMAND AND SATAN'S OBJECTIONS               81-104

  "THYSELF AND THE DOCTRINE"                           105-110

  THE THREE CROSSES                                    111-146

  OUR STANDARD AND OUR HOPE                            147-152

  LIFE-WORKS                                           153-158

  "THERE IS ONE BODY"                                  159-165

  ONE-SIDED THEOLOGY                                   166-173

  A LETTER TO A FRIEND ON ETERNAL
  PUNISHMENT                                           174-178

  "PUBLICLY AND FROM HOUSE TO HOUSE"                   179-184

  ISRAEL AND THE NATIONS                               185-190

  LANDMARKS AND STUMBLINGBLOCKS                        191-200

  GRACE AND GOVERNMENT                                 201-211

  SAUL OF TARSUS                                       212-218

  THE TRUE WORKMAN                                     219-250

  DIVERSITY AND UNITY                                  251-256

  LIVING BY FAITH                                      257-261

  LIFE AND TIMES OF ELIJAH                               5-150




                   GOD'S FULNESS FOR AN EMPTY VESSEL

                       (Read 1 Samuel 4 and 7.)


The two chapters given above furnish a most impressive illustration of
a principle which runs all through the inspired volume, namely, that
the moment man takes his right place, God can meet him in perfect
grace--free, sovereign, unqualified grace: the fulness of God waits on
an empty vessel. This great principle shines everywhere from Genesis
to Revelation. The word "principle" hardly expresses what is meant; it
is too cold. We would speak of it as a grand, living, divine fact,
which shines with heavenly lustre in the gospel of the grace of God
and in the history of God's people collectively and individually, both
in the Old and New Testament times.

_But man must be in his right place._ This is absolutely essential. It
is only there he can get a right view of God. When man as he is, meets
God as He is, there is a perfect answer to every question, a divine
solution of every difficulty. It is from the standpoint of utter and
hopeless ruin that man gets a full, clear, delivering view and sense
of God's salvation. It is when man gets to the end of himself in every
shape and form--his bad self and his good self, his guilty self and
his righteous self--that he begins with a Saviour-God. This is true
at the starting-post, and true all along the way. The fulness of God
ever waits on an empty vessel. The great difficulty is to get the
vessel empty: when that is done, the whole matter is settled, because
the fulness of God can then flow in.

This surely is a grand, fundamental truth; and in the chapters which
stand at the head of this paper we see it in its application to the
Lord's earthly people of old. Let us turn to them for a moment.

In the opening of chap. 4 we find Israel defeated by the Philistines;
but instead of humbling themselves before the Lord, in true contrition
and self-judgment because of their terrible condition, and accepting
their defeat as the just judgment of God, there is utter insensibility
and hardness of heart. "And when the people were come into the camp,
the elders of Israel said, Wherefore hath the Lord smitten us to-day
before the Philistines?" Now it is very evident from these words that
the elders were not in their right place. The word "wherefore" would
never have dropped from their lips had they but realized their moral
condition. They would have known too well why it was. There was
shameful sin in their midst--the vile conduct of Hophni and Phinehas.
"Wherefore the sin of the young men was very great before the Lord;
for men abhorred the offering of the Lord" (chap. 2:17).

But alas! the people had no true sense of their terrible condition,
and, as a consequence, they had no true sense of the remedy. Hence
they say, "Let us fetch the ark of the covenant of the Lord out of
Shiloh unto us, that, when _it_ cometh among us, _it_ may save us out
of the hand of our enemies." What a delusion! What utter blindness!
There is no self-judgment, no confession of the dishonor done to the
name and worship of the God of Israel, no looking to Jehovah in true
brokenness and contrition of heart. No; there is the vain notion that
the ark would save them out of the hand of their enemies.

"So the people sent to Shiloh, that they might bring from thence the
ark of the covenant of the Lord of hosts, which dwelleth between the
cherubim: and the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, were there
with the ark of the covenant of God." What a fearful condition of
things! The ark of God associated with those ungodly men whose
wickedness was about to bring down upon the whole nation the just
judgment of a holy and righteous God. Nothing can be more dreadful,
nothing more offensive to God, than the daring attempt to connect His
name, His truth, with wickedness. Moral evil, under any circumstances,
is bad enough; but the attempt to combine moral evil with the name and
service of Him who is holy and true, is the very highest and darkest
form of wickedness, and can only bring down the heavy judgment of God.
Those ungodly priests, the sons of Eli, had dared to defile the very
precincts of the sanctuary with their abominations; and yet these were
the men who accompanied the ark of God into the field of battle. What
blindness and hardness of heart! That one sentence, "Hophni and
Phinehas were there with the ark of the covenant of God," embodies in
its brief compass the terrible reflection of Israel's moral condition.

"And when the ark of the covenant of the Lord came into the camp, _all
Israel shouted with a great shout_, so that the earth rang again." How
vain was the shout!--how hollow the boast!--how empty the pretension!
Alas, alas! it was followed, as must ever be the case, by humiliating
defeat. "The Philistines fought, and Israel was smitten, and they fled
every man into his tent: and there was a very great slaughter; for
there fell of Israel thirty thousand footmen. And the ark of God was
taken, and the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, were slain."

What a condition of things! The priests slain; the ark taken; the
glory departed. The ark in which they boasted, and on which they
confidently built their hope of victory, was actually in the hands of
the uncircumcised Philistines. All was gone. That one terrible
fact--the ark of God in the house of Dagon--told the melancholy tale
of Israel's complete failure and ruin. God must have reality, truth
and holiness in those with whom He deigns to dwell. "Holiness becometh
Thy house, O Lord, forever." It was a privilege of the very highest
order to have Jehovah dwelling in their midst; but it demanded
holiness. He could not connect His name with unjudged sin.
Impossible. It would be a denial of His nature, and God cannot deny
Himself. He must have the place where He dwells suited to His nature
and character. "Be ye holy, for I am holy." This is a grand,
fundamental truth, which must be tenaciously held and reverently
confessed. It must never be surrendered.

But let us glance for a moment at the history of the ark in the land
of the Philistines. It is at once solemn and instructive. Israel had
signally failed and shamefully sinned. They had proved themselves
wholly unworthy of the ark of the covenant of the Lord; and the
Philistines had laid their uncircumcised hands upon it, and actually
presumed to bring it into the house of their false god, as if the Lord
God of Israel and Dagon could be in the same house! Blasphemous
presumption! But the glory which had departed from Israel was
vindicated in the darkness and solitude of the temple of Dagon.

God will be God, however His people may fail; and hence we see that
when Israel had utterly failed to guard the ark of His testimony, and
allowed it to pass into the hands of the Philistines,--when all was
lost in man's hand,--then the glory of God shone out in power and
splendor: Dagon fell, and the whole land of the Philistines was made
to tremble beneath the hand of Jehovah. His presence was intolerable
to them, and they sought to get rid of it as soon as possible. It was
proved beyond all question to be utterly impossible that Jehovah and
the uncircumcised could go on together. Thus it was, thus it is, and
thus it ever must be. "What concord hath Christ with Belial?... And
what agreement hath the temple of God with idols?" None whatever.

Let us now turn for a few moments to chap. 7. Here we find another
condition of things altogether. Here we shall find something of the
empty vessel, and, as is ever the case, the fulness of God waiting
upon it. "And it came to pass, while the ark abode in Kirjath-jearim,
that the time was long; for it was twenty years: and _all the house of
Israel lamented after the Lord_." In chaps. 5 and 6 we see that the
Philistines could not do _with_ Jehovah. In chap. 7 we see that Israel
could not do _without_ Him. This is striking and instructive. The
world cannot endure the very thought of the presence of God. We see
this from the very moment of the fall, in Gen. 3. Man fled away from
God ere God drove him out of Eden. He could not endure the divine
presence. "I heard Thy voice in the garden, and I was afraid, because
I was naked; and I hid myself."

Thus it has ever been, from that moment to the present. As some one
has said, "If you could put an unconverted man into heaven, he would
get out of it as soon as possible." What a telling fact! How it stamps
the whole human race, and accounts for any depth of moral pravity into
which a member of that race may sink! If man cannot endure the
presence of God, where is he fit for, and what is he capable of?
Weighty and solemn questions!

But "all the house of Israel lamented after the Lord." Twenty long,
dreary years had rolled on without the blessed sense of His presence;
"And Samuel spake unto all the house of Israel, saying, If ye do
return unto the Lord _with all your hearts_, then put away the strange
gods, and Ashtaroth, from among you, and _prepare your hearts_ unto
the Lord, and serve Him _only_, and HE"--not the ark--"will deliver
you out of the hand of the Philistines. Then the children of Israel
did put away Baalim and Ashtaroth, and served the Lord only. And
Samuel said, Gather all Israel to Mizpeh, and I will pray for you unto
the Lord. And they gathered together to Mizpeh, and drew water, and
poured it out before the Lord, and fasted on that day, and said there,
We have sinned against the Lord" (chap. 7:2-6.)

Here we have a different condition of things altogether from that
presented in chap. 4. Here we see the empty vessel getting ready to
receive the fulness of God. There is no hollow assumption, no looking
to an outward form for salvation. All is reality, all heart-work here.
Instead of the boastful shout, there is the outpoured water--the
striking and expressive symbol of utter weakness and good-for-nothingness.
In a word, man is taking his right place; and that, as we know, is the
sure precursor of God taking His place. This great principle runs like
a beauteous golden line all through the divine volume, all through the
history of God's people, all through the history of souls. It is
wrapped up in that brief but comprehensive clause, "Repentance and
remission of sins." Repentance is man's true place. Remission of sins
is God's response. The former is the empty vessel; the latter, the
fulness of God. When these meet, all is settled.

This is very strikingly presented in the scene now before us. Israel
having taken their true place, God is free to act on their behalf.
They had confessed themselves to be as water poured upon the
ground--perfectly helpless, perfectly worthless. This was all they had
to say for themselves, and this was enough. God can now enter the
scene and make short work with the Philistines. "If God be for us, who
can be against us?"

"And Samuel took a sucking lamb, and offered it for a burnt offering
wholly unto the Lord: and Samuel cried unto the Lord for Israel; and
the Lord heard him. And as Samuel was offering up the burnt offering,
the Philistines drew near to battle against Israel"--How little they
knew whom they were coming against, or who was about to meet them!
"But the Lord thundered with a great thunder on that day upon the
Philistines, and discomfited them; and they were smitten before
Israel.... Then Samuel took a stone, and set it between Mizpeh and
Shen, and called the name of it Eben-ezer (the stone of help), saying,
Hitherto hath the Lord helped us."

What a contrast between Israel's boastful shout in chap. 4 and
Jehovah's thunder in chap. 7! The former was human pretension; the
latter, divine power. _That_ was instantly followed by humiliating
defeat; _this_, by splendid triumph. The Philistines knew nothing of
what had taken place--the water poured out, the penitential cry, the
offering up of the lamb, the priestly intercession. What could
uncircumcised Philistines know about these precious realities? Just
nothing. When the earth rang with Israel's pretentious shout, they
could take cognizance of that. The men of the world can understand and
appreciate self-assertion and self-confidence; but these are the very
things that shut out God. On the other hand, a broken heart, a
contrite spirit, a lowly mind, are His delight. When Israel took the
low place, the place of self-judgment and confession, then Jehovah's
thunder was heard, and the host of the Philistines was scattered and
confounded. The fulness of God ever waits on an empty vessel. Blessed,
precious truth! May we enter more fully into its depth, fulness,
power, and scope!

Ere closing this brief paper, I would just observe that 1 Sam. 4 and 7
remind us of the churches of Laodicea and Philadelphia, in Rev. 3. The
former presents to us a condition which we should sedulously avoid;
the latter, a condition which we should diligently and earnestly
cultivate. In that, we see miserable self-complacency, and Christ left
outside. In this, we see conscious weakness and nothingness, but
Christ exalted, loved, and honored; His Word kept, and His Name
prized.

And be it remembered that these things run on to the end. It is very
instructive to see that the last four of the seven churches give us
four phases of the Church's history right on to the end. In Thyatira,
we find Romanism; in Sardis, Protestantism. In Philadelphia, as we
have said, we have that condition of soul, that attitude of heart,
which every true believer and every assembly of believers should
diligently cultivate and faithfully exhibit. Laodicea, on the
contrary, presents a condition of soul and an attitude of heart from
which we should shrink with godly fear. Philadelphia is as grateful as
Laodicea is loathsome to the heart of Christ. The former, He will make
a pillar in the temple of His God; the latter, He will spew out of His
mouth, and Satan will take it up and make it a cage of every unclean
and hateful bird--Babylon! An awful consideration for all whom it may
concern. And let us never forget that for any to pretend to be
Philadelphia is really the spirit of Laodicea. Wherever you find
pretension, assumption, self-assertion or self-complacency, there you
have, in spirit and principle, Laodicea--from which may the good Lord
deliver all His people!

Beloved, let us be content to be nothing and nobody in this scene of
self-exaltation. Let it be our aim to walk in the shade, as far as
human thoughts are concerned, yet never be out of the sunshine of our
Father's countenance. In a word, let us ever bear in mind that "_the
fulness of God ever waits on an empty vessel_."

                                                        C. H. M.




                           DIVINE TITLES.


It is at once interesting, instructive and edifying to mark the
various titles under which God appears in the Holy Scriptures. These
titles are expressive of certain characters and relationships in which
God has been pleased to reveal Himself to man; and we are persuaded
that the Christian reader will find solid profit and real spiritual
refreshment and blessing in the study of this subject. We can do
little more in this brief paper than offer a suggestion or two,
leaving the reader to search the Scriptures for himself, in order to a
full understanding of the true meaning and proper application of the
various titles.

In the first chapter of Genesis we have the first great title--"God"
(Elohim): "In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth."
This presents God in unapproachable, incomprehensible Deity. "No man
hath seen God at any time." We hear His voice and see His work in
creation; but Himself no man hath seen or can see. He dwelleth in the
light which no man can approach unto.

But in Gen. ii. we have another title added to God, namely, "Lord"
(Jehovah). Why is this? Because man is now on the scene, and "Lord" is
expressive of the divine relation with man. Precious truth! It is
impossible to read these two chapters and not be struck with the
difference of the titles "God" and "the Lord God"--"Elohim" and
"Jehovah Elohim"; and the difference is at once beautiful and
instructive.[1]

  [1] We shall here give the various divine titles given in Scripture;
  and the reader can, if so led, examine for himself the passages in
  which they occur, and see the way in which they are applied.

  "Elohim"--God. "Jehovah"--Lord. "Adonai," also rendered Lord; see Ps.
  xvi. 2. Adonai, or Adon, has been taken to mean _Ruler_, or
  _Sovereign_, from the root "Dan," to judge. In some English Bibles,
  Jehovah is rendered in capital letters, LORD; Adonai, Lord. Thus the
  distinction is easily seen. "O my soul, thou hast said, Jehovah, Thou
  art my Adonai" (Ps. xvi. 2). This is very striking, and most
  beautiful.

  Then, in Gen. xiv. 22, we have "Elion"--the Most High God. This is His
  millennial title. And in chapter xvii. 1 we have "Shaddai"--the
  Almighty. "I am the Almighty God: walk before Me, and be thou
  perfect." In Psalm xci. 1. 2, we have a very beautiful application:
  "He that dwelleth in the secret places of Elion shall abide under the
  shadow of Shaddai. I will say of Jehovah, He is my refuge and my
  fortress; my Elohim; in Him will I trust." All this is full of
  precious instruction; and we trust the reader may be led to pursue the
  study for himself. It is hardly needful to add that, for the ineffable
  title and relationship of "Father," we must turn to the New Testament.

Gen. vii. 16 presents an interesting example, "And they that went in,
went in male and female of all flesh, as _God_ had commanded him: and
the _Lord_ shut him in." God, in His government, was about to destroy
the human race, and every living thing. But Jehovah, in infinite
grace, shut Noah in. Mark the distinction. If a mere man were writing
the history, he might transpose the titles, not seeing what was
involved. Not so the Holy Spirit. He brings out the lovely point of
Jehovah's relationship with Noah. Elohim was going to judge the world;
but as Jehovah He had His eye upon His beloved servant Noah, and
graciously sheltered him in the vessel of mercy. How perfect is
Scripture! How edifying and refreshing to trace the moral glories of
the divine volume!

Let us turn to a passage in 1 Sam. xvii., where we have the record of
David's encounter with Goliath. He boldly tells the giant what he is
about to do, both to him and to the host of the Philistines, in order
"that all _the earth_ may know that there is a _God_ (Elohim) in
Israel. And all this assembly shall know that the _Lord_ (Jehovah)
saveth not with sword and spear: for the battle is Jehovah's, and He
will give you into our hands" (vers. 46, 47).

"All the earth" was to know and own the presence of God in the midst
of His people. They could know nothing of the precious relationship
involved in the title "Jehovah." This latter was for the assembly of
Israel alone. They were to know not only His presence in their midst,
but His blessed mode of acting. To the world He was Elohim, to His
beloved people He was Jehovah.

Well may these exquisite touches command our hearts' admiration. Oh,
the living depths, the moral glories, of that peerless Revelation
which our Father has graciously penned for our comfort and
edification! We must confess it gives us unspeakable delight to dwell
on these things and point them out to the reader, in this infidel day
when the divine inspiration of Holy Scripture is boldly called in
question, in quarters where we should least expect it. But we have
something better to do just now than replying to the contemptible
assaults of infidelity. We are thoroughly persuaded that the most
effective safeguard against all such assaults is to have the word of
Christ dwelling in us richly, in all its living, formative power. To
the heart thus filled and fortified, the most plausible and powerful
arguments of all infidel writers are but as the pattering of rain on
the window.

We shall give the reader only one more illustration of our subject
from the Old Testament. It occurs in the interesting history of
Jehoshaphat (2 Chron. xviii. 31). "And it came to pass, when the
captains of the chariots saw Jehoshaphat, that they said, It is the
king of Israel. Therefore they compassed about him to fight: but
Jehoshaphat cried out, and _the Lord_ (Jehovah) helped _him_; and
_God_ (Elohim) moved _them_ to depart from him."

This is deeply affecting. Jehoshaphat had put himself into an utterly
false position. He had linked himself with the most ungodly of
Israel's kings. He had even gone so far as to say to the wicked Ahab,
"I am as thou art, and my people as thy people; and we will be with
thee in the war." No marvel, therefore, if the Syrian captains
mistook him for Ahab. It was only taking him at his word. But when
brought down to the very lowest point--into the very shadow of
death--"he cried out;" and that cry went up to the gracious and
ever-attentive ear of Jehovah, who had said, "Call upon Me in the day
of trouble; I will deliver thee." Precious grace!

But mark the lovely accuracy in the use and application of the divine
titles--for this is our thesis. "He cried out, and Jehovah helped
him;" and--what then? A mere human author would doubtless have put it
thus: "Jehovah helped him, and moved them." But no; Jehovah had, as
such, nothing to do with uncircumcised Syrians. His eye was upon his
dear, though erring, servant; His heart was toward him, and His
everlasting arms around him. There was no link between Jehovah and the
Syrians; but Elohim, whom they knew not, moved them away.

Who can fail to see the beauty and perfection of all this? Is it not
plain to the reader that the stamp of a divine hand is visible upon
the three passages which we have culled for his consideration? Yes,
and so it is upon every clause, from cover to cover, of the divine
volume. Let no one suppose for a moment that we want to occupy our
readers with curious points, nice distinctions, or learned criticisms.
Nothing is further from our thoughts. We would not pen a line for any
or all of these objects. As God is our witness, our one great object
in writing this paper is to deepen in the hearts of our readers the
sense of the preciousness, beauty and excellency of the Holy
Scriptures, given of God for the guidance, help and blessing of His
people in this dark world. If this object be gained, we have our full
reward.

But we cannot close without referring, for a moment, to the precious
pages of the New Testament. We shall ask the reader to turn to Rom.
xv., in which we have God presented to us under three distinct titles,
each one of which is in perfect and beautiful keeping with the
immediate subject in hand. Thus, in the opening verses of the chapter,
which properly belong to chapter xiv., the inspired apostle is urging
upon us the necessity of patience, forbearance, and kindly
consideration one of another. And to whom does he direct us for power
to respond to those holy and much-needed exhortations? "To the God of
patience and consolation." He presents God in the very character in
which we need Him. Our small stock of patience would soon be exhausted
in seeking to meet the varied characters which cross our path, even in
intercourse with our brethren. There are constant claims upon our
patience and forbearance; and most surely others have need of patience
and forbearance with us. Where are we all to get the means of meeting
all these claims? At the exhaustless treasury of "the God of patience
and consolation." Our tiny springs would soon dry up if not kept in
unbroken connection with that ever-flowing Fountain. The weight of a
feather would be an overmatch for _our_ patience; how much more the
ten thousand things that come before us even in the Church of God!

Hence the need of the beautiful prayer of the apostle, "Now the God of
patience and consolation grant you to be likeminded one toward
another, according to Christ Jesus; that ye may with one mind and one
mouth glorify God, even the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ. Wherefore
receive ye one another, as Christ also received us to the glory of
God."

Here lies the grand secret, the divine power of receiving one another,
and going on together in holy love, heavenly patience, and tender
consideration. We cannot get on otherwise. It is only by habitual
communion with the God of patience and consolation that we shall be
able to rise above the numberless hindrances to confidence and
fellowship that continually present themselves, and walk in fervent
love to all who love our Lord Jesus Christ in sincerity.

But we must draw this paper to a close, and shall merely glance at the
other divine titles presented in our chapter. When the apostle speaks
of the future glory, his heart at once turns to God in the very
character suited to the subject before him. "Now _the God of hope_
fill you with all joy and peace in believing, that ye may abound in
hope, through the power of the Holy Ghost." If we would have the hope
of glory heightened in our souls--and truly we need it--we must turn
our eyes to "the God of hope."

How marked and striking is the application of the divine titles,
wherever we turn! Whatever may be the character of our need, God
presents Himself to our hearts in the very way adapted to meet it.
Thus, at the close of the chapter, when the apostle turns his eyes
towards Judea, and the difficulties and the dangers awaiting him, his
heart springs up to "_the God of peace_." Precious resource in all our
varied exercises, anxieties, sorrows, and cares!

In a word, whatever we want, we have just to turn in simple faith to
God, and find it all in Him. God--blessed forever be His name--is the
one grand and all-sufficient answer to our every need, from the
starting-point to the goal of our Christian career. Oh for artless
faith to use Him!




                         A HELP OR A HINDRANCE: WHICH?

                    (_A Question for All in the Assembly._)


Of the many favors conferred upon us by our ever-gracious Lord, one of
the very highest is the privilege of being present in the assembly of
His beloved people, where He has recorded His name. We may assert with
all possible confidence that every true lover of Christ will delight
to be found where He has promised to be. Whatever may be the special
character of the meeting; whether it be round the Lord's table, to
show forth His death; or round the Word, to learn His mind; or round
the mercy-seat, to tell Him our need, and draw from His exhaustless
treasury, every devoted heart will long to be there: and we may rest
assured that any one who wilfully neglects the assembly is in a cold,
dead, dangerous state of soul. To neglect the assembling of ourselves
is to take the first step on the inclined plane that leads down to the
total abandonment of Christ and His precious interests. See Heb. x.
25-27.

And here, at the very outset, we would remind the reader that the
object of this brief paper is not to discuss the oft-raised question,
"How are we to know what meeting to go to?" This is, assuredly, a
question of cardinal importance, which every Christian--man, woman,
and child--is bound and privileged to have divinely settled ere he
takes his place in an assembly. To go to a meeting without knowing the
ground on which such meeting is gathered, is to act in ignorance or
indifference wholly incompatible with the fear of the Lord and the
love of His Word.

But we repeat, this question is not now before us. We are not occupied
with the ground of the meeting, but with _our state and conduct on the
ground_--a question, surely, of vast moral importance to every soul
professing to be gathered in or to the name of Him who is holy and
true. In a word, our thesis is distinctly stated at the head of this
article. We assume that the reader is clear as to the ground of the
assembly, and hence our immediate business with him just now is to
raise the solemn question in his heart and conscience, "Am I a help,
or a hindrance, to the assembly?" That each individual member is
either the one or the other is as clear as it is weighty and
practical.

If the reader will just open his Bible, and read, thoughtfully and
prayerfully, 1 Cor. xii., he will find most clearly established the
great practical truth that each member of the body exerts an influence
on all the rest; just as, in the human body, if there be anything
wrong with the very feeblest and most obscure member, all the members
feel it, through the head. If there be a broken nail, a broken tooth,
a foot out of joint; any limb, muscle or nerve out of order, it is a
hindrance to the whole body. Thus it is in the Church of God, the body
of Christ: "If one member suffer, all the members suffer with it; or
if one member be honored, all the members rejoice with it." The state
of each member affects the whole body. Hence it follows that each
member is either a help or a hindrance to all. What a profound truth!
Yes, and it is as practical as it is profound.

And be it remembered that the apostle is not speaking of any mere
local assembly, but of the whole body, of which, no doubt, each
particular assembly ought to be the local expression. Thus he says, in
addressing the assembly at Corinth, "Now _ye are the body of Christ_,
and members in particular." True, there were other assemblies; and had
the apostle been addressing any of them on the same subject, he would
have used the same language; for what was true of each was true of
all; and what was true of the whole was true of each local expression.
Nothing can be clearer, nothing simpler, nothing more deeply
practical. The whole subject furnishes three most precious and
powerful motives for a holy, earnest, devoted life--namely, first,
that we may not dishonor the Head to whom we are united; secondly,
that we may not grieve the Holy Spirit by whom we are united; and,
thirdly, that we may not injure the members with whom we are united.

Can anything exceed the moral power of such motives as these? Oh that
they were more fully realized among God's beloved people! It is one
thing to hold and teach the doctrine of the unity of the body, and
quite another thing to enter into and exhibit its holy formative
power. Alas, the poor human intellect may discuss and traffic in the
highest truths, while the heart, the conscience and the life have
never felt their holy influence! This is a most solemn consideration
for every one. May we ponder it in our hearts, and may it tell upon
our whole life and character. May the truth of the "one body" be a
grand moral reality to every member of that body on the face of the
earth.

Here we might close this paper, feeling, as we do, that if the
glorious truth on which we have been dwelling were held in the living
power of faith by all the Lord's beloved people, then, assuredly,
_all_ the precious practical results would follow. But in sitting down
to write, there was one special branch of the subject prominently
before the mind; and that is, the way in which the various meetings
are affected by the condition of soul, the attitude of heart, and the
state of mind, of all who attend. We repeat, and with emphasis, all
who attend--not merely all who audibly take part, but all who form the
meeting.

No doubt a special and very weighty responsibility rests on those who
take any part in the ministry, whether it be in giving out a hymn,
engaging in prayer or thanksgiving, reading the Word, teaching, or
exhortation. All who do so should be very sure that they are simply
the instruments in the hand of the Lord for whatever they undertake to
do. Otherwise they may do serious damage to the meeting. They may
quench the Spirit, hinder the worship, interrupt the communion, mar
the integrity of the occasion.

All this is most serious, and calls for holy watchfulness on the part
of all who engage in any branch of ministry in the assembly. Even a
hymn may prove a hindrance; it may interrupt the current of the Spirit
in the assembly. Yea, the precious word of God may be read out of
place. In short, whatever is not the direct fruit of the Spirit can
only hinder the edification and blessing of the assembly. All who take
part in the ministry should have the distinct sense that they are led
by the Spirit in what they do. They should be governed by the one
commanding, absorbing object--the glory of Christ in the assembly, and
the blessing of the assembly in Him. "Let all things be done unto
edifying" (1 Cor. xiv. 26). If it be not thus, they had better be
quiet, and wait on the Lord. They will render more glory to Christ and
more blessing to the assembly by quiet waiting than by restless action
and unprofitable talking.

But while feeling and owning the gravity of all that has to be said in
reference to the holy responsibility of all who minister in the
assembly, we are thoroughly persuaded that the tone, character and
general effect of public meetings are very intimately connected with
_the moral and spiritual condition of all_. It is this, we confess,
that weighs upon the heart, and leads us to pen this brief address to
every assembly under the sun. Every soul in the meeting is either a
help or a hindrance, a contributor or a waster. All who attend in a
devout, earnest, loving spirit; who come simply to meet the Lord
Himself; who flock to the assembly as the place where His precious
name is recorded; who delight to be there because He is there--all
such are a real help and blessing to a meeting. May God increase their
number. If all assemblies were made up of such blessed elements, what
a different tale would have to be told!

And why not? It is not a question of gift or knowledge, but of grace
and godliness, true piety and prayerfulness. In a word, it is simply a
question of that condition of soul in which every child of God and
every servant of Christ ought to be, and without which the most
shining gifts and the most extensive knowledge are a hindrance and a
snare. Mere gift and intelligence, without an exercised conscience and
the fear of God, may be, and have been, used of the enemy for the
moral ruin of souls. But where there is true humility, and that
seriousness and reality which the sense of the presence of God ever
produces, there you have what will most surely, gift or no gift,
impart depth of tone, freshness, and a spirit of worship, to an
assembly.

There is a vast difference between an assembly of people gathered
round some gifted man, and one gathered simply to the Lord Himself, on
the ground of the one body. It is one thing to be gathered _by_
ministry, and quite another to be gathered _to_ it. If people are
merely gathered to ministry, when the ministry goes they are apt to
go too. But when earnest, true-hearted, devoted souls are gathered
simply to the Lord Himself, then, while they are most thankful for
true ministry when they can get it, they are not dependent upon it.
They do not value gift less, but they value the Giver more. They are
thankful for the streams, but they depend _only_ upon the Fountain.

It will invariably be found that those who can do best without
ministry, value it most when they get it. In a word, they give it its
true place. But those who attach undue importance to gift, who are
always complaining of the lack of it, and cannot enjoy a meeting
without it, are a hindrance and a source of weakness to the assembly.

And, alas, there are other hindrances and sources of weakness which
demand the serious consideration of all. We should, each one of us, as
we take our places in the assembly, honestly put the question to our
hearts, "Am I a help, or a hindrance--a contributor, or a waster?" If
we come in a cold, hard, careless state of soul--come in a merely
formal manner, unjudged, unexercised, unbroken; in a fault-finding,
murmuring, complaining spirit, judging everything and everybody except
ourselves--then, most assuredly, we are a serious hindrance to the
blessing, the profit and the happiness of the meeting. We are the
broken nail, the broken tooth, or the foot out of joint. How
sorrowful, how humiliating, how terrible is all this! May we watch
against it, pray against it, firmly disallow it.

But, on the other hand, those who present themselves in the assembly
in a loving, gracious, Christlike spirit; who delight to meet their
brethren, whether round the Table, round the fountain of Holy
Scripture, or round the mercy-seat for prayer; who, in their hearts'
deep and tender affections, embrace all the members of the beloved
body of Christ; whose eyes are not dimmed, nor their affections
chilled by dark suspicions, evil surmisings, or unkindly feelings
toward any around them; who have been taught of God to love their
brethren, to look at them "from the top of the rocks," and see them
"in the vision of the Almighty;" who are ready to profit by whatever
the gracious Lord sends them, even though it may not come through some
brilliant gift or favorite teacher--all such are a divinely sent
blessing to the assembly, wherever they are. Again we say, with a full
heart, may God add to their number. If all assemblies were composed of
such, it would be the very atmosphere of heaven itself; the name of
Jesus would be as ointment poured forth; every eye would be fixed on
Him, every heart absorbed with Him, and there would be a more powerful
testimony to His name and presence in our midst than could be rendered
by the most brilliant gift.

May the gracious Lord pour out His blessing upon all His assemblies
throughout the whole earth. May He deliver them from every hindrance,
every weight, every stumbling-block, every root of bitterness. May the
hearts of all be knit together in sweet confidence and true brotherly
love. May He crown with His richest blessing the labors of all His
beloved servants at home and abroad, cheering their hearts and
strengthening their hands, giving them to be stedfast and unmovable,
always abounding in His precious work, in the assurance that their
labor is not in vain.




                    THE DISCIPLINE OF THE ASSEMBLY;

                    ITS GROUND, NATURE, AND OBJECT.

     "Thy testimonies are very sure: holiness becometh Thy house,
                  O Lord, for ever" (Ps. xciii. 5).


Here we have, plainly set before us, the real ground of discipline in
the assembly. The place of God's presence must be holy: "Be ye holy,
for I am holy." It is not upon the miserable principle of "stand by
thyself, I am holier than thou." No, thank God, it is not this. It is
not upon the ground of what we are, but what God is, that discipline
is exercised. To allow unjudged evil, either in doctrine or practice,
in the assembly, is tantamount to saying that God and evil can go on
together--which is simply wickedness.

But some persons maintain that we are not to judge, and Matthew vii. 1
is quoted in proof. We reply that the passage has nothing to say to
the assembly; it simply teaches us, as individuals, not to judge
motives. Further on in the chapter, we are told to beware of false
prophets. How can we beware, if we are not to judge? "By their fruits
ye shall know them." So that, even as individuals, we are to judge
conduct. We are not to judge _motives_ but _fruits_. In 1 Corinthians
v., the assembly is peremptorily called to judge and put away an evil
doer. "In the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, when ye are gathered
together, and my spirit, with the power of our Lord Jesus Christ, to
deliver such an one unto Satan for the destruction of the flesh, that
the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus." And then, at
the end of the chapter, we read: "Do not ye judge them that are
within? But them that are without God judgeth. Therefore put away from
among yourselves that wicked person."

This is clear and conclusive. The assembly is solemnly bound to
exercise discipline--bound to judge and put away evil-doers. To refuse
to do so is to become a leavened lump; and, most assuredly, God and
unjudged leaven cannot go on together.

Mark, we speak of _unjudged_ leaven. We know, alas, that there is evil
in every member of the assembly; but if it is judged and refused, it
does not defile the assembly, or hinder the enjoyment of the divine
Presence. It was not the evil in the man's nature that caused him to
be put away, but the evil in his life. If he had judged and refused
the sin in his nature, the assembly would not have been called to
judge and refuse him. All this is as simple as it is solemn. An
assembly that refuses to judge evil, in doctrine or morals, is not an
assembly of God. There may be children of God in it, but they are in a
false and dangerous position; and if the assembly persists in
refusing to judge the evil, they should, with firm decision, turn
away from it. They are solemnly called upon to do so: "Let every one
that nameth the name of the Lord depart from iniquity."

But there are many who do not understand the truth as to the assembly,
or its discipline, and they bring forward Matthew xiii. 30 as a proof
that evil-doers are not to be put away from the assembly, or the
Lord's table. The tares and the wheat are to grow together until the
harvest, they say. Yes; but where? In the assembly? Nay; but in the
field, and "the field is the _world_"--not the Church. To argue that,
because the tares and wheat are to grow together in the world,
therefore evil-doers are to be knowingly allowed in the assembly, is
to place the teaching of our Lord Jesus Christ, in Matthew xiii., in
direct opposition to the teaching of the Holy Spirit in 1 Corinthians
v. Hence, this argument cannot stand for a moment, but must be flung
to the winds. To confound the Kingdom of Heaven, in the Gospel of
Matthew, with the Church of God, in the epistles of Paul, is to mar
the integrity of the truth of God, and plunge the Lord's people into
utter confusion. Indeed, no human language could adequately set forth
the deplorable consequences of such a system of teaching. But this is
a digression from our subject, to which we must return.

Having proved from the plainest statements of Holy Scripture that the
assembly is solemnly bound to judge those that are within, and put
away evil-doers, we shall now proceed to consider the nature,
character, and spirit of the discipline which the assembly is called
to exercise. Nothing can be more solemn or more affecting than the act
of putting away a person from the Lord's table. It is the last sad and
unavoidable act of the whole assembly, and it should be performed with
broken hearts and weeping eyes. Alas how often it is otherwise! How
often does this most solemn and holy duty take the form of a mere
official announcement that such a person is out of fellowship. Need we
wonder that discipline, so carried out, fails to tell with power upon
the erring one, or upon the assembly?

How then should the discipline be carried out? Just as 1 Corinthians
v. directs. When the case is so patent, so clear, that all discussion
and deliberation is at an end, the whole assembly should be solemnly
convened for the special purpose--for, most assuredly, it is of
sufficient gravity and importance to command a special meeting. All
should, if possible, attend, and seek grace to make the sin their own,
to go down before God in true self-judgment, and eat the sin offering.
The assembly is not called to deliberate or discuss. If there is any
demand for discussion, the assembly is not called to act. The case
should be thoroughly investigated, and all the facts collected by
those who care for the interests of Christ and His Church; and when it
is thoroughly settled, and the evidence perfectly conclusive, then the
whole assembly is called to perform, in deep sorrow and humiliation,
the sad act of putting away from among themselves the evil-doer. It is
an act of holy obedience to the Lord's command.

We cannot but feel that, were the assembly's discipline carried out in
this spirit, we should see very different results. How different is
this from the formal reading out of a notice in the course, or at the
close, of an ordinary meeting--a notice often unheard by many. It is
an entirely different thing, and it would be attended with very
different results, both as to the assembly and the person put away.
There would be a much more profound sense, on all hands, of the
gravity and solemnity of the assembly's discipline. And oh, what
urgent need there is of this in all our assemblies! We are sadly prone
to be light and trifling.

We would repeat, and emphasize the statement, that the putting away of
a person from the Lord's table, as well as the reception, must be the
act of the whole assembly. No one has any right to tell another to
remain away from the table. If I know of any brother who is living in
sin, I should seek to exercise his conscience in a pastoral way. I
should warn him, and seek to lead him to self-judgment. If he
persists, I should bring his case before those who really care for the
honor of Christ and the purity of His assembly. Then, if there be no
hope, and no possible ground for demur, the assembly should be called
together to act, and the occasion might be used for setting before the
consciences of all the solemnity of the ground occupied by the
assembly, and the holiness that becometh the house of the Lord
forever.

We cannot too strongly protest against the idea of the whole assembly
being called to discuss cases of discipline. We may well say, "Doth
not even nature itself teach" the unseemliness of bringing the details
of a case of immorality, for example, before a promiscuous assembly?
It is contrary to God, and contrary to nature.

       *       *       *       *       *

And now, in conclusion, one word as to the object of the assembly's
discipline. The inspired apostle tells us, in Cor. v., that it is
salvation--"that the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord
Jesus." This is very precious. It is worthy of the God of all grace.
The man is delivered to Satan for the destruction of that odious thing
which has caused his humiliating fall, _that his spirit may be saved
in the day of the Lord Jesus_.

Let us never forget this. We should ever be on the lookout for this
precious result when any one has to be put away. We should wait much
on the Lord to own the action of the assembly in this way. We should
not put away evil-doers in order to get rid of a disgrace or a trouble
to us, but to maintain the holiness of the Lord's house, and for the
ultimate salvation of those put away.

And here we may remark that the discipline of the assembly can never
interfere with the unity of the body. Some persons speak of cutting
off the members of the body of Christ, when any are refused or put
away by the assembly. This is a grave mistake. The man in 1 Cor. v.
was a member of the body, and nothing could touch that blessed
membership. He was put away, not because he was unconverted, but
because he defiled the assembly. But the discipline was used for the
ultimate blessing of a member of the body. No member of the body can
ever be cut off. All are indissolubly joined to the Head in heaven,
and to the members on earth, by the Holy Ghost. "By one Spirit we are
all baptized into one body."

This is divinely simple and clear, and moreover it is a conclusive
answer to the statement so constantly made, namely, that, provided a
person is a Christian, he ought not to be put away or refused by the
assembly. No such question is ever raised. To put away a person for
not being a Christian is opposed to the spirit and teaching of the
word of God. Even under the Old Testament economy people were not put
outside the camp for not being the seed of Abraham, or circumcised
members of the congregation, but because they were ceremonially
defiled. See Num. v.

       *       *       *       *       *

P. S.--There is a character of discipline presented in 2 Thess. iii.
which demands our serious attention: "Now we command you, brethren, in
the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that ye _withdraw yourselves_ from
every brother that walketh disorderly, and not after the tradition
which he received of us.... If any man obey not our word by this
epistle, note that man, and have no company with him, that he may be
ashamed. Yet count him not as an enemy, but admonish him as a
brother."

This is what we may call personal discipline in private life--a very
important thing, much needed, alas, but not generally understood. It
is not a case calling for the action of the assembly, but for faithful
personal dealing. The disorderly walking referred to is a brother not
working, but going about as an idle busybody. Such a one was to be
admonished, and avoided. Now we cannot help thinking that this form of
discipline is much called for. There are many whose ways, though not
of such a character as to call for excommunication, do, nevertheless,
demand faithful dealing: for example, persons going in debt, living
beyond their means, dressing in a vain, fashionable style, unbecoming
a Christian; and many other things inconsistent with the holiness,
purity and solemnity of the Lord's table and the assembly. If all such
cases were dealt with according to the apostolic command in 2 Thess.
iii., we believe it would prove a real blessing to many.

We need hardly add that it needs much grace, much spiritual wisdom,
much of the mind of Christ, much nearness to God, to carry out this
sort of discipline; but we are persuaded it demands the prayerful
attention of Christians; and we may confidently count on the grace of
God to enable us to act for Him in this matter.




THE CHRISTIAN'S MISSION: AND HOW TO FULFIL IT.[2]


  [2] This little book is sent forth to the Church of God--"to all that,
  in every place, call on the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, both theirs
  and ours"--with earnest prayer that it may be used of the Holy Spirit
  to awaken in the hearts of all who may read it a true sense of the
  Christian's mission, and a fixed purpose to seek, by the grace of God,
  to fulfil it.

  We need to be reminded, in days like the present, that every child of
  God, every member of the body of Christ, whatever be his position or
  sphere of action, has a mission to fulfil--a work to do for Christ. He
  may not be called to be an evangelist, a pastor, or a teacher: but he
  is called to live Christ--to represent Him--to be a channel of
  communication between His loving heart and every form of need, in this
  poor dark, cold, selfish world. This is the Christian's mission; may
  every Christian seek to fulfil it!

"In those days the multitude being very great and having nothing to
eat, Jesus called his disciples unto Him, and saith unto them, I have
compassion on the multitude, because they have now been with Me three
days, and have nothing to eat: and if I send them away fasting to
their own houses, they will faint by the way; for divers of them came
from far. And His disciples answered Him, From whence can a man
satisfy these men with bread here in the wilderness? And He asked
them, How many loaves have ye? And they said, Seven. And He commanded
the people to sit down on the ground; and He took the seven loaves,
and gave thanks, and brake, and gave to His disciples to set before
them; and they did set them before the people. And they had a few
small fishes; and He blessed, and commanded to set them also before
them. So they did eat, and were filled; and they took up of the broken
meat that was left, seven baskets. And they that had eaten were about
four thousand, and He sent them away" (Mark viii. 1-9).

The foregoing passage presents a very striking and beautiful
illustration of one special feature of the Christian's mission in this
world, which the reader will do well to ponder. It is of immense
importance, and of universal application. It concerns every child of
God. We have each one to remember, that we are sent into this world to
be a channel of communication between the heart of Christ and every
form of need that may cross our path from day to day.

This is an interesting and lovely feature of the Christian's mission.
True, it is only one of the many features, but it is one of exceeding
preciousness and beauty. It is pre-eminently practical too, as we
shall see.

Of course, of necessity, it assumes that I am a Christian. If I do not
know that I have eternal life, if I am at all doubtful as to my
eternal salvation, if I do not know Christ as my own precious Saviour
and Lord--the portion, the object, and the resting-place of my
heart--to occupy myself with the Christian's mission is simply to
deceive myself, and blind my eyes to my true condition. A known and
enjoyed salvation, and a known and enjoyed Saviour and Lord, are
absolutely essential conditions for it.

Having said thus much, to guard the reader against self-deception, as
also to guard our subject against any misapprehension, we shall look,
for a few moments, at the lovely passage which stands at the head of
this paper. May the blessed Spirit open and apply it to our hearts!

"In those days, the multitude being _very great_, and having _nothing
to eat_." Here was the state of the case--great need, and no apparent
resources to meet it. But Jesus was there--blessed be His holy
name!--in all the love of His heart, and the almighty power of His
hand. He was there who, of old, had fed three millions of people, in a
vast howling wilderness, for forty years. Yes, He was there, and, of
course, He could at once, and directly, have met the need without
calling His poor unbelieving and self-occupied disciples into the
scene at all. He could have summoned angelic messengers from heaven to
wait upon those hungry thousands.

But He did neither the one nor the other, because it was His gracious
purpose to use His disciples as channels of communication between
Himself and that vast hungry multitude. Not merely as instruments of
His _power_, which angels might be, but the very expression of His
_heart_.

And let us note _how_ He did this. Had He merely intended to use them
as instruments of His power, it would have sufficed to put the ways
and means into their hands. But no; He wanted to make them channels
through which the tender compassion of His heart might flow out. And
how was this to be done? Thus: "He called his disciples unto Him, and
saith unto them, _I_ have compassion on the multitude, because they
have now been with Me three days, and have nothing to eat; and if I
send them away fasting to their own houses they will faint by the way;
for divers of them came from far."

Here, then, we have the true secret of preparation for our high and
holy mission. Our blessed Lord first gathers His disciples round
Himself, and seeks to fill their hearts with His own feelings and
thoughts ere He fills their hands with the loaves and fishes. It is as
if He had said, "I have compassion, and I want you to have it also. I
want you to enter into all my thoughts and feelings, to think as I do,
and feel as I do. I want you to look with mine eyes at this hungry
multitude, in order that you may be in a moral condition to be My
channels."

This is uncommonly fine. A person may say, "I long to be a channel,
but it seems quite too high, quite beyond me. How could I ever attain
to such a height?" The answer is, Get near enough to Christ to think
as He thinks, to feel as He feels. Drink into His spirit. This, be
assured of it, is the true, the only way to be a channel of
communication. If I say, "I must try and be a channel," I shall make a
fool of myself. But if I drink at the fountain of Christ's heart, I
shall be filled to overflowing, my whole moral being will be permeated
by His spirit, so that I shall be in a fit condition to be used by
Him, and I shall be sure to make a right use of--that is, to use for
Him--whatever ways and means He may put into my hands. If I get my
hands full of means, before my heart is full of Christ, I shall not
use the means for Him, I shall use them for my own glory, and not for
the glory of God.

Brethren, let us ponder this. Let us consider our mission, and the
true secret of fulfilling it. It is a grand point to have the heart
impressed with the fact, that we are called to be channels through
which the heart of Christ may flow out to His own, and to a needy
world. It is wonderful, it seems too good to be true; but, blessed be
God, it is as true as it is wonderful. Let us only seek to take it
in--to believe it, to make it our own. Let us not content ourselves
with admiring it as a beautiful theory, but seek to have it wrought
into our souls by the mighty power of the Holy Spirit.

But mark how slow the disciples were in responding to the desire of
the heart of Christ respecting them. It was His gracious purpose to
use them as His channels, to bestow upon them this immense privilege;
but they, like ourselves, were little able to appreciate it, simply
because they failed to enter into His thoughts, and to apprehend the
glory of His Person. "His disciples answered Him, From whence _can a
man_ satisfy these men with bread here in the wilderness?" On another
occasion they said, "We have here but five loaves and two fishes." Did
they not know, or had they forgotten, that they were in the immediate
presence of the Creator and Sustainer of the universe? True, He was
there in the lowly form of Jesus of Nazareth. His divine glory was
hidden from nature's view behind the veil of humanity. But they ought
to have known better who and what He was, and how to avail themselves
of His glorious presence, and of His unsearchable riches. Surely, had
their hearts at all apprehended the glory of His Person, they could
never have asked such a question as, "Whence can _a man_ satisfy these
men with bread here in the wilderness?" Moses, of old, had asked,
"Whence should _I_ have flesh to give to all this people?" God is shut
out by the poor unbelieving heart. Did Jehovah ask Moses to provide
flesh? Surely not. No mere man could do it. Neither could a mere man
feed four thousand in a desert place.

But God was there. Yes, it was God, speaking through human lips, who
had said, "I have compassion on the multitude." It was God who took
account of all the circumstances of each individual in that vast
multitude of hungry fainting people. He knew the exact distance each
one had travelled, and the length of time each one had been fasting.
He took account of the sure consequences of their being dismissed
without food. It was God who gave utterance to those touching words,
"I cannot send them away fasting, lest they faint by the way, for
divers of them came from far."

Yes, God was there, in all the tenderness of a love, which could take
account of the most minute details of a creature's weakness, and a
creature's necessity. There, too, in His almighty power and
exhaustless resources, and there to enable His poor disciples to be
the depositaries of His thoughts, the vessels of His goodness, the
channels of His grace. And what did they want, in order to be able to
fulfil their mission? Did they want to be, or to do, anything? No;
they simply wanted to see Him, and to use Him. They wanted to exercise
that simple faith which counts on God for everything, and finds all
its springs in Him.

Thus it was with the disciples, and thus it is with us. If we want to
act as the channels of the grace of Christ, we must have to do with
Him in the deep secret of our own souls. We must learn of Him; we must
feed upon Him; we must know the meaning of communion with His heart;
we must be near enough to Him to know the secrets of His mind, and
carry out the purposes of His love. If we would reflect Him, we must
gaze upon Him. If we would reproduce Him, we must feed upon Him, we
must have Him dwelling in our hearts by faith. We may depend upon it,
that what is really in our hearts will come out in our lives. We may
have a quantity of truth in our heads, and flippantly flowing from our
lips, but if we really desire to be channels of communication between
His heart and the needy ones in the scene through which we are
passing, we must habitually drink into His love. It cannot possibly be
in any other way. "He that believeth on Me, as the Scripture hath
said, out of his belly shall flow rivers of living water" (John viii.
38).

Here lies the grand secret of the whole matter: "If any man thirst,
let him come unto Me and drink." If the rivers are to flow, we must
drink. It cannot be otherwise. If every member of the Church of God
were in the power of this great principle, what a very different state
of things we should witness! And where lies the hindrance? We are not
straitened in our adorable Lord and Saviour. It is His desire to use
us, just as He used His disciples on the occasion before us. He
gathered them round Himself, and graciously sought to pour into their
hearts the compassion of His own heart, in order that they might feel
with Him, as the moral qualification for acting _for Him_. We may
always feel assured that where the heart is full of Christ, the power
to act will not be lacking.

But, alas! as it was with the disciples, so it is with us. They failed
in appreciating and using the power that was in their midst. They
said, "Whence can a man?" when they ought to have said, "We have
Christ." They practically ignored Him, and so do we. We make excuses
for our poverty, our indolence, our coldness, our indifference, by the
plea that we have not got this, and that, and the other; whereas, what
we really want is a heart full of Christ--full of His thoughts, full
of His love, full of His kindness, full of His tender consideration
for others, full of His beautiful self-forgetfulness. We complain of
our want of ways and means, when what we really want is the right
condition of soul--the true moral attitude of the heart, and this can
only spring from close intimacy with Christ, communion with his mind,
and drinking into His spirit.

We would very earnestly press this subject upon the Church of God. We
long to see every member of the body of Christ acting as a channel
through which His precious grace may flow out in living streams to all
around, shedding freshness and verdure in its course--and not a
stagnant pool, so strikingly illustrative of a Christian out of
communion.

       *       *       *       *       *

NOTE.--We should ever remember, that we are not to be _expectants_
from the scene around us, but _contributors_. A true contributor never
complains of want of love. He walks in love and manifests love: and
his language is, "I have all and abound." Oh, that it were thus with
us all!




                              EPAPHRAS;

                                 OR,

                        THE SERVICE OF PRAYER

                         Colossians iv. 12.


There is a very striking difference between the inspired records of
the people of God and all human biographies. The former may truly be
said to be "_much in little_;" while many of the latter may as truly
be said to be "_little in much_." The history of one of the Old
Testament saints--a history stretching over a period of 365 years--is
summed up in two short clauses--"Enoch walked with God; and he was
not, for God took him" (Gen. v. 24). How brief! but yet how full, how
comprehensive! How many volumes would man have filled with the records
of such a life! And yet, what more could he have said? To walk with
God comprehends all that could possibly be said of any one. A man may
travel round the globe; he may preach the gospel in every clime; he
may suffer in the cause of Christ; he may feed the hungry, clothe the
naked, visit the sick; he may read, write, print and publish; in
short, he may do all that ever man could or did do; and yet it may be
all summed up in that brief clause, "He walked with God." And right
well it will be for him if it can be so summed up. One may do nearly
all that has been enumerated and yet never walk with God one hour;
yea, one may not even know the meaning of a walk with God. The thought
of this is deeply solemnizing and practical. It should lead us to the
earnest cultivation of the hidden life, without which the most showy
services will prove to be but mere flash and smoke.

There is something peculiarly touching in the mode in which the name
of Epaphras is introduced to our notice in the New Testament. The
allusions to him are very brief, but very pithy. He seems to have been
the very stamp of man which is so much needed at the present moment.
His labors, so far as the inspired penman has recorded them, do not
seem to have been very showy or attractive. They were not calculated
to meet the human eye or elicit human praise. But oh, they were most
precious labors--peerless, priceless labors! They were the labors of
the closet, labors within the closed door, labors in the sanctuary,
labors without which all beside must prove barren and worthless. He is
not placed before us by the sacred biographer as a powerful preacher,
a laborious writer, a great traveler, which he may have been, and
which are all truly valuable in their place. The Holy Ghost, however,
has not told us that Epaphras was any of the three; but then, my
reader, He has placed this singularly interesting character before us
in a manner calculated to stir the depths of our moral and spiritual
being. He has presented him to us as _a man of prayer_--earnest,
fervent, agonizing prayer; prayer not for himself, but for others. Let
us harken to the inspired testimony:

"Epaphras, who is one of you, a servant of Christ, saluteth you,
always laboring fervently (agonizing) for you in prayers, that ye may
stand perfect and complete in all the will of God. For I bear him
record, that he hath a great zeal for you, and them that are in
Laodicea, and them in Hierapolis" (Col. iv. 12, 13). Such was
Epaphras! Would there were hundreds like him in this our day! We are
thankful for preachers, thankful for writers, thankful for travelers
in the cause of Christ; but we want men of prayer, men of the closet,
men like Epaphras. We are happy to see men on their feet preaching
Christ; happy to see them able to ply the pen of a ready writer in the
noble cause; happy to see them making their way, in the true
evangelistic spirit, into "the regions beyond"; happy to see them, in
the true pastoral spirit, going again and again to visit their
brethren in every city. God forbid that we should undervalue or speak
disparagingly of such honorable services; yea, we prize them more
highly than words could convey. But then, at the back of all we want a
spirit of prayer--fervent, agonizing, persevering prayer. Without
this, nothing can prosper. A prayerless man is a sapless man. A
prayerless preacher is a profitless preacher. A prayerless writer will
send forth barren pages. A prayerless evangelist will do but little
good. A prayerless pastor will have but little food for the flock. We
want men of prayer, men like Epaphras, men whose closet walls witness
their agonizing labors. These are, unquestionably, the men for the
present moment.

There are immense advantages attending the labors of the closet,
advantages quite peculiar, advantages for those who engage in them,
and advantages for those who are the subjects of them. They are quiet,
unobtrusive labors. They are carried on in retirement, in the
hallowed, soul-subduing solitude of the divine presence, outside the
range of mortal vision. How little would the Colossians have known of
the loving, earnest labors of Epaphras had the Holy Ghost not
mentioned them! It is possible that some of them might have deemed him
deficient in zealous care on their behalf: it is probable that there
were persons then, as there are those now, who would measure a man's
care or sympathy by his visits or letters. This would be a false
standard. They should see him on his knees to know the amount of his
care and sympathy. A love of travel _might_ take me from London to
Edinburgh to visit the brethren. A love of scribbling might lead me to
write letters by every mail. Nought save a love for souls, a love for
Christ, could ever lead me to agonize as Epaphras did, on behalf of
the people of God, "that they may stand perfect and complete in all
the will of God."

Again, the precious labors of the closet demand no special gift, no
peculiar talents, no preeminent mental endowments. Every Christian
can engage in them. A man may not have the ability to preach, teach,
write, or travel; but every man can pray. One sometimes hears of a
_gift_ of prayer. It is not a pleasant expression. It falls gratingly
on the ear. It often means a mere fluent utterance of certain known
truths which the memory retains and the lips give forth. This is poor
work to be at. This was not the way with Epaphras. This is not what we
want and long for. We want a real _spirit_ of prayer. We want a spirit
that enters into the present need of the Church, and bears that need
in persevering, fervent, believing intercession before the throne of
grace. This spirit may be exercised at all times, and under all
circumstances. Morning, noon, eventide or midnight will answer for the
closet laborer. The heart can spring upward to the throne in prayer
and supplication at any time. Our Father's ear is ever open, His
presence-chamber is ever accessible. Come when or with what we may, He
is always ready to hear, ready to answer. He is the Hearer, the
Answerer and the Lover of importunate prayer. He Himself has said,
"Ask ... Seek ... Knock"; "Men ought _always_ to pray, and not to
faint"; "All things whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing, ye
shall receive"; "If any man lack wisdom, let him ask of God." These
words are of universal application. They are intended for all God's
children. The feeblest child of God can pray, can watch, can get an
answer, and return thanks.

Furthermore, nothing is so calculated to give one a deep interest in
people as the habit of praying constantly for them. Epaphras would be
intensely interested in the Christians at Colosse, Laodicea, and
Hierapolis. His interest made him pray, and his prayers made him
interested. The more we are interested for any one, the more we shall
pray for him; and the more we pray, the more interested we become.
Whenever we are drawn out in prayer for people, we are sure to rejoice
in their growth and prosperity. So, also, in reference to the
unconverted. When we are led to wait on God about them, their
conversion is looked for with the deepest anxiety, and hailed, when it
comes, with unfeigned thankfulness. The thought of this should stir us
up to imitate Epaphras, on whom the Holy Ghost has bestowed the
honorable epithet of "a servant of Christ," in connection with his
fervent prayers for the people of God.

Finally, the highest inducement that can be presented to cultivate the
spirit of Epaphras is the fact of its being so directly in unison with
the spirit of Christ. This is the most elevated motive. Christ is
engaged on behalf of His people. He desires that they should "stand
perfect and complete in all the will of God;" and those who are led
forth in prayer in reference to this object are privileged to enjoy
high communion with the great Intercessor. How marvelous that poor,
feeble creatures down here should be permitted to pray about that
which engages the thoughts and interests of the Lord of glory! What a
powerful link there was between the heart of Epaphras and the heart of
Christ when the former was laboring for his brethren at Colosse!

Christian reader, let us ponder the example of Epaphras. Let us
imitate it. Let us fix our eyes on some Colosse or other, and labor
fervently in prayer for the Christians therein. The present is a
deeply solemn moment. Oh for men like Epaphras--men who are willing to
labor on their knees for the cause of Christ, or to wear, if it should
be so, the noble bonds of the gospel. Such was Epaphras. We see him as
a man of prayer (Col. iv. 12), and as a companion in bonds with the
devoted apostle of the Gentiles (Philem. 23).

May the Lord stir up amongst us a spirit of earnest prayer and
intercession. May He raise up many of those who shall be cast in the
same spiritual mould as Epaphras. These are the men for the present
need.




                               "READY"


We want the reader to dwell for a few moments on the little word which
forms the heading of this paper. If we mistake not, he will find it to
be a word of immense depth and suggestive power, as used by the Holy
Ghost in Scripture. We shall just now refer to four passages in which
our word occurs; and may the One who penned these passages be pleased
to open and apply them in divine power and freshness to the heart of
both writer and reader.

1. And first we shall turn to 1 Peter i. 5, where it is used in
connection with the word "_salvation_." Believers are said to be "kept
by the power of God through faith unto salvation, _ready_ to be
revealed in the last time."

Here, then, we are taught that salvation is ready to be revealed at
this moment; for we are, as John tells us, in "the last times." And be
it noted that salvation as here used is not to be confined to the mere
matter of the _soul's_ deliverance from hell and perdition: it refers,
rather, to the deliverance of the _body_ of the believer from the
power of death and corruption. In short, it takes in all that stands
in anywise connected with the glorious appearing of our Lord and
Saviour Jesus Christ. We already possess the salvation of our souls,
as we are told in the very context from which our text is taken.
"Receiving the end of your faith, even the salvation of your souls....
Wherefore gird up the loins of your mind, be sober, and hope to the
end for the grace that is to be brought unto you _at the revelation of
Jesus Christ_."

Thus we learn in the clearest way that the "salvation ready to be
revealed" is linked on to "the revelation of Jesus Christ." This is
confirmed, were confirmation needful, by Hebrews ix. 28, where we
read, "So Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many; and unto
them that look for Him shall He appear the second time, apart from
sin, unto _salvation_."

From all this the reader may learn that the salvation which is _ready_
to be revealed is at the second coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. For
this we are taught, as Christians, to look at any moment. There is
literally nothing so far as God is concerned, nothing so far as the
work of Christ is concerned, nothing so far as the testimony of the
Holy Ghost is concerned, to hinder our hearing "the shout of the
archangel and the trump of God" this very night, this very hour. All
is done that needed to be done. Atonement is made, redemption is
accomplished, God has been glorified by the work of Christ, as is
proved by the fact of Christ's present place on the throne of the
Majesty in the heavens. From the moment that our Lord Christ took His
seat upon that throne, it could always be said that "salvation is
_ready_ to be revealed."

But it could not have been said before. Salvation could not be said to
be ready until the divine groundwork thereof was laid in the death and
resurrection of the Saviour. But when once that most glorious work of
all works was accomplished, it could at any moment be said that
"salvation is ready to be revealed." "The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit
Thou at My right hand, until I make Thine enemies Thy footstool" (Ps.
cx. 1).

2. But the apostle Peter gives us another instance and application of
our word in chap. iv. 5, where he refers to some "who shall give
account to Him that is _ready to judge_ the quick and the dead."

Here the word stands before us in a form of awful solemnity. If on the
one hand it be true that _salvation_ is ready to be revealed for the
everlasting joy of God's redeemed, it is equally true on the other
hand that _judgment_ is ready to take its course, for the everlasting
misery of those who neglect God's proffered salvation.[3] The one is
as true, and as pointed, and as forcible, as the other. There is
nothing to wait for in respect to the judgment, any more than there
is in respect to the salvation. The one is as "_ready_" as the other.
God has gone to the utmost in demonstrating His grace; and man has
gone to the utmost in demonstrating his guilt. Both have reached their
climax in the death of Christ; and when we see Him crowned with glory
and seated on the throne, we have the most powerful evidence that
could possibly be afforded that nothing remains but for salvation to
be revealed on the one hand, and for judgment to take its course on
the other.

  [3] As regards the solemn subject of eternal punishment, we shall just
  refer the reader to three passages of Scripture which establish the
  truth of it beyond all question: Mark ix. 43-48, the fire is
  _unquenchable_, and the worm _never dies_; Luke xvi. 26, the great
  gulf is _fixed_; John iii. 36, the wrath of God _abideth_.

Hence it follows that man is no longer under probation. It is a grand
mistake for any one to think so. It falsifies man's entire position
and state. If I am under probation; if God is still testing me; if He
is even now occupied in testing whether I am good for aught; if I am
capable of producing any fruit for Him--if this be indeed the case,
then it is not and cannot be true that "He is _ready_ to judge."
Nature is not ripe for judgment so long as a probationary process is
pending, if there is yet something to wait for ere judgment can take
its course.

But no, reader; we feel bound to press upon you the fact that the
period of your probation is over forever, and the period of God's
long-suffering is nearly run out. It is of the utmost importance to
seize this truth. It lies at the very foundation of the sinner's
position. Judgment is actually impending. It is "ready" at this moment
to fall upon the head of the unrepentant--the reader of these lines,
should he be one of them. The entire history of human nature--of man,
of the world--has been wound up and closed forever. The cross of
Christ has made perfectly manifest the guilt and ruin of the human
race. It has put an end to man's probationary season; and from that
solemn hour until now the true position of the world as a whole, and
of each individual sinner--man, woman, and child--has been that of a
culprit tried, found guilty, and condemned, but the sentence not
executed. This is the present awful position of the unconverted,
unbelieving reader.

Dear friend, wilt thou not think of this? Fellow immortal soul, wilt
thou not, even this very moment, bend the undivided attention of thy
soul to this eternal question? We must speak plainly and pointedly. We
feel in some small degree the awfulness of the sinner's state and
prospect, in view of these weighty words, "_ready to judge_." We are
convinced that the present is a moment which calls for serious and
faithful dealing with the souls of our readers. We do not, as God is
our witness, want to write essays or sermons; we want to reach souls.
We want the reader to be assured of this; that he is not now reading
an article on a religious subject prepared for some literary purpose,
but a solemn appeal made to his heart and conscience in the immediate
presence of "Him who is ready to judge the quick and the dead."

3. But this leads us to the third passage of holy Scripture in which
our weighty motto occurs. The reader will find it in Luke xii. 40: "Be
ye therefore _ready_ also; for the Son of man cometh at an hour when
ye think not."

If salvation is "ready" to be revealed, and if judgment is "ready" to
be executed, what becomes us but to be "ready" also?

And in what does this readiness consist? How are we to be ready? It
strikes us that there are two things included in the answer.

First, we must be "ready" in _title_; and, secondly, we must be
"ready" in our moral _state_--ready in conscience, and ready in heart.
The one is founded upon the work of Christ _for_ us; the other is
connected with the work of the Spirit _in_ us. If we are simply
resting by faith on the finished work of Christ, if we are leaning
exclusively on what He has done and what He is, then are we in very
truth ready in title, and we may rest assured of being with Him when
He comes.

But, on the other hand, if we are leaning upon our fancied goodness,
upon any righteousness which we think we possess, upon not having done
any harm to any one, upon our not being worse than some of our
neighbors, upon our church-membership, upon our attention to the
ordinances of religion;--if we are leaning upon any or all of these
things, or if we are adding these things to Christ, then we may be
assured we are not ready in title, not ready in conscience. God can
accept nothing, absolutely nothing, as a title, but Christ. To bring
aught else is to declare that Christ is not needful: to bring aught
besides is to affirm that He is not enough. But God has borne ten
thousand testimonies to the fact that we can do with nothing less, and
that we want nothing more, than Christ. Hence, therefore, Christ is
our all-essential and all-sufficient title.

But, then, there is such a thing as professing to be ready in title
while at the same time we are not ready in our moral condition or
practical state. This demands our gravest attention. There is a vast
amount of easy-going evangelical profession abroad at the present
moment. The atmosphere is permeated by the rays of gospel light. The
darkness of the Middle Ages has been chased away by the brightness of
a free gospel and an open Bible.

We are thankful for a free gospel and an open Bible. But we cannot
shut our eyes to the fact that there is a fearful amount of laxity,
unsubduedness and self-indulgence going hand in hand with the
evangelical profession of the day. We notice with the deepest anxiety
many young professors who have, or seem to have, a very clear insight,
so far as the intellect goes, into the truth of the sinner's title,
who, if we are to judge from their style, deportment, and habits, are
not "ready" in their moral condition--in the real state of their
hearts. We are at times, we must confess, sadly cast down when we see
our young friends decking their persons in the vain fashions of a vain
and sinful world; feeding upon the vile literature that issues in such
frightful profusion from the press; and actually singing vain songs
and engaging in light and frivolous conversation. It is impossible to
reconcile such with "Be ye also ready."

We may perhaps be told that these things are externals, and that the
grand point is to be occupied with Christ. It may be said,--it has
been said,--"Provided we have Christ in our hearts, it does not matter
what we have on our heads or in our hands." We reply, "If we really
have Christ in our hearts, it will regulate what we put on our heads
and take into our hands; yea, it will exert a _manifest_ influence
upon our whole deportment and character."

We should like to ask some of our young friends this question: "Would
you like the Lord Christ to come and find you reading a love-story, or
singing a song?" We feel assured you would not. Well, then, let us, in
the name of the Lord, see to it that we do not engage in anything
which does not comport with our being "_ready_."

We specially urge this upon the young Christian reader. Let this
question be ever before us, "Am I ready?--ready in title, ready in
state, ready in conscience, ready in heart?" The times are really very
solemn, and it behooves us to think seriously of our true state. We
feel persuaded that there is a lack of real, godly heart-exercise
amongst us. There are, we fear, many--God only knows how many--who are
not ready; many who would be taken aback and terribly surprised by
death or the coming of the Lord. There are things said and done by
those who occupy the very highest platform of profession which we
dare not indulge in if we are really _looking_ for the Lord.

God grant that the reader may know what it is to be ready in title and
ready in state; that he may have a purged conscience and a truly
exercised heart. Then he will be able to enter into the meaning of the
fourth and last passage, to which we call his attention. It occurs in
Matt. xxv. 10.

4. "And while they (the foolish virgins) went to buy, the bridegroom
came; and they that were _ready_ went in with him to the marriage; and
the door was shut."

How solemn! How awfully solemn! Those who were _ready_ went in, and
those who were not ready were shut out. Those who have life in Christ,
who are indwelt by the Holy Ghost, will be ready. But the mere
professor--the one who has truth in the head and on the lip, but not
in the heart; who has the lamp of profession, but not the Spirit of
life in Christ--will be shut out into outer darkness--in the
everlasting misery and gloom of hell.

O beloved reader, let us, as we take a solemn leave of you, put this
question home to your very inmost soul, "ART THOU READY?"




                             "HOLY BRETHREN"

     "Wherefore, holy brethren, partakers of the heavenly
     calling, _consider_ the Apostle and High Priest of our
     confession, Jesus" (Heb. iii. 1).

     "And let us _consider_ one another, to provoke unto love and
     good works" (Heb. x. 24).


The two passages we have just penned, are very intimately connected.
Indeed, they are bound together by the simple fact, that the inspired
writer makes use of the same word in each; and, further, that this
word occurs only in these two places throughout the whole of this
marvellous treatise.[4]

  [4] The English word, "consider," occurs four times throughout the
  Epistle to the Hebrews; but it represents three different Greek words.
  In chapter vii. 4, "Consider how great this man was." Here the word is
  θεωρειτε, which occurs, in its various inflections, about
  fifty-six times in the Greek Testament, but only in this one instance
  is it rendered by the word "consider." Its simple and general meaning
  is to "see" or "perceive."

  Again, in Hebrews xii. 3, we have, "Consider Him who endured such
  contradiction," etc. Here the word is αναλογισασθε, which
  occurs only in this place throughout the entire New Testament, and
  expresses the idea of comparison or analogy.

  But in the two verses which stand at the head of this paper, the word
  is κατανοεω, which has an intensive force, and signifies an
  earnest application of the mind.

We are to consider Jesus; and we are to consider all those who belong
to Him, wherever they are. These are the two grand departments of our
work. We are to apply our minds diligently to Him and to His
interests on the earth, and thus be blessedly delivered from the
miserable business of thinking about ourselves or our own interests: a
morally glorious deliverance, most surely, for which we may well
praise our glorious Deliverer.

However, before proceeding to the great subjects which we are called
to consider, we must dwell, for a little, on the wonderful title
bestowed by the Holy Spirit upon all believers--all true Christians.
He calls them, "holy brethren." This, truly, is a title of great moral
dignity. He does not say, we _ought to be_ holy. No; he says we _are_.
It is a question of the title or standing of every child of God on the
face of the earth. No doubt, having through sovereign grace this holy
standing, we ought to be holy in our walk; our moral condition ought
ever to answer to our title. We should never allow a thought, word, or
act, in the smallest degree inconsistent with our high position as
"holy brethren." Holy thoughts, holy words, holy actings are alone
suited to those upon whom infinite grace has bestowed the title of
"holy brethren."

Let us never forget this. Let us never say, never think, that we
cannot maintain such a dignity, or live up to such a standard. The
very same grace which has bestowed upon us the dignity, will ever
enable us to support it; and we shall see, in the progress of this
paper, how this grace acts--the mighty moral means used to produce a
practical walk in accordance with our holy calling.

But let us inquire on what does the apostle ground the title of "holy
brethren?" It is of all possible importance to be clear as to this. If
we do not see that it is wholly independent of our state, our walk, or
our attainments, we can neither understand the position nor its
practical results. We may assert with all confidence, that the very
holiest walk that ever was exhibited in this world, the highest
spiritual state that ever was attained, could never form the basis of
such a position as is set forth in the title of which we speak. Nay,
more; we are bold to affirm that not even the work of the Spirit in
us, blessedly essential as it is in every stage of the divine life,
could entitle us to enter upon such a dignity. Nothing in us, nothing
of us, nothing about us, could ever form the foundation of such a
standing as is set forth in the title "holy brethren."

On what then is it grounded? Hebrews ii. II furnishes the reply. "For
both He that sanctifieth and they who are sanctified are _all of one:
for which cause He is not ashamed_ to call them brethren." Here we
have one of the most profound and comprehensive statements of truth
contained within the covers of the divine volume. Here we see how we
become "holy brethren;" even by association with that blessed One who
went down into death for us, and who, in resurrection, has become the
foundation of that new order of things in which we have our place; the
Head of that new creation to which we belong; the Firstborn among the
many brethren of whom He is not ashamed, inasmuch as He has placed
them on the same platform with Himself, and brought them to God not
only in the perfect efficacy of His work, but in all His own perfect
acceptability and infinite preciousness. "The Sanctifier and the
sanctified are all of one."[5]

  [5] It is a fact of deepest interest, that, to "Mary Magdalene, out of
  whom went seven devils," was granted the privilege of announcing to
  the disciples the glad tidings of the new and wondrous relationship
  into which they were introduced. "Go to _My brethren_," said the risen
  Saviour, "and say unto them, I ascend unto _My_ Father and _your_
  Father; and to _My_ God and _your_ God." It is John who, by the Holy
  Ghost, records this profoundly interesting fact.

  Never before had such an announcement been made. But now the great
  work was done, the battle over, the victory gained, the foundation of
  the new edifice laid; and Mary Magdalene was made the herald of the
  most glorious tidings that ever fell on mortal ears.

Wonderful words! let the reader ponder them. Let him specially note
the vast, yea, the immeasurable difference between these two words
"Sanctifier and sanctified." Such was our blessed Lord, personally,
intrinsically, in His humanity, that He was capable of being the
Sanctifier. Such were we personally, in our moral condition, in our
nature, that we needed to be sanctified. But--eternal and universal
homage to His name!--such is the perfection of His work, such the
"riches" and the "glory of His grace" that it can be said, "As He is
so are we in this world"--"the Sanctifier and the sanctified are all
of one"--all on one common ground, and that for ever.

Nothing can exceed this as to title and standing. We stand in all the
glorious results of His accomplished work, and in all the acceptance
of His Person. He has linked us with Himself, in resurrection-life,
and made us sharers of all He has and all He is as man--His deity, of
course is incommunicable.

But let us note very particularly all that is involved in the fact
that we _needed_ to be "sanctified." It sets forth in the clearest and
most forcible manner the total, hopeless, absolute ruin of every one
of us. It matters not, so far as this aspect of the truth is
concerned, who we were or what we were in our personal history or our
practical life. We may have been refined, cultivated, amiable, moral,
and, after a human fashion, religious; or we may have been degraded,
demoralized, depraved, the very scum of society. In a word, we may
have been morally and socially as far apart as the poles; but inasmuch
as all needed to be sanctified, the highest as well as the lowest, ere
we could be addressed as "holy brethren," there is evidently "no
difference." The very worst needed nothing more, and the very best
could do with nothing less. Each and all were involved in one common
ruin, and needed to be sanctified, or set apart, ere we could take our
place amongst the "holy brethren." And now, being set apart, we are
all on one common ground; so that the very feeblest child of God on
the face of the earth belongs as really and truly to the "holy
brethren" as the blessed apostle Paul himself. It is not a question of
progress or attainment, precious and important as it most surely is to
make progress, but simply of our common standing before God, of which
the "First-born" is the blessed and eternal definition.

But we must here remind the reader of the vast importance of being
clear and well-grounded as to the relationship of the "First-born"
with the "many brethren." This is a grand foundation-truth, as to
which there must be no vagueness or indecision. Scripture is clear and
emphatic on this great cardinal point. But there are many who will not
listen to Scripture. They are so full of their own thoughts that they
will not take the trouble to search and see what Scripture says on the
subject. Hence you find many maintaining the fatal error that
incarnation is the ground of our relationship with the First-born.
They look upon the Incarnate One as our "Elder Brother," who, in
taking human nature upon Him, took us into union with Himself, or
linked Himself on to us.

Now such an error involves most frightful consequences. In the first
place, it involves a positive blasphemy against the person of the Son
of God--a denial of His absolutely spotless, sinless, perfect manhood.
He, blessed be His name, was such in His humanity that the angel could
say to the virgin of Him, "That holy thing which shall be born of thee
shall be called the Son of God." His human nature was absolutely holy.
As a man He knew no sin. He was the only man that ever lived of whom
this could be said. He was unique. He stood absolutely alone. There
was, there could be, no union with Him in incarnation. How could the
Holy and the unholy, the Pure and the impure, the Spotless and the
spotted ever be united? Utterly impossible! Those who think or say
they could, do greatly err, not knowing the Scriptures or the Son of
God.

But further: those who speak of union in incarnation are most
manifestly the enemies of the cross of Christ; for what need was there
of the cross, the death or the blood of Christ, if sinners could be
united to Him in incarnation? Surely none whatever. There was no need
of atonement, no need of propitiation, no need of the substitutionary
sufferings and death of Christ, if sinners could be united to Him
without them.

Hence we see how entirely this system of doctrine is of Satan. It
dishonors the person of Christ, and sets aside His precious atonement.
And in addition to all this, it overthrows the teaching of the entire
Bible on the subject of man's guilt and ruin. In short, it completely
sweeps away the great foundation-truths of our glorious Christianity,
and gives us instead a Christless, infidel system. This is what the
devil has ever been aiming at; it is what he is aiming at still; and
thousands of so-called Christian teachers are acting as his agents in
the terrible business of seeking to abolish Christianity. Tremendous
fact for all whom it may concern!

But let us reverently harken to the teaching of Holy Scripture on this
great subject. What mean those words which fell from the lips of our
Lord Jesus Christ, and are repeated for us by God the Holy Ghost,
"Except a corn of wheat fall into the ground and _die_, it abideth
alone"? Who was this corn of wheat? Himself, blessed be His holy name.
He had to die in order to "bring forth much fruit." If He was to
surround Himself with His "many brethren," He had to go down into
death in order to take out of the way every hindrance to their eternal
association on the new ground of resurrection. He, the true David, had
to go forth single-handed to meet the terrible foe, in order that He
might have the deep joy of sharing with His brethren the spoils of His
glorious victory. Eternal halleluiahs to His peerless name!

There is a very beautiful passage bearing upon our subject in Mark
viii. We shall quote it for the reader: "And He began to teach them,
that the Son of man _must suffer_ many things, and be rejected of the
elders, and of the chief priests, and scribes, and be killed, and
after three days rise again. And He spake that saying openly. And
Peter took Him, and began to rebuke Him." In another Gospel we are
told what Peter said: "Pity Thyself, Lord: this shall not be unto
Thee." Mark the Lord's reply; mark His attitude: "But when He had
turned about and _looked on His disciples_, He rebuked Peter, saying,
Get thee behind Me, Satan, for thou savorest not the things that be of
God, but the things that be of men."

This is perfectly beautiful. It not only presents a truth to the
understanding, but lets in upon the heart a bright ray of the moral
glory of our adorable Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, eminently
calculated to bow the soul in worship before Him. "He turned and
looked upon His disciples." It is as though He would say to His erring
servant, "If I adopt your suggestion, if I pity myself, what will
become of these?" Blessed Saviour! He did not think of Himself. "He
stedfastly set His face to go to Jerusalem," well knowing what awaited
Him there. He went to the cross, and there endured the wrath of God,
the judgment of sin, all the terrible consequences of our condition,
in order to glorify God with respect to our sins, and that He might
have the ineffable and eternal joy of surrounding Himself with the
"many brethren" to whom He could, on resurrection ground, declare the
Father's name. "_I will_ declare Thy name unto _My brethren_." He
looked forward to this from amid the awful shadows of Calvary, where
He was enduring for us what no created intelligence can ever fathom.
If ever He was to call us "brethren," He must _all alone_ meet death
and judgment on our behalf.

Now why all this if incarnation was the basis of our union or
association?[6] Is it not perfectly plain to the reader that there
could be no link between Christ and us save on the ground of
accomplished atonement? How could there be a link with sin unatoned
for, guilt uncanceled, the claims of God unanswered? Utterly
impossible. To maintain such a thought is to fly in the face of divine
revelation and sweep away the very foundations of Christianity; and
this, as we very well know, is precisely what the devil is ever aiming
at.

  [6] We do not mean that union with Christ as Head of the body is
  taught in Heb. ii. 11. For the unfolding of that glorious truth we
  must look elsewhere. It comes not within the range of the epistle to
  the Hebrews. See Eph. i. 22, 23; v. 30. But whether we view Him as
  Head of the body, or as the First-born among many brethren, Scripture
  most distinctly and emphatically teaches us that His death on the
  cross was absolutely essential to our union, or association, with
  Christ. _No death, no union._ The corn of wheat had to fall into the
  ground and die, in order to bring forth much fruit.

However, we shall not pursue the subject further here. It may be that
the great majority of our readers are thoroughly clear and settled on
the point, and that they hold it as a great cardinal and essential
truth. Still, we feel it of importance just now to bear a very
distinct testimony to the whole Church of God on this most blessed
subject. We feel persuaded that the error which we have been
combating--the notion of union with Christ in incarnation--forms an
integral part of a vast infidel and antichristian system which holds
sway over thousands of professing Christians, and is making fearful
progress throughout the length and breadth of Christendom. It is the
deep and solemn conviction of this that leads us to call the attention
of the beloved flock of Christ to one of the most precious and
glorious subjects that could possibly occupy their hearts, namely,
their title to be called "holy brethren."

We shall now turn for a few moments to the exhortation addressed to
the "holy brethren, partakers of the heavenly calling." As we have
already observed, we are not exhorted _to be_ holy brethren: we are
_made_ such. The place and the portion are ours through infinite
grace, and it is on this blessed fact that the inspired apostle
grounds his exhortation, "Wherefore, holy brethren, partakers of the
heavenly calling, consider the Apostle and High Priest of our
profession, Jesus."

The titles bestowed on our blessed Lord in this passage present Him to
our hearts in a very wonderful manner. They take in the wide range of
His history from the bosom of the Father down to the dust of death;
and from the dust of death back to the throne of God. As the Apostle,
He came from God to us; and as the High Priest, He has gone back to
God for us. He came from heaven to reveal God to us, to unfold to us
the very heart of God, to make us know the precious secrets of His
bosom. "God, who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in times
past unto the fathers by the prophets, hath in these last days spoken
unto us by His Son, whom He hath appointed heir of all things, by whom
also He made the worlds; who being the brightness of His glory, and
the express image of His person, and upholding all things by the word
of His power, when He had by Himself purged our sins, sat down on the
right hand of the Majesty on high."

What a marvelous privilege to have God revealed to us in the person of
Christ! God has spoken to us in the Son. Our blessed Apostle has given
us the full and perfect revelation of God. "No man hath seen God at
any time; the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father,
He hath declared Him." "God, who commanded the light to shine out of
darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to give the light of the
knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ" (John i.; 2
Cor. iv.).

All this is unspeakably precious. Jesus has revealed God to our souls.
We could know absolutely nothing of God if the Son had not come and
spoken to us. But--thanks and praise to our God!--we can say with all
possible certainty, "_We know_ that the Son of God is come, and hath
given us an understanding, that we may know Him that is true: and we
are in Him that is true, even in His Son Jesus Christ. This is the
true God, and eternal life." We can now turn to the four Gospels; and
as we gaze upon that blessed One who is there presented to us by the
Holy Ghost, in all that lovely grace which shone out in all His words,
and works, and ways, we can say, That is God. We see Him going about
doing good, and healing all that were oppressed of the devil; we see
Him healing the sick, cleansing the leper, opening the eyes of the
blind, unstopping the ears of the deaf, feeding the hungry, drying the
widow's tears, weeping at the tomb of Lazarus, and say, That is God.
Every ray of moral glory that shone in the life and ministry of the
Apostle of our confession was the expression of God. He was the
brightness of the divine glory, and the exact impression of the divine
essence.

    "Thou art the everlasting Word,
      The Father's only Son;
    God manifest, God seen and heard,
      The heavens' belovèd One.

    "In Thee most perfectly expressed,
      The Father's self doth shine;
    Fulness of Godhead too; the Blest--
      Eternally Divine."

How precious is all this to our souls! To have God revealed in the
person of Christ, so that we can know Him, delight in Him, find all
our springs in Him, call Him Abba Father, walk in the light of His
blessed countenance, have fellowship with Him and with His Son Jesus
Christ, know the love of His heart, the very love wherewith He loves
the Son--what deep blessedness! what fulness of joy! How can we ever
sufficiently praise the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ for
His marvelous grace in having introduced us into such a sphere of
blessing and privilege, and set us in such a wondrous relationship
with Himself in the Son of His love! Oh, may our _hearts_ praise Him!
May our _lives_ praise Him! May it be the one grand aim and object of
our whole moral being to magnify His name!

But we must now turn for a little to another great branch of our
subject. We have to "consider the High Priest of our confession."
This, too, is fraught with richest blessing for every one of the "holy
brethren." The same blessed One who, as the Apostle, came to make Him
known to our souls, has gone back to God for us. He came to speak to
us about God; and He is gone to speak to God about us. He appears in
the presence of God for us; He bears us up on His heart continually;
He represents us before God to maintain us in the integrity of the
position into which His precious atoning work has introduced us. His
blessed priesthood is the divine provision for our wilderness path.
Were it merely a question of our standing or title, there would be no
need of priesthood; but inasmuch as it is a question of our actual
state and practical walk, we could not get on for one moment if we had
not our great High Priest ever living for us in the presence of God.

Now there are three most precious departments of our Lord's priestly
service presented in the epistle to the Hebrews. In the first place we
read, in chap. iv., "Seeing then that we have a great high priest,
that is passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold
fast our confession. For we have not a high priest which cannot be
touched with the feeling of our infirmities; but was in all points
tempted like as we are, except sin."[7]

  [7] "Yet without sin," as given in the "Authorized Version," does not
  convey the correct thought of the original, which is, "tempted in all
  things in like manner [to us], sin apart," or "sin excepted." Ed.

Christian reader, only think of the deep blessedness of having One at
the right hand of the Majesty in the heavens who is _touched_ with the
feeling of your infirmities, who enters into all your sorrows, who
feels for you and with you in all your exercises, trials, and
difficulties! Think of having a Man on the throne of God--a perfect
human heart, One on whom you can count in all your weakness,
heaviness, and conflict; in everything, in short, except sin! With
this, blessed be His name, He can have no sympathy.

But oh, what pen, what human tongue, can adequately set forth the
deep, deep blessedness of having a Man in the glory whose heart is
with us in all the trials and sorrows of our wilderness path! What a
precious provision! What a divine reality! The One who has all power
in heaven and on earth now lives for us in heaven. We can count on
Him at all times. He enters into all our feelings in a way that no
earthly friend could possibly do. We can go to Him and tell Him things
which we could not name to our dearest friend on earth, inasmuch as
none but He can fully understand us.

But our great High Priest understands all about us. He has passed
through every trial and sorrow that a perfect human heart could know.
Hence He can perfectly sympathize with us, and He delights to minister
to us in all our seasons of sorrow and affliction, when the heart is
crushed and bowed beneath a weight of anguish which only He can fully
enter into. Precious Saviour! Most merciful High Priest! May our
hearts delight in Thee! May we draw more largely upon the exhaustless
springs of comfort and consolation that are found in Thy large and
loving heart for all Thy tried, tempted, sorrowing, suffering brethren
here below!

In Hebrews vii. 25 we have another very precious branch of our Lord's
priestly work, and that is His intercession--His active intervention
on our behalf, in the presence of God. "Wherefore He is able to save
them to the uttermost that come unto God by Him, seeing He ever liveth
to make intercession for them."

What comfort is here for all the "holy brethren!" What strong
consolation! What blessed assurance! Our great High Priest bears us
upon His heart continually before the throne. All our affairs are in
His blessed hands, and can never fall through. He lives for us, and
we live in Him. He will carry us right through to the end. Men speak
about "the final perseverance of the saints." Scripture speaks of the
final perseverance of our divine and adorable High Priest. Here we
rest. He says to us, "Because I live, ye shall live also." "If, when
we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by _the death of His Son_,"
(the only possible way in which we could be reconciled) "much more,
being reconciled, we shall be saved by His life"--that is, His life up
in heaven. He has made Himself responsible for every one of the "holy
brethren," to bring them through all the difficulties, trials, snares,
and temptations of the wilderness, right home to glory. Universal and
everlasting homage to His blessed name!

We cannot, of course, attempt to go elaborately into the great subject
of priesthood in a paper like this; we can do little more than touch
upon the three salient points indicated above, and quote for the
reader the passages of Scripture in which those points are presented.

In Hebrews xiii. 15 we have the third branch of our Lord's service for
us in the heavenly sanctuary. "_By Him_, therefore, let us offer the
sacrifice of praise to God continually, that is, the fruit of our
lips, giving thanks to his name."

What a comfort to know that we have One in the presence of God to
present our sacrifices of praise and thanksgiving! How sweetly it
encourages us to bring such sacrifices at all times! True, they may
seem very poor, very meagre, very imperfect; but our great High Priest
knows how to separate the precious from the vile; He takes our
sacrifices, and presents them to God in all the perfect fragrance of
His own person and ministry. Every little breathing of the heart,
every utterance, every little act of service, goes up to God, not only
divested of all our infirmity and imperfection, but adorned with all
the excellency of the One who ever liveth in the presence of God, not
only to sympathize and intercede, but also to present our sacrifices
of thanksgiving and praise.

All this is full of comfort and encouragement. How often have we to
mourn over our coldness, barrenness, and deadness, both in private and
in public! We seem unable to do more than utter a groan or a sigh.
Well, Jesus--it is the fruit of His grace--takes that groan or that
sigh, and presents it to God in all His own preciousness. This is part
of His present ministry for us in the presence of our God, a ministry
which He delights to discharge--blessed be His name! It is His joy to
bear us upon His heart before the Throne. He thinks of each one in
particular, as if He had but that one to think of.

It is wonderful; but so it is. He enters into all our little trials
and sorrows, conflicts and exercises, as though He had nothing else to
think of. Each one has the undivided attention and sympathy of that
large, loving heart, in all that may rise in our passage through this
scene of trial and sorrow. He has gone through it all. He knows, as
we say, every step of the road. We can discern His blessed footprints
all across the desert; and look up through the opened heavens and see
Him on the throne, a glorified Man, but the same Jesus who was down
here upon earth--His circumstances changed, but not His tender,
loving, sympathizing heart: "The same yesterday, to-day, and for
ever."

Such then, beloved Christian reader, is the great High Priest, whom we
are exhorted to "consider." Truly we have all we want in Him. His
sympathy, perfect; His intercession, all-prevailing; His presentation
of our sacrifices, ever acceptable. Well may we say, "We have all, and
abound."

And now, in conclusion, let us glance for a moment at the precious
exhortation in Hebrews x. 24: "Let us _consider_ one another, to
provoke unto love and good works."

How morally lovely is the connection! The more attentively we consider
Him, the more we shall be fitted and disposed to consider all who
belong to Him, whoever and wherever they may be. Shew us a man full of
Christ, and we will shew you a man full of love, and care, and
interest for every member of the body of Christ. It must be so. It is
simply impossible to be near Christ, and not have the heart filled
with the sweetest affections for all that belong to Him. We cannot
consider Him without being reminded of them, and led out in service,
prayer, and sympathy, according to our little measure. If you hear a
person talking loudly of his love for Christ, his attachment to Him
and delight in Him, and, all the while, having no love for His
people--no readiness to spend and be spent for them, no self-sacrifice
on their behalf--you may be sure it is all hollow, worthless
profession. "Hereby perceive we the love, because he laid down His
life for us; and we ought to lay down our lives for the brethren. But
whoso hath this world's good, and seeth his brother have need, and
shutteth up his bowels from him, how dwelleth the love of God in him?
My little children, let us not love in word, neither in tongue, but in
deed, and in truth." And again, "This commandment have we from Him,
that he who loveth God, love his brother also" (1 John iii. 16-18; iv.
21).

These are wholesome words for all of us. May we apply our hearts most
diligently to them! May we, by the powerful ministry of the Holy
Ghost, be enabled to respond with all our hearts, to these two weighty
and needed exhortations, to "Consider the Apostle and High Priest of
our confession," and to "Consider one another!" And let us bear in
mind, that the proper consideration of one another will never take the
form of prying curiosity, or unwarrantable _espionage_--things which
can only be regarded as the curse and bane of all Christian society.
No, no; it is the very reverse of all this. It is a loving, tender
care, expressing itself in every form of refined, delicate, and
seasonable service--the lovely fruit of true communion with the heart
of Christ.




                  JEHOVAH'S DEMAND AND SATAN'S OBJECTIONS

     "Let My people go, that they may hold a feast to Me in the
                     wilderness" (Exodus v. 1).


What a volume of truth is contained in the sentence which we have just
penned! It is one of those comprehensive and suggestive passages which
lie scattered up and down the divine volume, and which seize, with
peculiar power, upon the heart, and open up a vast field of most
precious truth. It sets forth, in plain and forcible language, the
blessed purpose of the Lord God of Israel to have His people
completely delivered from Egypt and separated unto Himself, in order
that they might feast with Him in the wilderness. Nothing could
satisfy His heart, in reference to them, but their entire emancipation
from the land of death and darkness. He would free them not only from
Egypt's brick-kilns and task-masters, but from its temples and its
altars, and from all its habits and all its associations, from its
principles, its maxims, and its fashions. In a word, they must be a
thoroughly separated people, ere they could hold a feast to Him in the
wilderness.

Thus it was with Israel, and thus it is with us. We, too, must be a
fully and consciously delivered people ere we can properly serve,
worship, or walk with God. We must not only know the forgiveness of
our sins, and our entire freedom from guilt, wrath, judgment, and
condemnation; but also our complete deliverance from this present evil
world and all its belongings, ere we can intelligently serve the Lord.
The world is to the Christian what Egypt was to Israel; only, of
course, our separation from the world is not local or physical, but
moral and spiritual. Israel left Egypt in person; we leave the world
in spirit and principle. Israel left Egypt in fact; we leave the world
in faith. It was a real, out-and-out, thorough separation for them,
and it is the same for us. "Let My people go, that they may hold a
feast to Me in the wilderness."

1. To this rigid separation, as we very well know, Satan had and still
has many objections. His first objection was set forth in the
following words, spoken by the lips of Pharaoh, "Go ye, _and sacrifice
to your God in the land_." These were subtle words--words well
calculated to ensnare a heart that was not in communion with the mind
of God. For it might with great plausibility and apparent force be
argued, Is it not uncommonly liberal on the part of the king of Egypt
to offer you toleration for your peculiar mode of worship? Is it not a
great stretch of liberality to offer your religion a place on the
public platform? Surely you can carry on your religion as well as
other people. There is room for all. Why this demand for separation?
Why not take common ground with your neighbors? There is no need
surely for such extreme narrowness.

All this might seem very reasonable. But then, mark Jehovah's high and
holy standard! Hearken to the plain and positive declaration, "Let My
people go!" There is no mistaking this. It is impossible, in the face
of such a statement, to remain in Egypt. The most plausible reasonings
that ever could be advanced vanish into thin air in the presence of
the authoritative demand of the Lord God of Israel. If He says, "Let
My people go," then go we must, spite of all the opposing power of
earth and hell, men and devils. There is no use in reasoning,
disputing, or discussing. We must obey. Egyptians may think for
themselves; Jehovah must think for Israel; the sequel will prove who
is right.

And here let us just offer our readers a word, in passing, as to the
subject of "narrowness," about which we hear so much now-a-days. The
real question is, "Who is to fix the boundaries of the Christian's
faith? Is it man or God--human opinion or divine revelation?" When
this question is answered, the whole matter is easily settled. There
are some minds terribly scared by the bugbear of "narrow-mindedness."
But then we have to inquire what _is_ narrowness, and what breadth of
mind? Now, what we understand by a narrow mind is simply a mind which
refuses to take in and be governed by the whole truth of God. A mind
governed by human opinions, human reasonings, worldly maxims, selfish
interests, self-will--this we unhesitatingly pronounce to be a narrow
mind.

On the other hand, a mind beautifully subject to the authority of
Christ--a mind that bows with reverent submission to the voice of Holy
Scripture--a mind that sternly refuses to go beyond the written
Word--that absolutely rejects what is not based upon "Thus saith the
Lord,"--this is what we call a broad, elevated mind.

Reader, is it not--must it not be so? Is not God's word--His mind,
infinitely more comprehensive, wide, and full than the mind and ways
of man? Is there not infinitely greater breadth in the Holy Scriptures
than in all the human writings under the sun? Does it not argue more
largeness of heart, and devotion of soul to be governed by the
thoughts of God than by our own thoughts or the thoughts of our
fellows? It seems to us there can be but one reply to these questions;
and hence the entire subject of narrowness resolves itself into this
simple but very telling motto, "We must be as narrow as Christ, and as
broad as Christ."

We must view everything from this blessed standpoint, and then our
entire range of vision will be correct, and our conclusions thoroughly
sound. But if Christ be not our standpoint, but self, or man, or the
world, then our entire range of vision is false, and our conclusions
thoroughly unsound.

All this is as clear as a sunbeam to a single eye and an honest and
loyal heart. And, really, if the eye be not single, and the heart true
to Christ, and the conscience subject to the Word, it is a complete
loss of time to argue or discuss. Of what possible use can it be to
argue with a man who, instead of obeying the word of God, is only
seeking to turn aside its edge? None whatever. It is a hopeless task
to reason with one who has never taken in the mighty moral import of
that most precious word--obey.

We must now return to our immediate theme. There is something
uncommonly fine in Moses' reply to Satan's first objection, "It is not
meet so to do; for we shall sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians
to the Lord our God: lo, shall we sacrifice the abomination of the
Egyptians before their eyes, and will they not stone us? We will go
three days' journey into the wilderness, and sacrifice to the Lord our
God, as He shall command us" (Ex. viii. 26).

There would have been a lack of moral fitness in presenting to
Jehovah, in sacrifice, the object of Egyptian worship. But, more than
this, Egypt was not the place in which to erect an altar to the true
God. Abraham had no altar when he turned aside into Egypt. He
abandoned his worship and his strangership when he went down thither;
and if Abraham could not worship there, neither could his seed. An
Egyptian might ask, Why? But it is one thing to ask a question, and
another thing to understand the answer. How could the Egyptian mind
enter into the reasons of a true Israelite's conduct? Impossible. What
could such an one know of the meaning of a "three days'" Absolutely
nothing. "Beloved, the world knoweth us not, because it knew Him not."
The motives which actuate, and the objects which animate, the true
believer lie far beyond the world's range of vision; and we may rest
assured that in the exact proportion in which the world can enter into
and appreciate a Christian's motives the Christian must be unfaithful
to his Lord.

We speak, of course, of proper Christian _motives_. No doubt there is
much in a Christian's life that the world can admire and value.
Integrity, honesty, truthfulness, disinterested kindness, care for the
poor, self-denial--all these things may be understood and appreciated;
but, admitting all this, we return to the apostolic statement that
"The world knoweth us not:" and if we want to walk with God--if we
would hold a feast unto Him--if it is our heart's true and earnest
desire to run a consistent heavenly course, we must break with the
world altogether, and break with _self_ also, and take our stand
outside the camp, with a world-rejected, heaven-accepted Christ. May
we do so, with fixed purpose of heart, to the glory of His own
precious and peerless name!

2. Satan's second objection is very near akin to his first. If he
cannot succeed in keeping Israel in Egypt, he will at least try to
keep them as near to it as possible. "I will let you go, that ye may
sacrifice to the Lord your God in the wilderness; only _ye shall not
go very far away_" (chap. viii. 28).

There is more damage done to the cause of Christ by an apparent,
partial, half-hearted giving up of the world, than by remaining in it
altogether. Wavering, undecided, half-and-half professors injure the
testimony of the Lord more than out-and-out worldlings. And, further,
we may say, there is a very wide difference indeed between giving up
certain worldly things, and giving up the world itself. A person may
lay aside certain forms of worldliness, and, all the while, retain the
world deep down in the heart. We may give up the theatre, the
ball-room, the race-course, the billiard-table, etc., yet cling to the
world all the same. We may lop off some of the branches, and yet cling
with tenacity to the old trunk.

This must be carefully seen to. We feel persuaded that what multitudes
of professing Christians need is to make a clean break with the
world--that very comprehensive word. It is utterly impossible to make
a proper start, much less to make any progress, while the heart is
playing fast and loose with the holy claims of Christ. We do not
hesitate to express it as our settled conviction that, in thousands of
cases, where souls complain of doubts and fears, ups and downs,
darkness and heaviness, lack of assurance and comfort, of light,
liberty, joy, peace, and vivid realization, it is owing to the simple
fact that they have not really broken with the world. They either seek
to hold a feast to the Lord in Egypt, or they remain so near as to be
easily drawn back again; so near that they are neither one thing nor
the other.

How can such people be happy? How can their peace flow as a river? How
can they possibly walk in the light of a Father's countenance, or in
the joy of a Saviour's presence? How can the blessed beams of that sun
that shines in the new creation reach them through the murky
atmosphere that envelopes the land of death and darkness? Impossible!
They must break with the world, and make a clear, decided,
whole-hearted surrender of themselves to Christ. There must be a full
Christ for the heart, and a full heart for Christ.

Here, we may rest assured, lies the grand secret of Christian
progress. We must make a proper start before ever we can get on; and
in order to make a proper start we must break our links with the
world, or, rather, we must believe and practically carry out the fact
that God has broken them for us in the death of our Lord Jesus Christ.
The cross has separated us for ever from this present evil world. It
has not merely delivered us from the eternal consequences of our sins,
but from the present power of sin, and from the principles, maxims,
and fashions of a world that lieth in the hands of the wicked one.

It is one of Satan's masterpieces to lead professing Christians to
rest satisfied with looking to the Cross for salvation while remaining
in the world, or occupying a border position--"not going very far
away." This is a terrible snare, against which we most solemnly warn
the Christian reader. What is the remedy? True heart-devotedness to
and fellowship with a rejected and glorified Christ. To walk with
Christ, to delight in Him, to feed upon Him, we must be apart from the
godless, Christless, wicked world--apart from it in the spirit of our
minds and in the affections of our hearts--apart from it, not merely
in its gross forms of moral pravity, or the wild extravagance of its
folly and gaiety, but apart from its religion, its politics, and its
philanthropy--apart from the world in all that goes to make up that
comprehensive phrase.

But here we may be asked, "Is Christianity merely a stripping, an
emptying, a giving up? Does it only consist of prohibition and
negation?" We answer, with hearty and blissful emphasis, _No!_ A
thousand times, _No!_ Christianity is preeminently positive--intensely
real--divinely satisfying. What does it give us in lieu of what it
takes from us? It gives us "unsearchable riches" in place of "dung and
dross." It gives us "an inheritance incorruptible, undefiled and
unfading, reserved in heaven," instead of a poor passing bubble on the
stream of time. It gives us Christ, the joy of the heart of God, the
object of heaven's worship, the theme of angels' song, the eternal
sunlight of the new creation, in lieu of a few moments of sinful
gratification and guilty pleasure. And, finally, it gives us an
eternity of ineffable bliss and glory in the Father's house above,
instead of an eternity in the awful flames of hell.

Reader, what sayest thou to these things? Is not this a good exchange?
Can we not find here the most cogent reasons for giving up the world?
It sometimes happens that men favor us with their reasons for
resigning this, that, and the other branch of worldliness; but it
strikes us that all such reasons might be summed up in one, and that
one be thus enunciated: "The reason for resigning the world--_I have
found Christ_." This is the real way to put the matter. Men do not
find it very hard to give up cinders for diamonds, ashes for pearls,
dross for gold. No, reader; and in the same way, when one has tasted
the preciousness of Christ, there is no difficulty in giving up the
world. If Christ fills the heart, the world is not only driven out,
but kept out. We not only turn our back upon Egypt, but we go far
enough away from it never to return. And for what? To do nothing? To
have nothing? To be gloomy, morose, melancholy, sour, or cynical? No;
but to "hold _a feast_ to the Lord." True, it is "in the wilderness";
but then the wilderness is heaven begun, when we have Christ there
with us. He is our heaven, blessed be His name--the light of our eyes,
the joy of our hearts, the food of our souls; for even heaven would be
no heaven without Him, and the wilderness itself is turned into a
heaven by His dear, bright, soul-satisfying presence.

Nor is this all. It is not merely that the _heart_ is thoroughly
satisfied with Christ; but the _mind_ also is divinely tranquilized as
to the difficulties of the path, and the questions that so constantly
crop up to trouble and perplex those who do not know the deep
blessedness of making Christ their object, and viewing all in direct
reference to Him.

For instance, if I am called to act for Christ in any given case, and,
instead of looking at the matter simply in its bearing upon Him and
His glory, I look at how it will affect _me_, I shall most assuredly
get into darkness and perplexity, and reach a wrong conclusion. But if
I simply look at _Him_, and consider _Him_, and see how the matter
bears upon _Him_, I shall see the thing as clear as a sunbeam, and
move with holy elasticity and firm purpose along that blessed path
which is ever illuminated by the bright beams of God's approving
countenance. A single eye never looks at consequences, but looks
straight to Christ, and then all is simple and plain; the body is full
of light, and the path marked by plain decision.

This is what is so needed in this day of easy-going profession,
worldly religiousness, self-seeking, and man-pleasing. We want to make
Christ our _only_ standpoint--to look at self, the world, and the
so-called Church, from thence, regardless of consequences. Oh that it
may be so with us, through the infinite mercy of our God! Then we
shall understand something of the force, depth, beauty, and fulness
of the opening sentence of this paper, "Let My people go, that they
may hold a feast to Me in the wilderness."

Note the way in which Satan disputes every inch of the ground in the
grand question of Israel's deliverance from the land of Egypt. He
would allow them to worship _in_ the land, or _near_ the land; but
their absolute and complete deliverance _from_ the land is what he
will, by every means in his power, obstinately resist.

But Jehovah, blessed be His eternal name, is above the great
adversary, and He will have His people fully delivered, spite of all
the powers of hell and earth combined. The divine standard can never
be lowered--"Let My people go, that they may hold a feast to Me in the
wilderness." This is Jehovah's demand, and it must be made good,
though the enemy were to offer ten thousand objections. The divine
glory is intimately involved in the entire separation of Israel from
Egypt, and from all the people that are upon the face of the earth.
"The people shall dwell alone, and shall not be reckoned among the
nations." To this the enemy demurs; and to hinder it he puts forth all
his malignant power, and all his crafty schemes. We have already
considered two of his objections, and we shall now proceed to the
third.

3. "And Moses and Aaron were brought again unto Pharaoh: and he said
unto them, Go, serve the Lord your God: but who are they that shall
go? And Moses said, We will go with our young and with our old, with
our sons and with our daughters, with our flocks and with our herds we
will go; for we must hold a feast unto the Lord. And he said unto
them, Let the Lord be so with you, as I will let you go, and your
little ones: look to it; for evil is before you. Not so: go now ye
that are men, and serve the Lord; for that ye did desire. And they
were driven out from Pharaoh's presence" (Ex. x. 8-11).

These words contain a very solemn lesson for the hearts of all
Christian parents. They reveal a deep and crafty purpose of the
arch-enemy. If he cannot keep the parents in Egypt, he will at least
seek to keep the children, and in this way mar the testimony to the
truth of God, tarnish His glory in His people, and hinder their
blessing in Him. Parents in the wilderness, and their children in
Egypt!--how opposed to the mind of God, and utterly subversive of His
glory in the walk of His people.

We should ever remember--strange that we should ever forget!--that our
children are part of ourselves. God's creative hand has made them
such; and, surely, what the Creator has joined together, the Redeemer
would not put asunder. Hence we invariably find that God links a man
and his house together. "Thou and thy house" is a phrase of deep
practical import. It involves the very highest consequences, and
conveys the richest consolation to every Christian parent; and, we may
truly add, the neglect of it has led to the most disastrous
consequences in thousands of family circles.

Very many--alas, how many!--Christian parents, through an utterly
false application of the doctrines of grace, have allowed their
children to grow up around them in wilfulness and worldliness; and
while so doing they have comforted themselves with the thought that
they could do nothing, and that in God's time their children would, if
included in the eternal purpose, be gathered in. They have virtually
lost sight of the grand practical truth that the One who has decreed
the end has fixed the means of reaching it, and that it is the height
of folly to think of gaining the end while neglecting the means.

Do we, then, mean to assert that all the children of Christian parents
are, of necessity, included in the number of God's elect; that they
will all be infallibly saved?--and if not, that it is the parents'
fault? We mean to assert nothing of the kind. "Known unto God are all
His works from the beginning of the world." We know nothing of God's
eternal decrees and purposes. No mortal eye has scanned the page of
His secret counsels.

What, then, is involved in the weighty expression, "Thou and thy
house?" There are two things involved in it. In the first place, there
is a most precious privilege; and, in the second place, a deep
responsibility. It is unquestionably the privilege of all Christian
parents to count on God for their children: but it is also their
bounden _duty_--do we dislike the homely word?--to train their
children for God.

Here we have the sum and substance of the whole matter--the two sides
of this great question. The word of God, in every part of it, connects
a man with his house. "This day is salvation come to _this house_."
"Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou shalt be saved, and _thy
house_" (Luke xix.; Acts xvi). Here lies the solid basis of the
privilege and responsibility of parents. Acting on the weighty
principle here laid down, we are at once to take God's ground for our
children, and diligently bring them up for Him, counting on Him for
the result. We are to begin at the very beginning, and go steadily on,
from day to day, month to month, year to year, training our children
for God. Just as a wise and skilful gardener begins, while his fruit
trees are young and tender, to train the branches along the wall where
they may catch the genial rays of the sun, so should we, while our
children are young and plastic, seek to mould them for God. It would
be the height of folly, on the part of the gardener, to wait till the
branches become old and gnarled, and then seek to train them. He would
find it a hopeless task. And, most surely, it is the very greatest
folly, on our part, to suffer our children to remain for years and
years under the moulding hand of Satan, and the world, and sin, ere we
rouse ourselves to the holy business of moulding them for God.

Let us not be misunderstood. Let no one suppose that we mean to teach
that grace is hereditary, or that we can, by any act or system of
training, make Christians of our children. No! nothing of the kind.
Grace is sovereign, and the children of Christian parents must, like
all others, be born of water and of the Spirit, ere they can see or
enter the kingdom of God. All this is as plain and as clear as
Scripture can make it; but, on the other hand, Scripture is equally
clear and plain as to the duty of Christian parents to "bring up their
children in the nurture and admonition of the Lord."[8]

  [8] In Abraham we see how paternal control and exercise of authority
  over his household is coupled with the Lord's promise and blessing:
  "And the Lord said, Shall I hide from Abraham that thing which I
  do?... For I know him, _that he will command his children and his
  household after him_, and they shall keep the way of the Lord ... that
  the Lord may bring upon Abraham that which He hath spoken of him"
  (Gen. 18: 17-19). Ed.

And what does this "bringing up" involve? What does it mean? In what
does it consist? These, surely, are weighty questions for the heart
and conscience of every Christian parent. It is to be feared, that
very few of us indeed really understand what Christian training means,
or how it is to be carried on. One thing is certain, namely, that
Christian training means a great deal more than drilling religion into
our children, making the Bible a task-book, teaching our children to
repeat texts and hymns like a parrot, and turning the family circle
into a school. No doubt it is very well to store the memory of a
child with Scripture and sweet hymns. No one would think of calling
this in question. But is it not too frequently the case that religion
is made a weariness to the child, and the Bible a repulsive
school-book?

This will never do. What is really needed is to surround our children
with a thoroughly Christian atmosphere, from their earliest moments;
to let them breathe the pure air of the new creation; to let them see
in their parents the genuine fruits of spiritual life--love, peace,
purity, tenderness, holy disinterestedness, genuine kindness,
unselfishness, loving thoughtfulness of others. These things have a
mighty moral influence upon the plastic mind of the child, and the
Spirit of God will assuredly use them in drawing the heart to
Christ--the centre and the source of all these beauteous graces and
heavenly influences.

But, on the other hand, who can attempt to define the pernicious
effect produced upon our children by our inconsistencies, by our bad
temper, our selfish ways, our worldliness, and covetousness? Can we be
said to bring our children out of Egypt when Egypt's principles and
habits are seen in our whole career? It may be we use and teach the
phraseology of the wilderness or of Canaan; but our ways, our manners,
our habits are those of Egypt, and our children are quicksighted
enough to mark the gross inconsistency, and the effect upon them is
deplorable beyond expression. We have but little idea of the way in
which the unfaithfulness of Christian parents has contributed to
swell the tide of infidelity which is rising around us with such
appalling rapidity.

It may be said, and said with a measure of truth, that children are
responsible spite of the inconsistency of their parents. But, most
assuredly, whatever amount of truth there may be in this statement, it
is not for parents to urge it. It ill becomes us to fall back upon the
responsibility of our children in view of our failure in meeting our
own. They are responsible, no doubt, but so are we; and if we fail to
exhibit before the eyes of our children those living and unanswerable
proofs that we ourselves have left Egypt, and left it for ever, need
we marvel if they remain? Of what possible use is it to talk about
wilderness life, and our being in Canaan, while our manners, our
habits, our ways, our deportment, our spirit, the bent of our whole
life, bears and exhibits the impress of Egypt? None whatever. The
language of the life gives the lie to the language of the lips, and we
know full well that the former is far more telling than the latter.
Our children will judge from our conduct, not from our talk, where we
really are; and is this to be wondered at? Is not conduct the real
index of conviction? If we have really left Egypt, it will be seen in
our ways; and if it be not seen in our ways, the talk of the lips is
worse than worthless; it only tends to create disgust in the minds of
our children, and to lead them to the conclusion that Christianity is
a mere sham.

All this is deeply solemn, and should lead Christian parents into the
most profound exercise of soul in the presence of God. We may depend
upon it there is a great deal more involved in this question of
training than many of us are aware of. Nothing but the direct power of
the Spirit of God can fit parents for the great and holy work of
training their children, in these days in which we live, and in the
midst of the scene through which we are passing. That word falls upon
the heart with heavenly sweetness and power: "My grace is sufficient
for thee." We can, with fullest confidence, reckon upon God to bless
the very feeblest effort to lead our dear children forth out of Egypt.
But the effort must be made, and made, too, with real, fixed, earnest
purpose of heart. It will not do to fold our arms and say, "Grace is
not hereditary. We cannot convert our children. If they are of the
number of God's elect they must be saved; if not, they cannot."

All this is one-sided and utterly false. It will not stand; it cannot
bear the light of the judgment-seat of Christ. Parents cannot get rid
of the holy responsibility of training their children for God; that
responsibility begins with, and is based upon, the relationship; and
the right discharge of it demands continual exercise of soul before
God, in reference to our children. We have to remember that the
foundation of character is laid in the nursery. It is in the early
days of infancy that Christian training begins, and it must be
steadily pursued, from day to day, month to month, and year to year,
in simple, hearty dependence upon God who will, most assuredly, in due
time, hear and answer the earnest cry of a parent's heart, and crown
with His rich blessing the faithful labors of a parent's hands.

And, while on this subject of training children, we would, in true
brotherly love, offer a suggestion to all Christian parents as to the
immense importance of inculcating a spirit of implicit obedience.

If we mistake not, there is very wide-spread failure in this respect,
for which we have to judge ourselves before God. Whether through a
false tenderness, or indolence, we suffer our children to walk
according to their own will and pleasure, and the strides which they
make along this road are alarmingly rapid. They pass from stage to
stage with great speed, until, at length, they reach the terrible goal
of despising their parents altogether, throwing their authority
entirely overboard, and trampling beneath their feet the holy order of
God, and turning the domestic circle into a scene of godless misrule
and confusion.

How dreadful this is we need not say, or how utterly opposed to the
mind of God, as revealed in His holy word. But have we not ourselves
to blame for it? God has put into the parents' hands the reins of
government, and the rod of authority, but if parents, through
indolence, suffer the reins to drop from their hands; and if through
false tenderness or moral weakness, the rod of authority is not
applied, need we marvel if the children grow up in utter lawlessness?
How could it be otherwise? Children are, as a rule, very much what we
make them. If they are made to be obedient, they will be so; and if
they are allowed to have their own way, the result will be
accordingly.

Are we then to be continually chucking the reins and brandishing the
rod? By no means. This would be to break the spirit of the child,
instead of subduing his will. Where parental authority is thoroughly
established, the reins may lie gently on the neck, and the rod be
allowed to stand in the corner. The child should be taught, from his
earliest hour, that the parent only wills his good, but the parent's
will must be supreme. Nothing is simpler. A look is enough for a
properly trained child. There is no need whatever to be continually
hawking our authority; indeed nothing is more contemptible whether in
a husband, a father, or a master. There is a quiet dignity about one
who really possesses authority; whereas the spasmodic efforts of
weakness only draw out contempt.

We have found, through many years of experience and careful
observation, that the real secret of successful training lies in the
proper adjustment of firmness and tenderness. If the parent, from the
very beginning, establishes his authority, he may exercise as much
tenderness as the most loving heart can desire or display. When the
child is really made to feel that the reins and rod are under the
direct control of sound judgment and true affection, and not of a
sour temper and an arbitrary will, there will be little difficulty in
training him.

In a word, firmness and tenderness are the two essential ingredients
in all sound education; a firmness which the child will not dare to
question; a tenderness which takes account of the child's every real
want and right desire. It is sad indeed if the idea which a child
forms of parental authority be that of an arbitrary interference with,
or a cold indifference to, his little wishes and wants. It is not thus
that our heavenly Father deals with us; and He is to be our model in
this as in all beside. If it be written, and it is written, "Children,
obey your parents in all things;" it is also, in beautiful adjusting
power, written, "Fathers, provoke not your children, lest they be
discouraged." Again, if it be said, "Children, obey your parents in
the Lord; for this is right;" it is also said, "Ye fathers, provoke
not your children to wrath; but bring them up in the nurture and
admonition of the Lord." In short, the child must be taught to obey;
but the obedient child must be allowed to breathe an atmosphere of
tenderness, and to walk up and down in the sunshine of parental
affection. This is the spirit of Christian education.[9]

  [9] For further remarks on the deeply important subject of domestic
  government, the reader is referred to a small pamphlet entitled, "Thou
  and Thy House; or, The Christian at Home."

  Also an excellent little paper, "The Training of Children," by a
  Mother. Price of the first is 10 cts; the last is 4 cts.

Most gladly would we dwell further on this great practical subject;
but we trust sufficient has been said to rouse the hearts and
consciences of all Christian parents to a sense of their high and holy
responsibilities in reference to their beloved offspring; and also to
shew that there is a great deal more involved in bringing our children
out of Egypt, and taking God's ground for them, than many of us are
aware of. And if the reading of the foregoing lines be used of God to
lead any parent into prayerful exercise in this most weighty matter,
we shall not have penned them in vain.

4. We shall close this paper with the briefest possible reference to
the enemy's fourth and last objection, which is embodied in the
following words, "And Pharaoh called unto Moses, and said, Go ye,
serve the Lord; only let your flocks and your herds be stayed: let
your little ones also go with you." He would let them go, but without
resources to serve the Lord. If he could not keep them in Egypt, he
would send them away crippled and shorn. Such is the enemy's last
demurrer.

But mark the noble reply of a devoted heart. It is morally grand. "And
Moses said, Thou must give us also sacrifices and burnt-offerings,
that we may sacrifice unto the Lord our God. Our cattle also shall go
with us; there shall not a hoof be left behind: for thereof must we
take to serve the Lord our God; and"--ponder these suggestive
words--"_We know not with what we must serve the Lord until we come
thither._"

We must be fully and clearly on God's ground and at His stand-point,
before ever we can form any true idea of the nature and extent of His
claims. It is utterly impossible, while surrounded by a worldly
atmosphere, and governed by a worldly spirit, worldly principles, and
worldly objects, to have any just sense of what is due to God. We must
stand on the lofty ground of accomplished redemption--in the
full-orbed light of the new creation--apart from this present evil
world, ere we can properly serve Christ. It is only when, in the power
of an indwelling Spirit, we see where we are brought by the death and
resurrection of Christ--"three days' journey"--that we can at all
understand what true Christian service is; and then we shall clearly
see and fully own, that "all we are, and all we have, belong to Him."
"We know not with what we must serve the Lord until we come thither."
Precious words! May we better understand their force, meaning, and
practical application! Moses, the man of God, meets all Satan's
objections by a simple but decided adherence to Jehovah's demand, "Let
My people go, that they hold a feast unto Me in the wilderness."

This is the true principle we are called to maintain spite of all
objections. If that standard be lowered, ever so little, the enemy
gains his point, and Christian service and testimony are
undermined--if not made impossible.




                         "THYSELF AND THE DOCTRINE"

                        (_A Word for the Workman._)

     "Take heed unto thyself, and unto the doctrine (or
     teaching); continue in them: for in doing this thou shall
     both save thyself, and them that hear thee."--1 Tim. iv. 16.


These are solemn and weighty words for all those who labor in the word
and doctrine. They were addressed by the inspired apostle to his
beloved son Timothy, and contain most precious instruction for every
one who is called of God to minister in the assembly, or to preach the
gospel. It is assuredly a very high and holy privilege to be permitted
to take part in such a ministry; but it involves a most serious
responsibility; and the passage just quoted sets before the workman
two deeply important duties--yea, absolutely essential duties, to
which he must give his diligent, constant, prayerful attention, if he
would be an efficient workman in the Church of God--"a good minister
of Jesus Christ." He must take heed to himself; and he must take heed
to the teaching.

1. And first, then, let us consider the solemn clause, "_Take heed to
thyself_." We cannot adequately set forth the moral importance of
this. It is, of course, important for all Christians; but for the
workman preeminently so; for to such it is here particularly
addressed. He, above all, will need to take heed to himself. He must
guard the state of his heart, the state of his conscience, his whole
inward man. He must keep himself pure. His thoughts, his affections,
his spirit, his temper, his tongue, must all be kept under the holy
control of the Spirit and word of God. He must wear the girdle of
truth and the breastplate of righteousness. His moral condition and
his practical walk must answer to the truth ministered, else the enemy
will most assuredly get an advantage over him.

The teacher ought to be the living exponent of what he teaches. At
least this should be his honest, earnest, constant aim. He should ever
keep this holy standard before "the eyes of his heart." Alas, the best
will fail and come short; but where the heart is true, the conscience
tender, and the fear of God and the love of Christ have their due
place, the workman will never be satisfied with anything short of the
divine standard for his inward state and his outward walk. It will
ever be his earnest desire to exhibit the practical effect of his
teaching, and to be "an example of the believers, in word, in
conversation, in love, in spirit, in faith, in purity" (1 Tim. iv.
12). With this he should ever remember that "we preach not ourselves,
but Christ Jesus the Lord; and ourselves your servants, for Jesus'
sake."

We must never for a moment lose sight of the weighty moral fact that
the teacher ought to _live_ the truth which he teaches. It is morally
dangerous, in the extreme, for a man to teach in public what he does
not live in private--dangerous for himself, most damaging to the
testimony, and injurious to those with whom he has to do. What can be
more deplorable or humiliating than for a man to be characterized by
contradicting in his personal history and in his domestic life the
truth which he utters in the public assembly? It is simply fearful,
and must inevitably lead to the most disastrous results.

Hence, then, may it be the deep-seated, earnest purpose and aim of all
those who minister in the Word and doctrine to feed upon the precious
truth of God; to make it their own; to live and move and have their
being in the very atmosphere of it; to have the inward man
strengthened and formed by it; to have it dwelling richly in them,
that thus it may flow out in living power, savor, unction and fulness
to others.

It is a very poor, yea, a very dangerous thing to sit down to the word
of God as a mere student, for the purpose of preparing lectures or
sermons for other people. Nothing can be more deadening or withering
to the soul. Mere intellectual traffic in the truth of God, storing up
certain doctrines, views and principles in the memory, and giving them
out with a certain fluency of speech, is at once deluding and
demoralizing. We may be drawing water for other people, and all the
while be like rusty pipes ourselves. How miserable this is! "If any
man thirst, let him come unto Me and _drink_," said our blessed Lord.
He did not say "_draw_." The true spring and power of all ministry in
the Church will ever be found in drinking for our own souls, not in
drawing for others. "He that believeth on Me, as the Scripture hath
said, out of his belly shall flow rivers of living water." We must
abide close to the eternal fountain, the heart of Christ; drink
deeply, drink continually. Thus our own souls shall be refreshed and
enriched; rivers shall flow for the refreshment of others, and streams
of praise ascend to the throne and to the heart of God by Jesus
Christ. This is Christian ministry--yea, this is Christianity; all
else is utterly worthless.

2. We shall now dwell for a few moments on the second point in our
subject, namely, the doctrine, or teaching--for such is the true force
of the original word. And oh, how much is involved in this! "Take heed
to the teaching." Solemn admonition! What care is needed! What holy
watchfulness! What earnest, prayerful, constant waiting upon God for
the right thing to say, and the right way to say it! God only knows
the state and the need of souls. He knows their capacity. We do not.
We may be offering "strong meat" to those who can only bear "milk,"
and thus do positive mischief. "If any man speak, let him speak as
oracles of God." He does not say, "_according_ to the oracles of God."
A man may rise and speak for an hour in the assembly, and every word
he says may be in strict accordance with the letter of Scripture, and
yet he may not at all speak as an oracle of God--as God's mouthpiece
to the people. He may minister truth, but not the needed truth, at the
time.

How solemn is all this! How it makes us feel the seriousness of the
apostle's admonition, "Take heed to the teaching"! How it sets before
us the urgent need of self-emptied dependence upon the power and
guidance of the Holy Ghost! Here lies the precious secret of all
effective ministry, whether oral or written. We may talk for hours,
and write volumes,--and talk and write nothing unscriptural,--but if
it be not in the power of the Spirit, our words will prove but as
sounding brass and a tinkling cymbal, and our volumes as so much waste
paper. We want to lie much at the Master's feet, to drink deeply into
His Spirit, to be in fellowship with His heart of love for the
precious lambs and sheep of His flock. Then shall we be in a condition
of soul to give the portion of meat in due season.

He alone knows exactly what His beloved people really need at all
times. We may perhaps feel deeply interested in some special line of
truth, and we may judge it to be the right thing for the assembly; but
this might be quite a mistake. It is not the truth which interests us,
but the truth which the assembly needs, that should be given out; and
for this we should ever wait upon our gracious Lord. We should look
simply and earnestly to Him, and say, "Lord, what wouldest Thou have
me to say to Thy beloved people? Give me the suited message for them."
Then would He use us as His channels; and the truth would flow down
from His loving heart into our hearts, and forth from us, in the power
of His Spirit, into the hearts of His people.

Oh that it were thus with all who speak and write for the Church of
God! What results we might look for!--what power!--what manifest
progress in the divine life! The true interests of the flock of Christ
would then be thought of in all that was spoken or written. Nothing
equivocal, nothing strange or startling, would then be sent forth.
Nothing but what is sound and seasonable would flow from the lips or
the pen. Sound speech that cannot be condemned, that which is good for
the use of edifying, would alone be sent forth.

May every beloved workman throughout the length and breadth of the
Church of God take home to himself the apostolic admonition, "Take
heed to thyself, and to the teaching; ... for in doing this thou shalt
both save thyself, and them that hear thee"!

"Of these things put them in remembrance, testifying earnestly before
the Lord, not to have disputes of words, profitable for nothing, to
the subversion of the hearers. Strive diligently to present thyself
_approved to God_, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, rightly
dividing the word of truth" (2 Tim. ii. 14, 15).




                             THE THREE CROSSES.

                             Luke xxiii. 39-43.


We want the reader to turn aside with us for a few moments and
meditate upon those three crosses. If we mistake not, he will find a
very wide field of truth opened before him in the brief but
comprehensive record given at the head of this article.

1. First of all, we must gaze at the centre cross, or rather at Him
who was nailed thereon--Jesus of Nazareth--that blessed One who had
spent His life in labors of love, healing the sick, cleansing the
lepers, opening the eyes of the blind, raising the dead, feeding the
hungry, drying the widow's tears, meeting every form of human need,
ever ready to drop the tear of true sympathy with every child of
sorrow; whose meat and drink it was to do the will of God, and to do
good to man; a holy, spotless, perfectly gracious man; the only pure,
untainted sheaf of human fruit ever seen in this world; "a man
approved of God," who had perfectly glorified God on this earth and
perfectly manifested Him in all His ways.

Such, then, was the One who occupied the centre cross; and when we
come to inquire what it was that placed Him there, we learn a
threefold lesson; or rather, we should say, three profound truths are
unfolded to our hearts.

In the first place, we are taught, as nothing else can teach us, what
man's heart is toward God. Nothing has ever displayed this--nothing
could display it--as the cross has. If we want a perfect standard by
which to measure the world, to measure the human heart, to measure
sin, we must look at the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ. We cannot
stop short of the cross, and we cannot go beyond it, if we want to
know what the world is, inasmuch as it was there that the world fully
uttered itself--there fallen humanity fully let itself out. When the
human voice cried out, "Crucify Him! crucify Him!" that voice was the
utterance of the human heart, declaring, as nothing else could
declare, its true condition in the sight of God. When man nailed the
Son of God to the cross, he reached the full height of his guilt, and
the depth of moral turpitude. When man preferred a robber and a
murderer to Christ, he proved that he would rather have robbery and
murder than light and love. The cross demonstrates this tremendous
fact; and the demonstration is so clear as to leave not the shadow of
a question.

It is well to seize this point. It is certainly not seen with
sufficient clearness. We are very prone to judge of the world
according to its treatment of ourselves. We speak of its hollowness,
its faithlessness, its baseness, its deceitfulness, and such like;
but we are too apt to make _self_ the measure in all this, and hence
we fall short of the real mark. In order to reach a just conclusion,
we must judge by a perfect standard, and this can only be found in the
cross. The cross is the only perfect measure of man, of the world, of
sin. If we really want to know what the world is, we must remember
that it preferred a robber to Christ, and crucified between two
thieves the only perfect man that ever lived.

Such, beloved reader, is the world in which you live. Such is its
character--such its moral condition--such its true state as proved by
its own deliberately planned and determinedly perpetrated act. And
therefore we need not marvel at aught that we hear or see of the
world's wickedness, seeing that in crucifying the Lord of glory, it
gave the strongest proof that could be given of wickedness and guilt.

It will perhaps be said, in reply, the world is changed. It is not now
what it was in the days of Herod and Pontius Pilate. The world of the
nineteenth century is very different from the world of the first. It
has made progress in every way. Civilization has flung its fair mantle
over the scene; and, as respects a large portion of the world,
Christianity has shed its purifying and enlightening influence upon
the masses; so that it would be _very_ unwarrantable to measure the
world that _is_ by the terrible act of the world that _was_.

Reader, do you really believe that the world is changed? Is it really
improved in the deep springs of its moral being--is it altered at its
heart's core? We readily admit all that a free gospel and an open
Bible have, by the rich mercy of God, achieved here and there. We
think, with grateful hearts and worshiping spirits, of thousands and
hundreds of thousands of precious souls converted to God. We bless the
Lord, with all our hearts, for multitudes who have lived and died in
the faith of Christ; and for multitudes who, at this very moment, are
giving most convincing evidence of their genuine attachment to the
name, the person, and the cause of Christ.

But, after allowing the broadest margin in which to insert all these
glorious results, we return, with firm decision, to our conviction
that the world is the world still, and if it had the opportunity, the
act that was perpetrated in Jerusalem in the year 33, would be
perpetrated in Christendom now.

This may seem severe and sweeping; but is it true? Is the Name of
Jesus one whit more agreeable to the world to-day, than it was when
its great religious leaders cried out, "Not this man, but Barabbas!"
Only try it. Go and breathe that peerless and precious Name amid the
brilliant circles that throng the drawing-rooms of the polite, the
fashionable, the wealthy, and the noble of this our own day. Name Him
in the steamboat saloon, in the railway carriage, or in the public
hall, and see if you will not very speedily be told that such a
subject is out of place. Any other name, any other subject will be
tolerated. You may talk folly and nonsense in the ear of the world,
and you will never be told it is out of place; but talk of Jesus, and
you will very soon be silenced. How often have we seen our leading
thoroughfares literally blocked up by crowds of people looking at a
puppet show, or listening to a ballad singer or a German band, and no
policeman tells them to move on. Let a servant of Christ stand to
preach in our thoroughfares and he will be summoned before the
magistrates. There is room in our public streets for the devil, but
there is no room for Jesus Christ. "Not this man, but Barabbas."

Can any one deny these things? Have they not been witnessed again and
again? And what do they prove? They prove, beyond all question, the
fallacy of the notion that the world is improved. They prove that the
world of the nineteenth century is the world of the first. It has, in
some places, changed its dress, but not its real _animus_. It has
doffed the robes of paganism, and donned the cloak of Christianity;
but underneath that cloak may be seen all the hideous features of
paganism's spirit. Compare Romans i. 29-31 with 2 Timothy iii., and
there you will find the very traits and lineaments of nature in
darkest heathenism, reproduced in connection with "the form of
godliness"--the grossest forms of moral pravity covered with the robe
of christian profession.

No, no, reader; it is a fatal mistake to imagine that the world is
improving. It is stained with the murder of the Son of God; and it
proves its consent to the deed in every stage of its history, in
every phase of its condition. The world is under judgment. Its
sentence is passed; the awful day of its execution is rapidly
approaching. The world is simply a deep, dark, rapid stream rushing
onward to the lake of fire. Nothing but the sword of judgment can ever
settle the heavy question pending between the God and Father of our
Lord Jesus Christ and that world which murdered His Son.

Thus it is, if Scripture is to be our guide. Judgment is coming. It is
at the very door. Eighteen hundred years ago, the inspired apostle
penned the solemn sentence, that "God is _ready_ to judge." If He was
ready then, surely He is ready now. And why tarries He? In
long-suffering mercy, not willing that _any_ should perish, but that
_all_ should come to repentance. Precious words! Words of exquisite
tenderness and matchless grace! Words that tell out the large, loving,
gracious heart of our God, and His intense desire for man's salvation.

But judgment is coming. The awful day of vengeance is at hand; and,
meanwhile, the voice of Jesus, sounding through the lips of His dear
ambassadors, may be heard on every side calling men to flee out of the
terrible vortex, and make their escape to the stronghold of God's
salvation.

2. But this leads us, in the second place, to look at the cross as the
expression of God's heart toward man. If on the cross of our adorable
Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, we read, in characters deep, broad,
and unmistakable, the true state of man's heart Godward; in the
selfsame cross, we may read, with no less clearness surely, the state
of God's heart toward man. The cross is the divinely perfect measure
of both.

    "The very spear that pierced Thy side,
    Drew forth the blood to save."

We behold, at the cross, the marvellous meeting of enmity and
love--sin and grace. Man displayed at Calvary, the very height of his
enmity against God. God, blessed for ever be His name, displayed the
height of His love. Hatred and love met; but love proved victorious.
God and sin met; God triumphed, sin was put away, and now, at the
resurrection side of the cross, the eternal Spirit announces the glad
tidings, that grace reigns through righteousness, unto eternal life by
Jesus Christ our Lord. At the cross, the battle was fought and the
victory won; and now the liberal hand of sovereign grace is scattering
far and wide the spoils of victory.

Reader, do you really desire to know what the heart of God is toward
man? If so, go and gaze on that centre cross to which Jesus Christ was
nailed, by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God. True it
is, as we have already seen, man did, with wicked hands, crucify and
slay the blessed One. This is the dark side of this question. But
there is a bright side also, for God is seen in it. No doubt, man
fully let himself out at the cross; but God was above him. Yes, above
all the powers of earth and hell which were there ranged in their
terrible array.

As it was, in the case of Joseph and his brethren; they told out the
enmity of their hearts in flinging him into the pit, and selling him
to the Ishmaelites. Here was the dark side. But then, mark these words
of Joseph: "Now therefore be not grieved, nor angry with yourselves,
that ye sold me hither; for God did send me before you to preserve
life."

Here was the bright side. But to whom were these wondrous words of
grace addressed? To broken hearts and penitent spirits, and convicted
consciences. To men who had learnt to say, "We are verily guilty." It
is only such that can at all enter into the line of truth which is now
before us. Those who have taken their true place, who have accepted
the judgment of God against themselves, who truly own that the cross
is the measure of their guilt--they can appreciate the cross as the
expression of God's heart of love toward them; they can enter into the
glorious truth that the selfsame cross which demonstrates man's hatred
of God sets forth also God's love to man. The two things ever go
together. It is when we see and own our guilt, as proved in the cross,
that we learn the purifying and peace-speaking power of that precious
blood which cleanseth us from all sin.

Yes, beloved reader; it is only a broken heart and a contrite spirit
that can truly enter into the marvellous love of God as set forth in
the cross of Christ. How could Joseph ever have said, "Be not grieved
with yourselves," if he had not seen his brethren broken down in his
presence? Impossible. And how can an unbroken heart, an unreached
conscience, an impenitent soul enter into the value of the atoning
blood of Christ, or taste the sweetness of the love of God? Utterly
impossible. Joseph "spake roughly" to his brethren at the first, but
the very moment those accents emanated from their broken hearts, "We
are verily guilty," they were in a condition to understand and value
the words, "Be not grieved with yourselves." It is when we are
completely broken down in the presence of the cross, seeing it as the
perfect measure of our own deep personal guilt, that we are prepared
to see it as the glorious display of God's love towards us.

And then and there we escape from a guilty world. Then and there we
are rescued completely from that dark and rapid current of which we
have spoken, and brought within the hallowed and peaceful circle of
God's salvation, where we can walk up and down in the very sunlight of
a Father's countenance and breathe the pure air of the new creation.
"Thanks be to God for His unspeakable gift!"

3. And now, one word, ere closing this branch of our subject on the
cross as displaying the heart of Christ toward God. We can do little
more than indicate this point, leaving the reader to prove its
suggestive power, under the immediate ministry of the Holy Ghost.

It is an unspeakable comfort to the heart, in the midst of such a
world as this, to remember that God has been perfectly glorified by
One, at least. There has been One on this earth whose meat and drink
was to do the will of God, to glorify Him, and finish His work. In
life and death, Jesus perfectly glorified God. From the manger to the
cross, His heart was perfectly devoted to _the_ one great object,
namely, to accomplish the will of God, whatever that will might be.
"Lo, I come (in the volume of the book it is written of Me) to do Thy
will, O God." In the roll of Scripture it was written of the Son that,
in due time, He should come into this world, according to God's
eternal counsels, and accomplish the will of the Godhead. To this He
dedicated Himself with all the energies of His perfect being. From
this He never swerved a hair's breadth from first to last; and when we
gaze on that centre cross which is now engaging our attention, we
behold the perfect consummation of that which had filled the heart of
Jesus from the very beginning, even the accomplishment of the will of
God.

All this is blessedly unfolded to us in that charming passage in
Philippians ii. "Let this mind be in you which was also in Christ
Jesus; who being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be
equal with God; but made Himself of no reputation, and took upon Him
the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of men; and being
found in fashion as a man, He humbled Himself, and became obedient
unto death, even the death of the cross" (Vers. 5-8).

How wonderful is all this! What profound depths there are in the
mystery of the cross! What lines of truth converge in it! What rays of
light emanate from it! What unfoldings of heart there! The heart of
man to Godward--the heart of God to manward--the heart of Christ to
God! All this we have in the cross. We can gaze on that One who hung
there between two thieves, a spectacle to heaven, earth, and hell, and
see the perfect measure of every one and everything in the whole
universe of God. Would we know the measure of the heart of God--His
love to us--His hatred of sin? we must look at the cross. Would we
know the measure of the heart of man, his real condition, his hatred
of all that is divinely good, his innate love of all that is
thoroughly bad? we must look at the cross. Would we know what the
world is--what sin is--what Satan is? we must look at the cross.

Assuredly, then, there is nothing like the cross. Well may we ponder
it. It shall be our theme throughout the everlasting ages. May it be,
more and more, our theme now! May the Holy Ghost so lead our souls
into the living depths of the cross, that we may be absorbed with the
One who was nailed thereto, and thus weaned from the world that placed
Him there. May the real utterance of our hearts, beloved reader, ever
be, "God forbid that I should glory save in the cross of our Lord
Jesus Christ." God grant it, for Jesus Christ's sake!

       *       *       *       *       *

Having dwelt, for a little, on that marvellous centre cross to which
the Lord of glory was nailed, for our redemption, we shall now turn to
the other two, and seek to learn some solemn and weighty lessons from
the inspired record concerning the men who hung thereon. We shall find
in these two men samples of the two great classes into which the human
family is divided, from the beginning to the end of time, namely the
receivers and the rejecters of the Christ of God--those who believe in
Jesus, and those who believe not.

In the first place, it is of the utmost importance to see that there
was no essential difference between those two men. In nature, in their
recorded history, in their circumstances, they were one. Some have
labored to establish a distinction between them; but for what object
it is difficult to say, unless it be to dim the lustre of the grace
that shines forth in the narrative of the penitent thief. It is
maintained that there must have been some event in his previous
history to account for his marvellous end--some redeeming
feature--some hopeful circumstance on account of which his prayer was
heard at the last.

But Scripture is totally silent as to aught of this kind. And not only
is it silent as to any redeeming or qualifying circumstance, but it
actually gives us the testimony of two inspired witnesses to prove
that, up to the very moment in which Luke introduces him to our
notice, he, like his fellow on the other side, was engaged in the
terrible work of railing on the Son of God. In Matthew xxvii. 44, we
read that "The _thieves_ also, which were crucified with Him, cast the
same in His teeth." So also in Mark xv. 32, "_They_ that were
crucified with Him reviled Him."

Now, this is divinely conclusive. It proves, beyond all question, that
there was no difference between the two thieves. They were both
condemned malefactors; and not only so, but when actually on the very
confines of the eternal world, they were both occupied in the awful
sin of reviling the blessed Son of God.

It is utterly vain, therefore, for any one to seek to establish a
distinction between these two men, inasmuch as they were alike in
their nature, in their guilt, in their criminality, and in their
profane wickedness. There was no difference up to the moment in which
the arrow of conviction entered the soul of him whom we call the
penitent thief. The more clearly this is seen, the more the sovereign
grace of God shines out in all its blessed brightness. "There is no
difference; for all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God."
And, on the other hand, "There is no difference, for the same Lord
over all is rich unto all that call upon Him" (Compare Rom. iii. 22,
23, with chapter x. 12).

The only standard by which men are to be measured is "the glory of
God;" and inasmuch as all have come short of that--the best as well
as the worst of men--there is no difference. Were it merely a question
of conscience, or of human righteousness, there might be some
difference. Were the standard of measurement merely human, then indeed
some shades of distinction might easily be established. But it is not
so. All must be ruled by the glory of God; and, thus ruled, all are
alike deficient. "There is no difference; for all have sinned, and
come short of the glory of God."

But, blessed be God, there is another side to this great question.
"The same Lord over all is rich unto all that call upon Him." The
riches of the grace of God are such as to reach down to the very
deepest depths of human ruin, guilt and misery. If the light of divine
glory reveals--as nothing else could reveal--man's utter ruin; the
riches of divine grace, as displayed in the person and work of Christ,
have perfectly met that ruin, and provided a remedy in every way
adequate to meet the claims of the divine glory.

But let us see how all this is illustrated in the striking and
beautiful narrative of the penitent thief.

It is very evident that the Spirit of God, in the evangelist Luke,
takes up this interesting case at that special point in the which a
divine work had really begun. Matthew and Mark present him as a
blaspheming malefactor. We can hardly conceive a deeper shade of moral
turpitude than that which he, according to their inspired record,
exhibits to our view! There is not so much as a single relieving
tint. All is dark as midnight--dark almost as hell; yet not too dark
to be reached by the light that was shining straight down from heaven
through the mysterious medium of that centre cross.

It is well to get a very profound sense of our true condition by
nature. We cannot possibly go too deep in this line. The ruin of
nature is complete--of nature in all its phases and in all its stages.
If all have not gone to the same length as the thief on the cross--if
all have not brought forth the same fruit--if all have not clothed
themselves in forms equally hideous, it is no thanks to their nature.
The human heart is a seed plot in which may be found the seed of every
crime that has ever stained the page of human history. If the seed has
not germinated and fructified, it is not owing to a difference in the
soul, but a difference in surrounding circumstances and influences.

The testimony of Scripture on this great question, is distinct and
conclusive, "There is no difference." Men do not like this. It is too
leveling for them. Self-righteousness is cut out by the roots by this
sweeping statement of inspiration. Man likes to establish
distinctions. He cannot bear to be placed in the same category with
the Magdalenes and the Samaritans, and such like. But it cannot be
otherwise. Grace levels all distinctions now; and judgment will level
them all by-and-by. If we are saved, it is in company with Magdalenes
and Samaritans; and if we are lost, it will be in company with such
likewise. There will, no doubt, be degrees of glory; as there will be
degrees of punishment; but as to the real nature and character of the
human heart, "there is no difference." "The _heart_ is deceitful above
all things, and desperately wicked." What heart? Man's heart--the
heart of the writer and the reader of these lines. "For out of _the
heart_ proceed evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications,
thefts, false witness, blasphemies." Out of what heart? Man's
heart--the heart of the writer and the reader of these lines. These
things could not come out of the heart if they were not there; and if
they do not come out in action, it is not because they are not there,
but that circumstances have operated to prevent.

Such is the clear and unvarying testimony of Holy Scripture; and
whenever the Spirit of God begins to operate on the heart and
conscience of a man He produces the deep sense and full confession of
the truth of this testimony. Every divinely convicted soul is ready to
adopt as his own these words, "In me, that is, in my flesh, dwelleth
no good." Every truly contrite spirit owns the fact of his total ruin.
All wisdom's children justify God and condemn themselves--there is no
exception. All who are really brought under the convicting power of
the Holy Spirit will, without any reserve, set their seal--the seal of
their whole moral being to the inspired statement, "there is no
difference."

Any who hesitate to own this have yet to learn themselves, in the
light of the holiness of God. The most refined, polished and
cultivated person, if enlightened by the Spirit of God, will readily
take his place with the thief on the cross, inasmuch as the divine
light shining in upon him, reveals the hidden springs of his being,
leads him to see the profound depths of his nature--the roots and
sources of things. Thus while relatives, friends and acquaintances--mere
onlookers, judging from the surface, may think very highly of his
character, he himself, knowing better, because of divine light, can only
exclaim, "O wretched man that I am"--"Behold I am vile"--"Woe is me, I am
undone"--"I am a sinful man, O Lord."

These are the proper utterances of a divinely convicted soul; and it
is only when we can thus truly and heartily express ourselves that we
are really prepared to appreciate the riches of the grace of God as
unfolded in the gospel of Jesus Christ. Grace takes up real sinners.
"The Son of man is come to seek and to save that which is lost;" and
the more fully I realize my lost estate, my hopeless ruin, my utter
wretchedness, the more fully I can enter into the fulness and freeness
of God's salvation--a salvation purchased by the blood of the cross.

Hence we see how brightly grace shines in the salvation of the thief
on the cross. There can be no possible mistake as to him. Clearly he
had no good works to trust in. He had performed no deeds of charity.
Of baptism and the Lord's Supper he knew nothing. The rites,
ceremonies, and ordinances of religion had done--could do nothing for
him. In a word, his case was a thoroughly hopeless one, so far as _he_
was concerned. For what could _he_ do? Whither could he turn? His
hands and his feet were nailed fast to a malefactor's cross. It was
useless to talk to him about doing or going. His hands, while he had
the use of them, had been stretched forth in deeds of violence; and
now they were nailed to the tree, and could do nothing. His feet,
while he had the use of them, had trodden the terrible path of the
transgressor; and now they were nailed to the tree, and could not
carry him anywhere.

But, reader, note this. Although the poor thief no longer had the use
of his hands and his feet--so indispensable to a religion of
works--his heart and his tongue were free; and these are the very
things that are called into exercise in a religion of faith, as we
read in that lovely tenth of Romans, "With the _heart_ man believeth
unto righteousness; and with the _mouth_ confession is made unto
salvation."

Precious words! How suited to the thief on the cross! How suited and
seasonable for _every_ poor helpless, hopeless, self-destroyed sinner!
And we must all be saved in like manner as the thief on the cross.
There are no two ways to heaven. There is not one way for the
religionist, the moralist, the Pharisee, and another way for the
malefactor. There is but one way, and that way is marked from the
very throne of God down to where the guilty sinner lies, dead in
trespasses and sins, with the footprints of redeeming love; and from
thence back to the throne by the precious atoning blood of Christ.
This is the way to heaven--a way paved with love, sprinkled with
blood, and trodden by a happy holy band of redeemed worshipers
gathered from all the ends of the earth, to chant the heavenly anthem,
"Worthy is the Lamb that was slain."

We have said that the heart of the thief was free; yes, free under the
mighty action of the Holy Ghost, to turn toward that blessed One who
hung beside him--that One whom he had just been reviling, but on whom
he could now fix his repentant gaze, and to whom he could now bear the
noblest testimony ever uttered by men or angels.

But it is most instructive and interesting to mark the progress of the
work of God in the soul of the dying thief. Indeed the work of God in
any soul is ever of the deepest possible interest. The operations of
the Holy Spirit _in us_ must never be separated from the work of
Christ _for us_; and, we may add, both the one and the other are
founded upon, and inseparably linked with the eternal counsels of God
with respect to us. This is what makes it all so real, so solid, so
entirely divine. It is not of man. It is all of God, from first to
last--from the first dawning of conviction in the soul until it is
introduced into the full-orbed light of the glorious gospel of the
grace of God. The Lord be praised that it is so! Were it
otherwise--were there a single atom of the creature in it, from
beginning to end, that one atom would neutralize and destroy the
whole, and render it not worth having.

Now in the case of the penitent thief, we discern the first touch of
the Eternal Spirit--the very earliest fruit of His sanctifying work,
in the words addressed to his fellow, "Dost thou not fear God?" He
does not say, "Dost thou not fear punishment?" The sanctification of
the Spirit, in every case, is evidenced by the fear of the Lord, and a
holy abhorrence of evil for its own sake. "The fear of the Lord is the
beginning of wisdom." There may be a fear of judgment, a fear of hell,
a fear of the consequences of sin, without the smallest particle of
hatred of sin itself. But where the Spirit of God is really at work in
the heart, He produces the real sense of sin and the judgment thereof
in the sight of God.

This is repentance; let the reader ponder it deeply. It is a grand
reality; an essential element, in every case. "God commandeth all men,
everywhere, to repent" (Acts xvii. 30). There is no getting over
this--no setting it aside. Some may seek to do away with man's
responsibility on the plea of his inability to do anything right or
good. They may seek to persuade us that it is useless, yea unsound, to
call upon men to repent and believe, seeing that men can do nothing of
themselves. But the question is, what is the meaning of the words
which we have just culled from the apostle's address at Athens? Did
Paul preach the truth? Was he sound in the faith? Was he sufficiently
high in doctrine? Well then Paul declares, in the clearest and most
emphatic manner, that "God commandeth _all_ men, _everywhere_, to
repent." Will any turn round and say they cannot? Will any venture to
deny man's responsibility to obey a divine command? If so, where are
they? On very dangerous ground. If God commands all men to repent, woe
be to those who refuse to do so; and woe be to those who teach that
they are not responsible to do so.

But let us devote a few moments to the examination of this great
practical question in the light of the New Testament. Let us see
whether our Lord and His apostles called upon men--"all men,
everywhere, to repent."

In the third chapter of Matthew's Gospel, we read, "In these days came
John the Baptist, preaching in the wilderness of Judæa, and saying,
Repent ye: for the kingdom of heaven is at hand."

It will, perhaps, be said that John addressed himself specially to
Israel--a people in recognized relationship with Jehovah--and hence
this passage cannot be adduced in proof of the universal and abiding
necessity of repentance. Well, we merely quote it here in order to
shew that man, whether Jew or Gentile, is responsible to repent, and
that the very first voice which falls upon the ear, in the time of
the New Testament, is heard calling sinners to repentance. Was the
Baptist right or wrong? Was he trespassing upon the domain of sound
doctrine when he summoned men to repent? Would some of our modern
theologians have called him aside, after he was done preaching, and
taken him to task for deceiving men by leading them to suppose that
they could repent? We should like to have heard the Baptist's reply.

But we have the example of a greater than John the Baptist, as our
warrant for preaching repentance, for in Matthew iv. we read, "From
that time, Jesus began to preach, and to say, Repent; for the kingdom
of heaven is at hand." Dare any one turn round and say to the divine
Preacher, "We cannot repent. We have no power. We are not
responsible!" Ah, no! men may argue and reason, and talk theology; but
there stands the living record before us--Jesus called upon men to
repent, and that, too, without entering, in any way, upon the question
of man's ability here or there. He addressed man as a responsible
being, as one who was imperatively called to judge himself and his
ways, to confess his sins, and repent in dust and ashes. The only true
place for a sinner is the place of repentance; and if he refuses to
take that place in the presence of divine grace, he will be compelled
to take it in the presence of divine judgment, when repentance will be
too late. "God commandeth all men, everywhere, to repent."

Passing on to the opening of the Acts of the Apostles, we are
privileged to hearken to Peter's address on the day of Pentecost--the
most fruitful sermon ever preached in this world--crowned with the
glorious result of three thousand souls! And what did Peter preach? He
preached Christ, and he called upon men to repent. Yes, the great
apostle of the circumcision insisted upon repentance--self-judgment--true
contrition of heart before God. "Then said Peter unto them, Repent,
and be baptized _every one of you_ in the name of Jesus Christ, for
the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy
Ghost" (Acts ii. 38). And, again, "Repent ye therefore and be
converted, that your sins may be blotted out" (Chap. iii. 19).

Was Peter right in calling upon men to repent and be converted? Would
any one be justified in saying to him, at the close of his preaching,
"How can men repent? How can they be converted? They can do nothing."
We should vastly like to hear Peter's reply. One thing is certain, the
power of the Holy Ghost accompanied the preaching. He set His seal to
it, and that is enough. "God commandeth _all men, everywhere_, to
repent." Woe to all who refuse.

We have already referred to the preaching of the blessed apostle of
the Gentiles, and the great teacher of the Church of God. He himself,
referring to his ministry at Ephesus, declares in the audience of the
elders, "I kept back nothing that was profitable, but have shewed you,
and have taught you publicly, and from house to house, testifying
both to the Jews, and also to the Greeks, repentance toward God, and
faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ" (Acts xx. 20, 21). So also, in his
pungent address to Agrippa, he says, "I was not disobedient unto the
heavenly vision; but shewed first unto them of Damascus, and at
Jerusalem, and throughout all the coasts of Judæa, and then to the
Gentiles, that they should repent and turn to God, and do works meet
for repentance."

Thus we have a body of evidence, drawn from Scripture, such as cannot
be gainsaid, proving the universal and abiding necessity of
repentance. "God commandeth all men, everywhere, to _repent_." There
is no avoiding this. Let men beware how they set it aside. No system
of theology can be sound that denies the responsibility of the sinner
to repent and turn to God, and do works meet for repentance.

We have digressed; but the digression was needful, and we now return
to our theme.

The case of the penitent thief furnishes a very fine illustration of
Peter's weighty sentence, "Repent and be converted." It teaches us in
a clear and forcible manner, the true meaning of repentance and
conversion--two subjects so little understood, so sadly clouded by
false teaching.

The human heart is ever prone to take divine things by the wrong end;
and when false theology combines with this tendency of the heart, by
presenting things in a one-sided manner, the moral effect upon the
soul is something terrible. Hence it is that, when men are called upon
in the gospel message to repent and turn to God, they think it
needful to set about doing something or other, in the shape of
reading, praying, and attending upon the ordinances and offices of
religion, so called. Thus they become occupied with their doings
instead of judging their state.

This is a fatal mistake--the result of the combined influence of
self-righteousness and bad theology--these fruitful sources of
darkness and misery to precious souls, and of serious damage to the
truth of God.

It is perfectly marvellous to note the varied forms in which
self-righteousness clothes itself. Indeed so varied are these forms
that one would scarcely recognize it to be what it really is.
Sometimes it looks like humility, and speaks largely of the evil and
danger of being too presumptuous. Then again, it assumes the garb and
adopts the language of what is called experimental religion, which,
very often, is nothing more than intense self-occupation. At other
times, it expresses itself in the threadbare formularies of systematic
divinity--that stumbling-block of souls and the sepulchre of divine
revelation.

What then is repentance? It is, in one of its grand elements, the
thorough judgment of self--of its history and its ways. It is the
complete breaking up of the entire system of self-righteousness and
the discovery of our complete wreck, ruin and bankruptcy. It is the
sense of personal vileness, guilt, and danger--a sense produced by the
mighty action of the Word and Spirit of God upon the heart and
conscience. It is a hearty sorrow for sin, and a loathing of it for
its own sake.

True, there are other features and elements in genuine repentance.
There is a change of mind as to self, and the world, and God. And
further, there are various degrees in the depths and intensity of the
exercise. But, for the present, we confine ourselves to that deeply
important feature of repentance illustrated in the touching narrative
of the penitent thief, which we may term, in one word, self-judgment.
This must be insisted upon constantly. We greatly fear it is sadly
lost sight of in much of our modern preaching and teaching. In our
efforts to make the gospel simple and easy, we are in danger of
forgetting that "God commandeth all men everywhere to repent." The
sinner must be made to feel that he is a sinner, a lost sinner, a
guilty sinner, a hell-deserving sinner. He must be made to feel that
sin is a terrible thing in the sight of God; so terrible, that nothing
short of the death of Christ could atone for it--so terrible, that all
who die unpardoned must inevitably be damned--must spend a dreary,
never-ending eternity in the lake that burneth with fire and
brimstone.

Is there, then, anything meritorious in repentance? Is there anything
to build upon or to boast in? Has it aught to do with the ground of
our salvation, our righteousness, or our acceptance with God? As well
might we inquire if the consciousness of bankruptcy could form the
basis of a man's credit or future fortune. No, no, reader; repentance,
in its deepest and most intensified form, has nothing to do with the
ground of our pardon. How could the sense of guilt have aught to do
with the ground of pardon? How could the feelings of a drowning man
have aught to do with the life-boat that saves him? Or how could the
agonies of a man in a house on fire have aught to do with the
fire-escape by which he descends from the burning pile?

Look at the case of the thief on the cross. Hearken to his words:
"Dost thou not fear Go

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